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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When evaluating someone for an STD what 3 areas should not be overlooked in your physical exam?
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-urethra
-skene's glands -bartholin glands |
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This STD prevalence has increased 10 fold in the last 10 years...
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herpes simplex
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approx. 85% of herpes lesions are caused by which virus?
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herpes simplex type 2
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herpes viruses are considered __ viruses.
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dna
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An STD that presents as, classic vesicular lesions preceded by a prodromal phase of mild parestesia and burning approx. 2-5 days after infection that progresses to painful vesicular and ulcerated lesions 3-7 days after exposure is most likely ___
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herpes simplex
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Primary herpes infections can be characterized by what 3 symptoms?
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-malaise
-low grade fever -inguinal adenopathy |
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clear vesicles that lyse and progress to shallow, painful ulcers with a red border indicate what type of infection?
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herpes simplex
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usually the diagnosis of herpes is made by__&__ but can be confirmed by viral cultures if needed.
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history and physical exam
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Name the meds that you can prescribe in the treatment of herpes.
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acyclovir
famcyclovir valacyclovir |
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in pregnant women with active herpes...what should be considered and why?
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c-section, due to high fetal mortality rates
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An infxn of the female upper genital tract that is spread along the mucosal surfaces from the initial infxn of the cervix is called __?
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pelvic inflammatory disease
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What are the 2 organisms responsible for PID?
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chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhea
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How can examination of the cervix help you to determine the bug that has caused PID?
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C.trachomatis usually is evident by the mucopurulant cervicitis, while gonorrhea seems to reside in the endocervical cells without always promoting a purulent inflammatory response.
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t/f
oral contraceptives help to limit PID |
true
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indolent endometritis develops with further extension more commonly with infection of what bug?
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chlamydia
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__ infxns are manifested by mucopurulent cervicitis, acute urethritis, salpingitis, or PID
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chlamydial
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What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome? and how does it relate to the female genital tract?
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preihepatitis, (localized fibrosis with scarring of the anterior surface of the liver) may be caused by chlamydial infxns more often than by gonorrhea.
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Name the 2 lab tests that have recently become popular in the diagnosis of chlamydia
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ELISA performed on cervical secretions
Monoclonal fluorescent antibody test carreid out on dried specimens |
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What are the treatments available for chlamydia trachomatis?
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if outpatient, Zithromax 1 gram p.o., doxycycline 100mg p.o. bid x 7 days, or floxin 300 mg, p.o. bid x 7 days.
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in pt's positive for chlamydia what other tests should be done?
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other std's (all of them)
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infertility occurs in approx. 15% of patients after 1 episode and up to 85% of pts., after 3 episodes of what genital infection?
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gonorrhea with salpingitis
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Infections with __ are easily acquired and can affect almost any part of organ of the body.
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N. gonorrhea
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A __ infection of the lower genital tract is characterized by a malodorous, purulent discharge from the urethra, Skene's duct, cervix, vagina, or anus.
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N. gonorrhea
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A __ or __ discharge from the cervix should alert you that your pt. probably has a __ or __ infection.
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greenish to yellow
gonorrhea or chlamydial |
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Infection of the __ glands is frequently encuontered and can lead to secondary infectins, abesscesses, or cyst formation.
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Bartholin's glands
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Approx. 15% of women with N. Gonorrhal infections of the cervix will develop __
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PID
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Pt.'s that exhibit muscular guarding, cervical motion tenderness, and/or rebound tenderness..may have __
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PID
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the preferred treatments for gonorrheal infections include?
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rocephin 125mg IM x1 or
cipro 500mg p.o. x1 |
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the preferred treatments of PID include?
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cefoxitin 2 gm IM or rocephin 250mg IM plus doxy 100mg bid x14 days
if severe can give clinda IV or gent IV |
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infection by __ causes soft, fleshy growths on the vulva, vagina, cervix, urethral meatus, perineum, and anus.
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HPV
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the diagnosis of HPV is made based on __
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physical exam
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__ __ are usually characterized by their narrower base and more 'heaped up' appearance
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venereal warts
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condyloma lata lesions are characterized by their ___
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flattened tops
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Treatment of HPV includes...what therapies?
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podofilox get, imiquimod cream, electrocautery, cryosurgery, surgical excision, laser surgery , or intralesional interferon injections.
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treponema pallidum, is the causative agent in what STD?
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syphilis
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a rounded or ovoid raised lesion with indurated edges and a depressed center, that is painless is indicative of what STD?
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syphilis
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the signs of secondary syphilis infection are characterized by what symptoms?
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low-grade fever, headache, malaise, sore throat, anorexia, generalized lymphadenopathy, and a diffuse, symmetric maculopapular rash.
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the rash of syphilis is often seen over what specific areas?
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palms and soles and can be referred to as the "money spots"
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Name the types of nontreponemal serologic tests for syphilis
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vdrl-venereal disease research laboratory
rpr-rapid pasma reagin artautomated reagin test |
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what type of bugs will you see under a microscope if syphilis is present?
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spirochetes
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what is the treatment of choice for syphilis?
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pen G 2.4 million units IM or doxy 100mg p.o. bid, or tetracycline 300mg po qid x14 days
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HIV targets __ and monocytes.
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helper t cells
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Depletion of __ is an important manifestation of HIV infection.
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CD4 (helper T cells)
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__ is now one of the top five causes of death in reproductive aged women
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AIDS
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What are the three primary methods of contracting HIV?
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-use of contaminated needles or blood products,
-perinatal transmission form mother to child -intimate sexual contact |
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What is the screening test for AIDS?
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ELISA that tests for antibodies agains HIV
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What is the confirmation test for a positive HIV ELISA?
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western blot
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name 3 classes of drugs used to treat HIV
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nrti-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
nnrti-nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors haart-highly active antiretroviral therapy |
