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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the earth's thickness?
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8,000 miles
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What is the distance to th eearth's core?
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4,000 miles
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What was the deepest drill conducted and where?
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7.5 miles in Russia
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How do we understand the center of the earth?
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Earthquakes &
Volcanoes |
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What is the rock brought up to the surface of the earth?
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Mantle Xenolith
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What is the mantle made of?
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Silicate Rock
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What is Silicate rock's density (weight)?
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3 g per cm3 apprx
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What are the 3 types of meteorites?
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Stones
Irons Stony-Iron |
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How does magnetic lines travel through the earth?
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They come out the south and enter the north ends of the earth.
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When do magnets stop working?
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At the curing temp.
60C |
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What creates the northern lights?
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Charged particles from the sun that are trapped in the earth's magnetic field.
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What does the earth's magnetic field preotect the earth from?
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solar wind; high energy particles shot off the sun in all directions
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What makes the diff. colors in the northern lights?
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diff. gases and diff. charges
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How do earthquakes (seismic waves) travel?
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Along fault lines (cracks in the earth's surface)
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How is tempurature created?
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Through vibrations
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What does the earth weigh?
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5.5 g/cm3
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What is a seismic wave?
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seismic waves are when rocks are under pressure and they break
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How do we measure earthquakes?
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a seismegraph is used to measure the severityof a quake.
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What does a seismegraph need to have in order to measure properly?
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one if it's components (needle or base) must be stablized to get a read.
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What are the 3 types of signals (waves) that an earthquake gives?
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P (primary) - waves
S (secondary) - waves Surface waves |
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Waht do P&S waves do?
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penetrate the earth
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How do R&L waves travel?
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Along the earth's surface
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What order do surface waves come and what do they do?
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Third and they do the damage
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What part of an earthquake is reported?
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Epicenter
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What order do secondary waves come in and what do they penetrate?
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Second and they travel in a side to side motion and are slower. They penetrate only solids
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What order do primary waves come in and what do they penetrate?
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First and they travel up and down and are the fastest; they push & pull and pas through anything.
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How amny stations are needed to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake?
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Three
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What motion do surface waves have?
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A "rock and roll" motion. You get hit with two waves at the same time.
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Why is the inner core solid?
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inner core is solid becasue it's constantly under pressure from the outer core
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Waht is resonance?
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when the vibration of the object matches the force; magnifies waves
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What causes a tsunami?
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when the ocean floor moves and "pops" the water up.
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How many layers of the earth are there and what are they?
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- inner core is solid/ iron
- outter core is liquid/ iron - mantle/dense silicate rock - crust/less dense silicate rock |
