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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Carbohydrate
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Starches, sugars & fibers that come mainly from plants
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Protein
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Primary role is for growth, maintenance & repair.
They are large molecular structures. |
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Fat (Lipid)
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Provide materials for making hormones & bile.
Makes you feel full and makes food taste good to you. |
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Monosaccharide
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One molecule of Sugar A simple sugar
Those foods that are sweet to the taste->Candy, cookies, cake, ripe fruits. etc |
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Complex Carbohydrate
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Polysaccharides
Contain vitamins, minerals, fiber & water. Supply more nutrients than simple carbs. Examples of Complex Carbs: Brown Rice Whole Wheat Pasta Legumes Fruit/Veggies |
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BMI (Body Mass Index)
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The current preferred method of defining healthy weight because it correlates more closely with actual body fat than hight & weight tables
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Choosemyplate.gov
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Enjoy your food but eat less,
Make1/2 of plate fruits/veggies & 1/2 of grains whole grains |
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Harvard School of Public Health Plate
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No politics involved.
Encourages Whole Grains, replaces milk w/Water, Encourages multiple types of veggies / fruits |
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24-Hour Recall
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A type of diet diary. Works best if the desire is a quick inquiry of a patient's eating habits. Pt may not remember what they ate.
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3-Day Diet Survey
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A type of diet diary.
Should include at least one day of the weekend. |
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Dysphagia
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Difficulty Swallowing
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Anosmia
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Loss of smell
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Desgeusia
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Perisstent, abnormal distortion of taste.
Includes sweet, sour, bitter, salty or metallic taste. |
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Direct Approach Counseling
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When the DH is the dictator and the PT plays a passive role.
**Is the most ineffective method as human nature is to putup resistance when being told what to do.** |
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Non Verbal Communication
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The process of communitating via visual cues.
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Glycemic Index
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A numeric ranking system for Carbs basedon their immediate effect on blood glucose levels.
Foods high in fats & proteins do not cause the rise in blood sugar levels as carbohydrates do. |
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Essential Amino Acids (EAA)
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Amino Acids that must be obtained in the diet.
They can not be made in the body. |
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Kwashiorkor
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Protein deficiency disease
*Often see edema of the extremities, torso & face.* |
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Marasmus
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Severe undernourishment causing an infant's or child's weight to be significantly low for their age.
***Inadequate food intake-->starvation*** |
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Incomplete Protein
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A protein that is missing amino acids to make it complete Examples Beans, nuts, grains, peanutbutter
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Vegan
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An individual who excludes food from their diet that has any animal product in it.
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Glucose
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A Monosaccharide
Also called "dextrose or blood sugar" The main currency for the body's fuel source that suplies energy |
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Soluble Fiber
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Disolves in water.
Examples: Fruits, Vegetables, grains, beans, oats & apples. |
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Amino Acid
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A molecule containing both an amine & carboxyl group
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Complementary Protein
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A Protein that is incomplete by itself, but together with another protein will provide all the amino acids for a complete protein.
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Essential Fatty Acid (EFA)
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A fatty acid that must be obtained in the diet
Example: Omega 3's |
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High Density Lipoprotein (HDL's)
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Lipoproteins that cary fatty acids & Cholesterol from body tissues to the liver
**I think of these as "Heavenly" because they are the good cholesterol.** High HDL reduces the risk for heart disease. |
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Partially Hydrogenated
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Adding hydrogen to fatty acid to make them more saturated.
AKA: Transfat Are used to prolong shelf life. Found in Microwave popcorn, cake mixes, biscuit, pancake & cornbread mixes, frostings, crackers etc. |
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Trans Fat
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Fatty Acid that has been partially hydrogenated.
A small amount is naturally occuring in beef & dairy products. Most occurs by infusing vegetable oils w/hydrogen. |
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Polyunsaturated
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A fatty acid that has 2 or more double bonds.
Often found in baked goods or Nut/seed products. |
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Monounsaturated
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A fatty acid that has a single double bond in the fatty acid chain.
They are typically liquid at room temp but start to turn solid when chilled-->Olive Oil |
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Phospholipid
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A principal component of the myelin sheaths of neurons. Makes up 40% of cell membrane
(structural component in enamel & dentin) |
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Health Claims
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Are posted on the front of the food package to entice shopers looking for a certain benefit from their food.
"Fat Free" " No Trans Fat" |
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Organic
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A food grower must prove they were able to produce the food in a way that was food for the earth. 95% of the ingredients used must have been organice.
Nurtured without synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, antibiotics, hormones of genetic engineering. |
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100% Natural
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Is ment to reveal that there are no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives in the food product.
**Doesn't necessarily mean the food product is good for you.** |