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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the major form of fat in the diet?
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Triglycerides
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Fats are used as a fuel during what type of exercise?
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Low intensity.
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Where in the body is fat stored for future use?
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Adipose tissue & muscle cells.
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What are the advantages of having at stored for future use?
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Energy
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Explain the process of fatty acid entering the mitochondria.
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In the outer mitochondrial membrane, the CoA of fatty acyl-CoA is removed and joined to carnitine via carnitine acyltransferase. The acylcarnitine is then transfered into the mitochondria where the FA is separated from the carnitine & is rejoined with CoA.
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What is beta oxidation?
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Four chemical steps where 2 carbon segments are removed from the fatty acid chain and converted to acetyl-CoA-> enter the Kreb's cycle->129 ATP produced.
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How many ATP does 1 acetyl CoA yield?
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129
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Under what conditions is ketosis likely to occur in the body?
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Low CHO intake or starvation.
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What are the advantages & disadvantages of using fat for energy during exercise?
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Adv-Found in food, energy dense, increase storage in adipose tissue, produce lots of ATP.
DAdv- Takes time to transport & metabolize, requires oxygen & can only be used for aerobic metabolism. |
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What is the crossover concept?
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Point where fat use drops & CHO increases during exercise.
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What factors cause absolute fat use for energy to fall as exercise intensity increases?
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Use of more fast twitch muscle fibers, produces more lactate which inhibits the delivery of FFAs to the muscle, causes more blood to flow to the muscle & less to the adipose tissue to pick up FFAs.
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To achieve fat loss, is it better to exercise as a lower or higher intensity?
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Higher intensity. Burn more calories & more fat than a lower intensity.
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What adaptations does the body undergo with training regarding fat use as fuel?
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Fatty acids are more easily mobilized from adipocytes to muscle, uptake of fatty acids into muscle cells is enhanced, increased capillary deinsity in muscle-increased blood flow, # & size of mitochondria in muscle are increased-increases ability to make ATP, at same absolute intensity use more fat for fuel.
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What are the reasons behind high fat diet for athletes? Are they practical?
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To increase fat oxidation. No, not practical.
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What is the affect of caffeine intake of fat metabolism?
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Enhances FFA mobilization during endurance exercise.
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What is the reasoning behind carnitine supplementation? Is it effective?
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To use fat as a fuel. No, it's not effective.
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What is the reasoning behind medium chain triglyceride supplementation? Is it effective?
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Quick energy source, increase fat oxidation, improve performance, spare glycogen. No, not effective.
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What are the recommendations for fat intake in athletes?
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20-35% or 1g/kg BW per day.
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What are the negative effects of inadequate fat intake on training, performance and health?
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inadequate replenishment of intramuscular fat stores, inability to manufacture sex related hormones-testosterone & estrogen, decline in HDL cholesterol, inadequate fat soluble vitamins intakes.
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