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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Carbohydrate
Starches, sugars & fibers that come mainly from plants
Protein
Primary role is for growth, maintenance & repair.
They are large molecular structures.
Fat (Lipid)
Provide materials for making hormones & bile.
Makes you feel full and makes food taste good to you.
Monosaccharide
One molecule of Sugar A simple sugar
Those foods that are sweet to the taste->Candy, cookies, cake, ripe fruits. etc
Complex Carbohydrate
Polysaccharides
Contain vitamins, minerals, fiber & water.
Supply more nutrients than simple carbs.
Examples of Complex Carbs: Brown Rice Whole Wheat Pasta Legumes Fruit/Veggies
BMI (Body Mass Index)
The current preferred method of defining healthy weight because it correlates more closely with actual body fat than hight & weight tables
Choosemyplate.gov
Enjoy your food but eat less,
Make1/2 of plate fruits/veggies & 1/2 of grains whole grains
Harvard School of Public Health Plate
No politics involved.
Encourages Whole Grains, replaces milk w/Water, Encourages multiple types of veggies / fruits
24-Hour Recall
A type of diet diary. Works best if the desire is a quick inquiry of a patient's eating habits. Pt may not remember what they ate.
3-Day Diet Survey
A type of diet diary.
Should include at least one day of the weekend.
Dysphagia
Difficulty Swallowing
Anosmia
Loss of smell
Desgeusia
Perisstent, abnormal distortion of taste.
Includes sweet, sour, bitter, salty or metallic taste.
Direct Approach Counseling
When the DH is the dictator and the PT plays a passive role.
**Is the most ineffective method as human nature is to putup resistance when being told what to do.**
Non Verbal Communication
The process of communitating via visual cues.
Glycemic Index
A numeric ranking system for Carbs basedon their immediate effect on blood glucose levels.

Foods high in fats & proteins do not cause the rise in blood sugar levels as carbohydrates do.
Essential Amino Acids (EAA)
Amino Acids that must be obtained in the diet.
They can not be made in the body.
Kwashiorkor
Protein deficiency disease

*Often see edema of the extremities, torso & face.*
Marasmus
Severe undernourishment causing an infant's or child's weight to be significantly low for their age.

***Inadequate food intake-->starvation***
Incomplete Protein
A protein that is missing amino acids to make it complete Examples Beans, nuts, grains, peanutbutter
Vegan
An individual who excludes food from their diet that has any animal product in it.
Glucose
A Monosaccharide
Also called "dextrose or blood sugar"
The main currency for the body's fuel source that suplies energy
Soluble Fiber
Disolves in water.

Examples: Fruits, Vegetables, grains, beans, oats & apples.
Amino Acid
A molecule containing both an amine & carboxyl group
Complementary Protein
A Protein that is incomplete by itself, but together with another protein will provide all the amino acids for a complete protein.
Essential Fatty Acid (EFA)
A fatty acid that must be obtained in the diet

Example: Omega 3's
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL's)
Lipoproteins that cary fatty acids & Cholesterol from body tissues to the liver

**I think of these as "Heavenly" because they are the good cholesterol.**
High HDL reduces the risk for heart disease.
Partially Hydrogenated
Adding hydrogen to fatty acid to make them more saturated.
AKA: Transfat Are used to prolong shelf life.

Found in Microwave popcorn, cake mixes, biscuit, pancake & cornbread mixes, frostings, crackers etc.
Trans Fat
Fatty Acid that has been partially hydrogenated.
A small amount is naturally occuring in beef & dairy products.
Most occurs by infusing vegetable oils w/hydrogen.
Polyunsaturated
A fatty acid that has 2 or more double bonds.

Often found in baked goods or Nut/seed products.
Monounsaturated
A fatty acid that has a single double bond in the fatty acid chain.
They are typically liquid at room temp but start to turn solid when chilled-->Olive Oil
Phospholipid
A principal component of the myelin sheaths of neurons. Makes up 40% of cell membrane
(structural component in enamel & dentin)
Health Claims
Are posted on the front of the food package to entice shopers looking for a certain benefit from their food.

"Fat Free" " No Trans Fat"
Organic
A food grower must prove they were able to produce the food in a way that was food for the earth. 95% of the ingredients used must have been organice.

Nurtured without synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, antibiotics, hormones of genetic engineering.
100% Natural
Is ment to reveal that there are no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives in the food product.

**Doesn't necessarily mean the food product is good for you.**