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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Detrimental experiences during peripartum that affect breastfeeding
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-late initiation of breastfeeding after birth
-extended separation from infant -supplementation w/ formula -limited or no help w/ breastfeeding problems -gift packages w/ formula |
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What is the correlation of anesthesia/analgesia w/ breastfeeding
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disturbance of infant neurobehavior functioning and suckling
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In US, if mom is HIV+ what is the recommendation for feeding
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bottle
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Standard recommendation of exclusive breast milk use
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first 6mos of life
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What is recommended after first 6mos of life regarding breast milk
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feed in conjunction with other food until 1st birthday
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The benefits of breast milk are associated with...
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how long the infant was fed breast milk and whether it was exclusively or supplemented w/ other feedings
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What is colostrum comprised of
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-protein
-minerals -fat-soluble vitamins -IgA |
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What are the benefits of colostrum
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-more bank for your buck bc baby doesn't feed well yet
-rich in immunogobulins to protect GI tract -natural laxative to rid baby of meconium |
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Describe transitional milk
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same components of colostrum, greater volume
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By what day has mom formed mature breast milk
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10 letters = day 10!
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Mature breast milk nutrition facts
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20cal/oz
protein, fat, carbohydrates vitamins, minerals, enzymes |
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Percentage of fat in breast milk
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58%
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Advantage of breast milk r/t preterm infants
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promotes greater developmental gains
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Ho is breast feeding less likely to result in overfeeding and obesity
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baby has to work to get the milk; when baby is satisfied he stops sucking
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What benefits does a hard suck promote
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good tooth and jaw development
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What maternal benefits concerning the uterus result from breastfeeding
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releases oxytocin which stimulates uterine contractions; this helps with uterine involution and coagulation
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What two conditions does breastfeeding put mom at a lower risk for
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breast cancer and osteoporosis
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Oxytocin is commonly referred to as "the maternal hormone." Explain its relation to breastfeeding.
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promotes mommy-baby bonding
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Drugs commonly contraindicated if breastfeeding
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alcohol, amphetamines, antihistamines, cyclosprine, cocaine, heroine, methadone, lithium
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What classification is cyclosprine and what is its significance in breast milk
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immunosuppressant; baby's immune system is already compromised
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What method is recommended if mom has consumed large amounts of alcohol
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pump and dump before feeding
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When are breasts first formed in utero
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5wks
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What is the only gland not fully developed in fetal life
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mammary gland
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Define parenchyma and stroma
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-tree-like ducts
-CT, adipose, blood vessels, & lymphatics |
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What are the two divisions of breast tissue
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parenchyma and stroma
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What is the functional unit of milk making
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alveolar cell
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How many ducts lead up to the nipple to carry milk
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15-25
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The ducts empty milk at the nipple, where do they originate
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lobular-alveloi system
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What are Montgomery tubercles
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small pimples on the nipples that secrete a substance that lubricates and acts as antimicrobial protection
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What month do we first see appearance of colostrum; what hormone is responsible for this
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3rd month; prolactin
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What week of pregnancy is the breast fully prepared for lactation
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16wks
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Describe breast involution r/t weaning
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2 weeks without stimulation
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Hormones associated with development of breast milk
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hPL, hCG, progesterone, estrogen, prolactin
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What system does milk production rely on?
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positive feedback
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What is PIF
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Prolactin inhibiting factor, negatively controls prolactin
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What event leads to high levels of prolactin release from the anterior pituitary
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placental expulsion
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What causes prolactin levels to drop to non-pregnant levels
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no nipple stimulation for 2 weeks
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What hormones i responsible for milk let down
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oxytocin
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Where is milk ejected from when oxytocin causes the myoepithelium to contract?
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lobular-alveoli
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When does Lactogenesis I take place and what does it produce
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during pregnancy; colostrum
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When does Lactogenesis II take place?
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after delivery of placenta
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Placental expulsion causes what hormone to rapidly decrease and what hormone to rapidly increase
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progesterone; prolactin
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When do we see copious secretions of milk pp; what phase of lactogenesis is this associated with?
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2-3days; II
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What takes place during Lactogenesis III
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ongoing production of mature milk
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Define Galactopoieses
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ongoing production of mature milk
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What happens to the cells and mammary glands during breast involution
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cells undergo apoptosis; proteolytic degradation and reabsoprtion
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What period of time is coined, "sensitive time," and is optimal time for breastfeeding
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1st period of reactivity, 1st few hours of life
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Describe the latch we want to promote
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wide open latch
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What action causes oxytocin release and milk let down
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nipple stimulation and stretching
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How many feedings should be given daily
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8-12 (q2-3h)
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Explain how mom should decide which breast to start feeding the baby on
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whichever breast she finished the previous feeding with
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How many stools should be expected daily
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3-4
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How many wet diapers should be expected daily
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6-8
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How much wt should baby gain daily
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15-30g
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First line of treatment for nipple fissures
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open to air, lubricate with breast milk
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What is nystatin and what is it used for
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topical ointment for candidiasis
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What is the most common reason for early weaning
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nipple discomfort
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Tx for breast engorgement
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-unlimited to feeds on baby's cues
-massage -warm shower -red cabbage |
