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201 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Avodart generic
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dutasteride
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Avodart adverse effects
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fetal damage (pregnancy X)
hirsutism |
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Claritin-D ingredients
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loratadine
pseudoephedrine |
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Claritin-D dosing
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1 tab q12h
extended release: 1 tab QD |
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Inspra generic
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eplerenone
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Uroxatral generic
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alfuzosin
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Uroxatral MOA
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alpha 1 blocker
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Uroxatral indication
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functional symptoms of BPH
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Hytrin generic
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terazosin
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Hytrin MOA
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alpha 1 blocker
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treprostinil brand
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Remodulin
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trepostinil MOA
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direct dilator of both pulmonary and systemic arterial vascular beds
inhibits platelet aggregation |
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trepostinil indication
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pulmonary arterial hypertension in pts w/ NYHA class II-IV symptoms
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diazoxide brand
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Hyperstat
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diazoxide MOA
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Vasodilator: direct smooth muscle relaxxation of peripheral arterioles which results in decrease in blood pressure and reflex increase in HR and CO
Hypoglycemia: inhibits insulin release from pancreas |
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diazoxide indications
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hypertensive emergencies
hypoglycemia |
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nitroprusside brand
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NitroPress
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nitroprusside MOA
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peripheral vasodilation by direct action on venous and arteriolar smooth muscle
increases CO by decreasing afterload reduces aortal and left ventricular impedance |
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treatment of cyanide intoxication
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amyl nitrite perles
sodium nitrite sodium thiosulfate |
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Tolectin generic
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Tolmetin
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Tolectin MOA
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NSAID
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Tolectin should not be used in a patient with a
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CrCL <25
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Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets must be
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packaged in a glass container
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Senokot generic
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senna
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Senokot MOA
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anthraquinone glycoside which produces mild stimulant effect on GI tract
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Other stimulant laxatives
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Cascara, Aloe
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Advantages of stimulant laxatives
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not significantly absorbed from GI tract which minimizes systemic side effects
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Nor-QD generic
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norethindrone
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norethindrone pharmacologic category
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progestin only oral contraceptive
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Ortro-Gynol II jelly
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non-oxynol-9
contraceptive vaginal lubricant |
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What is an example of a phenytoin prodrug
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fosphenytoin
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fosphenytoin brand
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Cerebyx
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parenterally administered Dilantin
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precipitation likely if combined w/ B-complex w/ C in an IV admixture (acidic)
IM administration should be avoided |
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morbilliform refers to
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measleslike
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drugs that are appropriate to use in status epilepticus
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propofol
midazolam lorazepam |
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Active ingredient in Colace
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docusate sodium
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docusate sodium MOA
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anionic surfactant that promotes the penetration of water into the intestinal contents
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Ingredient in Centrum is lycoopene. What is lycopene used for?
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antioxidant that has been shown to reduce the incidence of prostate cancer
decreases LDL |
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Levodopa patients should avoid vitamin supplements that contain
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pyridoxine (enhance peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine by dopa-decarboxylase)
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Sinemet adverse effect
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darkening of the urine
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Cogentin generic
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benztropine
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switching from levodoopa to sinemet
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permit at least 8 hours to elapse between last dose and first dose
daily levodopa dose in the Sinemet should be 75-80% lower that when levodopa is used alone |
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Product provides individual doses of carbidopa
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Lodosyn
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Emsam generic
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selegiline
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Emsam indications
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orally for adjunctive therapy when Sinemet therapy is deteriorating
transdermally for major depressive disorder |
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Timoptic-XE generic
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timolol (gel-forming solution)
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timolol MOA
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nonselective beta blocker that reduces IOP by reducing aqueous humor production or possibly outflow
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Timoptic-XE dosing
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instill 1 drop once daily
soln: instill 1 drop twice daily |
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acetazolamide brand
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Diamox
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acetazolamide MOA in glaucoma
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carbonic anhydrase inhibitor decreases production of aqueous humor
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dipivefrin brand
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Propine
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dipivefrin MOA
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stimulates alpha/beta receptors increasing aqueous humor outflow
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dipivefrin dosing
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1 drop q12 hours
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dipivefrin is a prodrug of
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epinephrine
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propofol brand
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Diprivan
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carbachol brand
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Isopto
Miostat Carbastat |
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carbachol MOA
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cholinergic agonist increases aqeuous humor outflow
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Normal IOP
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10-20mmHg
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Timoptic XE dosage form
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gel forming solution
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bimatoprost brand
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Lumigan
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bimatoprost adverse effects
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conjunctival hyperemia
growth of eyelashes ocular pruritus |
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Betagan generic
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levobunolol
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Betagan contains edetate disodium which functions as a
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metal scavenger which binds free metal ions
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Orudis-KT generic
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ketoprofen
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Advil ingredient
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ibuprofen
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Aleve ingredient
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naproxen
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Haltran ingredient
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ibuprofen
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Datril ingredient
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acetaminophen
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Actron ingredient
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ketoprofen
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Visine advanced allergy relief generic
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tetrahydrozoline
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Visine advanced allergy MOA
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alpha 1 agonist
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Timoptic XE and levobunolol adverse effect
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respiratory distress
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Benzac AC wash generic
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benzoyl peroxide
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BenzaClin generic
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clinamycin and benzoyl peroxide
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Retin-A warnings
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avoid excessive sunlight exposure
avoid contact w/ eyes, mucous membranes, etc do not use 0.05% crm longer than 48wks do not use 0.02% crm longer than 52wks gel is flammable |
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tretinoin MOA
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keratinocytes in sebaceous follicle become less adherent
inhibits microcomedone formation and eliminates lesions already present |
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retin-A liquid containes buylated hydroxytoluene which its function is
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oil-soluble antioxidant
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Retin-A micro is a product that is only available as a
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gel that containes microspheres
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Accutane is most closely related to
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beta carotene. It contains isotretinoin that is an isomer of retinoic acid, a metabolite of retinol (vitamin A). betacarotene is provitamin A
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Common adverse effects of Accutane
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chelitis
conjunctivitis hyperlipidemia |
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Accutane administration oral
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administer with food
capsules can be swallowed or chewed and swallowed capsule can be opened and contents placed on applesauce or ice cream whole caps should be swallowed with a full glass of liquid |
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Accutane prescriptions
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written for a 1-month supply and must be filled within 7 days
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Bravisol containes aluminum oxide which is an ingredient used
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as an abrasive. aluminum oxide is a water-insoluble material
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Pernox scrub contains salicylic acid which is used
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as a keratolytic agent
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Vanceril generic
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beclomethasone (Beconase AQ, QVAR)
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Using Proventil Aerosol in an elderly patient may require the use of a
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spacer device
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What formulations is Proventil available in?
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aerosol
powder for inhalation oral liquid oral tabs |
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What should be done when Proventil Aerosol and vanceril Aerosol are to be used at the same time?
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use the broncodilator at least several minutes before the corticosteroid to promote better passage of corticosteroid into the lower lung
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Habitrol generic
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Nicotine
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Nicotine brandnames
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Commit
NicoDerm CQ Nicorette Nicotrol inahler Nicotrol NS Nicotrol Patch |
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How to determine what strength gum a smoker should begin with
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<25cigarettes/d = 2mg
>25 cigarettes/d = 4mg |
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Nicotine gum dosage breakdown
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weeks 1-6: chew 1 piece of gum q1-2h
chew at least 9 pieces/d during first 6 weeks weeks7-9: chew 1 piece of gum q2-4hours weeks10-12: chew 1 piece of gum q4-8hours |
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Nicotine inhaler use
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6-16 cartidges per day (freq cont puffing q20minutes)
duration 3 months wean from inhaler by reduction in daily dose over 6-12wks |
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How to determine the nicotine lozenge strength
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patients who smoke first cigarette w/in 30mins of waking = 4mg
otherwise 2mg strength recommended |
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Nicotine lozenge dosing breakdown
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weeks 1-6: one lozenge q1-2h
weeks 7-9: one lozenge q2-4h weeks 10-12: one lozenge q4-8h use atleast 9 lozenges per day (max 20/d) |
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Nicotine spray dosing
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1-2sprays/hr (max 10sprays/hr; 80sprays/d)
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2sprays contains how much nicotine
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1mg
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Nicotine trasdermal patch directions
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apply new patch q24h to nonhairy, clean,d ry skin on upper body or upper outer arm
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NicoDerm CQ directions
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>10cigs/d: begin w/ step 1 (21mg/d) x4-6wks, followed by step (14mg/d) x2wks; finish w/ step 3 (7mg/d) x2wks
<10cigs/d: begin step 2 (14mg/d)x6wks, followed by step 3 (7mg/d)x 2wks |
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NicoDerm CQ initial starting dose in patients <100 poiunds or hx of cardiovascular disease
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14mg/d x4-6wks, followed by 7mg/d x2-4wks
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Nicotrol directions
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one patch daily x6wks
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Benefits of use of nicotine trasdermal patches beyound ___ months have not been demonstrated
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3
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Nicotine gum counseling
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chew slowly until it tingles, then park gum between cheek and gum until tingle is gone; repeat process until most of tingle is gone (30mins)
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Nicotine patch interesting fact
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contains metal (aluminum) remove in MRI
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Advantage of albuterol over isoproterenol is
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fewer cardiac effects
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isoproterenol brand
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Isuprel
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isoproterenol MOA
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beta1/2 agonist resulting in relaxation of bronchial, GI, and uterine smooth muscle, increased HR and contractility, vasodilation of peripheral vasculature
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Atrovent generic
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Ipratropium
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Tornalate generic
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bitolterol (bronchodilator)
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Maxair generic
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pirbuterol (beta2 agonist)
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Beclovent generic
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beclomethasone
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Sustaire generic
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theophylline
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theophylline MOA
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blocks phosphodiesterase
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dipyridamole MOA
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inhibits activity of adenosine deaminase and phosphodiesterase
inhibits platelet aggregation and may cause vasodilation |
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dipyridamole brand
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Persantine
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Humalog generic
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insulin lispro
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Humalog notes
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recombinant DNA tech
clear solution |
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How many mL's if a patient needs 32 U lantus dose?
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0.32mL
100units/mL |
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Units for blood glucose
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mg/dl
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Symlin generic
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pramlintide
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Symlin MOA
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amylinomimetic
reduces PPG increases via: 1)prolongation of gastric emptying 2)reduction of postprandial glucagon secretion 3)centrally mediated appetite suppression type 1 and 2 |
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Symlin storage
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unopened vials: refrigerated
opened vials: refrigerated or room temp discard opened vial after 28 days |
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Insulin that does not have a pH of 7.4?
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Lantus
not compatible with other insulins |
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B-D lo-Dose syringes capacity
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0.5mL (useful if measuring <50units)
others are 1.0mL |
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Diabeta generic
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glyburide
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Prandin generic
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repaglinide
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Precose generic
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acarbose
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2nd generation sulfonylureas
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glyburide (Diabeta, Micronase)
glimepiride (Amaryl) glipizide (Glucotrol) |
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Thyrolar generic
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liotrix
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liotrix composition
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T4:T3 in 4:1 ratio by weight
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Cytomel generic
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liothyronine
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liothyronine composition
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T3
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Euthroid generic
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liotrix
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Use of thyrolar and effect on warfarin requirement
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increases the catabolism of vitamin K dependent clotting factors which decreases warfarin requirment
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administred in a radiation emergency
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potassium iodide
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NSAIDs effect on warfarin
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displaces warfarin from protein binding sites increasing its effect
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Empirin/Codeine and warfarin interaction
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Aspirin can displace warfarin from protein binding sites increasing its effect
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Trimox generic
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amoxicillin
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Bactrim generic
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trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
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Septra generic
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trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
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Bactrim MOA
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sulfa: inhibition of dihydrofolic acid formation from para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)
trimethoprim: inhibits dihydrofolic acid reduction to tetrahydrofolate resulting in sequential inhibition of enzmes of folic acid pathway |
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Bactrim administration
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8oz of water on an empty stomach, 1 hr before or 2 hours after meals for best absorption
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Avelox generic
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moxifloxacin
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Levaquin generic
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levofloxacin
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meperidine and MAO-I interaction
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may enhance the serotenergic effect of meperidine
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can test urine with this to determine the presence of bacteruria
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microstix-3
designed to test for nitrite in urine |
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Pyridium generic
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phenazopyridine
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Pyridium classification
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urinary analgesic
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Pyridium should not be administered for longer than
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2 days
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Tests for urine ketones
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Acetest
Ketostix |
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Uristat generic
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phenazopyridine
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Symptoms of PMS
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backache
cramping edema irritability weight gain |
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Midol PMS formula
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APAP
Pamabrom Pyrilamine |
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Other brand names for Midol
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Pamprin multisymptom
Premsyn PMS caplets |
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Microbes responsible for conjunctivitis
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staph aureus
staph epidermidis strep pneumoniae |
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opthmalic quinolones for conjunctivitis
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ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan)
ofloxacin (Ocuflox) |
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Ancoban generic
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flucytosine
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Risk factors for macular degeneration
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aging
HTN females > males ? sunlight smoking |
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Dietary supplements that have shown some effectiveness in reducing age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
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lutein
vitamin C vitamin E zinc + copper |
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Methods of reducing the incidence of AMD
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smoking cessation
reduction of HTN sunglasses daily antioxidants |
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Factors that contribute to why females are more prone to incontinence than males
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less well-defined internal sphincter
greater depednence on body estrogens (decline in estrogen in post-menopausal women increases risk) |
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Urinary catheter for men
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Texas (external catheter attached around penis to allow urine flow)
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Urinary catheters for anyome
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Foley
intermittent catheters (both inserted through the urethra into the bladder) |
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Given for bladder irrigation for disinfecting the urinary tract and catheter
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diluted acetic acid 0.25%
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Vitamin B12 injection storage color
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clear pink to red solutions are stable at room temperature
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Vitamin B12 dosage forms
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injection solution
intranasal solution spray lozenge tablet (oral , SL) Resin (oral, SL, buccal) |
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Which of the following drugs may contribute to iron deficiency anemia?
a)aspirin b)ampicillin c)multivitamins d)tetracycline e)vitamin B complex |
aspirin-GI bleed
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Criteria for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
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1)symtoms of diabetes plus random plasma glucose >= 200mg/dL
OR 2)fasting plasma glucose >= 126mg/dL on 2 occasions OR 3)2 hour plasma glucose >= 200mg/dL during OGTT with 75 gram glucose load |
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How long before noticeable improvement after taking Zoloft?
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2-4weeks
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Compression stockings notes
|
-stockings should be put on first thing in the morning
-stockings designated as antiembolism stockings exert only 20mm of pressure -stockings with gradient pressures exert the greatest pressure on the lower extremities |
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Nasonex generic
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mometasone
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Nasonex notes
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-prior to first use prime pump by actuating 10 times
-use in each nostril daily |
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mometasone brand
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Asmanex, Twisthaler, Elocon, Nasonex
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Clarinex generic
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desloratadine
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Clarinex dosage forms
|
tablets
reditabs |
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Clarinex dosing
|
5-10mg QD
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Clarinex versus Allegra potency
|
Clarinex more potent
5-10mg QD vs. 60mg BID - 180mg QD |
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Aleve generic
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naproxen
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Alavert generic
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loratadine
|
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Contac generic
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pseudoephedrine
|
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Tavist generic
|
clemastine
|
|
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Vivarin generic
|
caffeine
|
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|
What is the active ingredient in Burow's solution?
What is this ingredient used as? |
5% aluminum acetate used as an astrigent dressing
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Burow's solution uses?
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athlete's foot
diaper rash dry skin dermatitis such as poison ivy |
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Use of Aquaphor
|
good absorbent of liquids such as Burow's solution and will ease its incorporation into the oleaginous petrolatum base.
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Another name for carbolic acid
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phenol
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Use of salicylic acid in topical products
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keratolytic agent
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Digoxin drug interactions: increased effect
|
amiodarone (reduce digoxin dose 50%)
cyclosporine itraconazole erythromycin/clarithromycin methimazole quinidine (reduce digoxin dose 33-50% on initiation) |
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methylphenidate brand names
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Concerta, Daytrana, Metadate, Methylin, Ritalin
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Daytrana administration
|
10mg patch once daily, remove up to 9 hours after application; application should occur 2 hours prior to desired effect to hip area alternating daily
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Concerta administration
|
with or without food but should be taken with water, milk, or juice
other tablets and SR products should be taken 30-45 minutes before meals |
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Orap generic
|
pimozide
|
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Cylert generic
|
pemoline
|
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Strattera generic
|
atomoxetine
|
|
|
pimozide MOA
|
atypical antiphyschotic agent that is a potent centrally acting dopamine receptor antagonist
|
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pemoline
|
CNS stimulant
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pemoline adverse effect
|
severe hepatic failure (withdrawn from market)
|
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atomoxetine MOA
|
selectively inhibits the reuptake of NE
|
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atomoxetine adverse effects
|
headache, insomnia
xerostomia decreased appetite nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain |
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pimozide indications
|
suppresion of severe motor and phonic tics in pts w/ Tourette's syndrome
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atomoxetine indications
|
ADHD
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