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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is obesity?
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A body mass index of equal to or greater than 30
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What is the most widely used measure of obesity?
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BMI which is calculated by weight and height.
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What are some of the limitations of measuring obesity using BMI?
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it doens't allow for the location of the fat
it doesn't distinguish between fat and muscle |
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What are some other ways of measuring obesity?
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waist circumference
skin fold test with calipers |
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What is the prevalence of obesity?
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60% of adults are overweight or obese. Rates have doubled since the 1980s with males being worse than females. Australia has 2nd worse childhood obesity rate in world. Childhood Obesity increasing at 1% a year.
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What are the classifications of BMI by the World Health Organisation?
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normal - 18.5-24.9
overweight - 25-29 obese class 1 - 30-34.9 class 2 35-39.9 class 3 - 40 and over. |
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What causes obesity?
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complex interplay between factors.
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How much influence does genetics have on obesity?
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big influence. 1 parent =40% chance of fat child, 2 parents= 80% chance. Twin and adoptee studies both support that obesity has strong genetic component.
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How has environment led to development of obesity?
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technological advancements such as cars, TVs. smaller yard sizes.
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What is the link between TV viewing and obesity?
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TV viewing has doubled since the 1960s. Correlation al link between TV viewing and obesity.(eating in front of TV, lack of activity)
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What is the relationship between fast food and obesity?
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it appears that the type of food rather than the amount of food eaten is linked with obesity.
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How are responses to internal and external cues related to obesity?
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suggested that those prone to obesity are less responsive to internal cues (huger, satiety) and more to external cues ( stress)
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How is dieting linked to obesity?
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dieting's starvation/overeating cycle can lead to long term weight gain.
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What are some physical consequences of obesity?
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death, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, type 2 diabetes, cancer, sleep apnea, joint pain
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What are the psychological consequences?
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self esteem, links with depression, body disatisfaction,stigmatisation and stereotypes even amongst kids.
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What is the general rule with treatment of obesity?
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a multidimensional approach is needed including diet, exercise, relapse prevention, CBT, education.
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What are some general rules about dieting?
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must be individualised, overseen by a dietitican, slow loss is better and easier to maintain. Aim is to eat less than output.
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What are some general rules about exercise?
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must be buring more than taking in. Best for maintenance of weight. Best used with diet. Exercise good for other reasons such as mood, heaart health, self esteem.
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When is drug based treatment useful/
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A BMI of over 30 where there are premorbid conditions such as heart problems.
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What are some of the probs of drug therapy?
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side effects. If not working after 3 mths or 10% of weight has not been lost must stop.
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How do drugs work?
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make you feel full or stop you absorbing fat.
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When is sugery used?
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last option for morbidly obest (40+BMI) or over 35 with complications.
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What are the two main surgeries used?
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gastric bypass using staples or gastric banding.
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What are the problems with the surgeries?
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always risk of complications, the staples or band can come undone, the stomach pouch can stretch, lots of vomiting.
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Using the stepped three stage process for choosing treatment of obesity what is taken into account?
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BMI, comorbid condtions, what has been tried before, lifestyle, where weight is located, preferences.
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