Nutrition Vocab And Food Choices

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Anthropometric measurements

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Chyme

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A mass comprised of the food bolus, water, and digestive enzymes

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Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI's)

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An organization that provides a standard for identifying needed amounts of each nutrient.

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Enteral nutrition

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tube feedings

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Essential nutrient

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Needed for the bodies survival like water

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Fiber

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dietary fiber is a polysaccharide carbohydrate and contributes to disease prevention, especially in the gastrointestinal tract and the cardiovascular system

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Hunger

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Is a bothersome feeling that makes individuals think of food and encourages them to satisfy this feeling by eating.

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Kilocalorie

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is a term that identifies the energy-producing ability of nutrients.

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Lacto-ovo-vegetarin

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include eggs in their no meat diets

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Lacto-vegetarian

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They eat milk

cheese

dairy foods but avoid meat ,fish, poultry, and eggs

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Lipids

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also known as fats ar substances that disolve in alcohol but not in water

They serve as a secondary source of fuel for the body.

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Macronutrient

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because the body needs them in large amounts to maintain health and well-being

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vitamins and minerals are considered__________ because they are needed in smaller amounts

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Micronutrients

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Mineral

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are salts dissolved in water and in this state they carry an electrical charge and are referred to as electrolytes

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Myplate

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outlines suggested food intake by food groups

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Nutrient density

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refers to the ratio of good nutrients to the calories a food contains

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Nutrients

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Nutrition

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Overnutrition

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Parenteral nutrition (PN)

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is the intravenous administration of amino acids, often with added carbohydrates, fats, electrolytes, vitamins and minerals

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Food Choices

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are based on a number of factors such as

• taste
  
• smell
  
• habits
  
• convenience
  
• packaging
  
• emotion
  
• body image
  
• health benefits
  

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Taste factors

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• previous experiences
  
• preparation/cooking methods
  
• medication side effects
  
• aging (loss of taste buds)
  

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Smell

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• Pleasing aromas initiate hunger reflex
  
• bad smells diminish interest
  
• lack of familiarity
  

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Habits

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people eat what is familiar

toddlers get food jags

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Convenience

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• Time
  
• Transportation
  
• Ease of preparation
  

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Packaging

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Attractive packaging influences choice

Appearance of food overall

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emotion

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social experience, reinforcement

Loneliness may impact food choice, intake

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Body Image

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Choices that promote appropriate weight food restriction to lose weight

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Health Benefits

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• Foods that meet specific health needs
  
• Foods that cause a hyersensitivity reaction or intolerancy
  
• foods that promote appropriate overall good health.
  

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vegan

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eats only foods of plant origin

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to facilitate the absorption of iron a person should be sure to intake enough ____

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Vitamin C

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Satiety

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is the feeling of fullness and satisfaction that should inhibit eating until the next meal.

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food security

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members of the household had just sufficient resources to access appropriate quantities and variety of food.

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food insecurity

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one or more members of a household must reduce their eating patterns due to a lack of money or or resources to access appropriate amounts and variety of food.

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Nutrients

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are substances found in food that the body needs for growth as well as for maintenance and repair.

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carbohydrates

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are organic components of food that supply energy in the form of calories to the body.

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Saturated fats

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contain all the material they are capable of holding (as many hydrogen ions they can hold)

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Unsaturated fats

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If hydrogen ions are missing

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which are more healthy unsaturated or saturated fats?

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unsaturated fats

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proteins

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are naturally occurring substances that consist of amino acids. They are essential components of all living organisms

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Vitamins

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micronutrient compounds that are involved in regulating body funtioning. They do not provide calories and cannot be manufactured

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What two vitamins are not consumed through intake?

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Vit D and K

D through the sun and K through bacteria in the intestines.