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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the breast consist of anatomically?
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- 20 lobes
- segmental, sub-segmental, terminal ducts - fibrous and adipose tissue |
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What is the "milk line"?
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Line of breast tissue (some ectopic) extending from axilla to inguinal region
- may be sites of neoplastic, inflammatory disease |
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What type of cells are in a normal breast lobule? What is a clue to the lobule becoming cancerous?
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2 cell layers:
- Luminal Cells (express ER/PRs) - Myoepithelial Cells (contraction, tumor suppression, organization of polarity of luminal cells) **Both cells express many markers If cancerous -- LOSE EPITHELIAL CELLS! so only has one layer... if myoep cells still there, lesion is benign |
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What is the "Triple Test" for breast disease?
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1. Clinical exam
2. Radiology - USG, Mammography, MRI 3. Path evaluation |
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What is the age distribution of Fibrocystic Change in the breast?
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50% women >35 y.o.
Markedly reduced in menopause |
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What are the types of Fibrocystic Breast Change?
Management?? |
Proliferative
- epithelial hyperplasia - pre-malignant - varying degrees of dysplasia/atypia - management: if atypical hyperplasia or carc in situ, surgical tx necessary Non-proliferative - cysts, stromal fibrosis - manage: no further procedure needed |
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What is the racial distribution of malignant fibrocystic breast change?
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- More common in black women than caucasian women
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What are the causes of Gynecomastia??
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1. Increase in Estrogen
- drugs - opiates, digitalis - Hormone-secreting tumors (adrenal, testicular) - Paraneoplastic production of gonadotropins - metabolic disorders with increased androstenedione (liver disease, hyperthyroidism) 2. Decrease in Androgens - Inadequate testicular secretion - Kleinfelter, castration, orchitis - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome |
