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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Heartburn |
after eating acidic foods (spicy, fatty) sphincter opens upward and acidic food enters into esophagus (no mucus layer) symptoms: burning in esophagus, chronic cough, ear/nose/throat ailments |
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Gastroesophageal Reflux |
aggravated by: reclining after eating, stress, increased intra-abdominal pressure (cough,strain,bend,obesity,preg,trauma) increase acid secretion |
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GERD Treatment |
reduce intra-abdominal pressure and gastric acid production avoid certain foods patient identify food triggers |
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Vomiting |
reverse perstalsis (going opposite direction) get rid of things in stomach (bac, virus, eat too much) loss of fluids and electrolytes can cause dehydration |
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Constipation |
defecation with straining to pass hard, dry stools slow movement of feces through colon waste in colon too long- keeps absorbing fiber enhances peristalsis physical activity increases blood flow |
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Diarrhea |
passing of loose, watery bowel movement can't absorb electrolytes bac/viral infection, lac intol, spoiled foods, stress dehydration risk- infants and older adults |
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Dysphagia |
can't chew/swallow adequately diet must meet nutrition needs prevent aspiration (protect airwave) strokes (CVA), blood supply cut off
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Dysphagia Nutrition Therapy |
individualized diet based on swallowing ability and food pref solid foods and liquids eval and modified- watch where the food goes (texture,cohesiveness,density,viscosity,consistency,temp,taste) |
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Patient Positioning |
safest eating is upright gravity can help passage of food along esophagus (prevent choking/aspiration) can't sit unassigned- raise head of bed or use pillows/wedges |
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Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) |
break/ulceration (impairment of tissue) in protective mucosal lining of lower esophagus, stomach, duodenum exposed to acid= digest stomach wall cut in GI wall- small intestine bleeding meds can cause GI bleeding chronic- can be slow/small (anemia) deep ulcers penetrate mucosa and damage blood vessels (hemorrhage)
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causes for PUD |
infection with H Pylori (80% of ulcers) weakens protective mucosal layer of stomach and duodenum (gastric acid damage epith tissue) treat with antibiotics reduce stomach acidity, relieve symptoms, heal ulcer, prevent recurrence, avoid complications |
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nutrition therapy for PUD |
bland diet (no evidence it improves symptoms or ulcer healing) individualized diet- avoid foods that are associated with symptoms patient tells triggers eat healthy diet |
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Celiac Disease |
small intestine disease gluten-sensitive enteropathy body attacks itself mucosa of small intestine (duodenum/prox jejunum) damage villi- toxic reaction people with Type I diabetes |
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damaged Villi in Celiac Disease |
shrinking, inflamed villi variety of symptoms use "differential" no energy, feel sick do not eat gluten |
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symptoms of Celiac Disease |
diarrhea abdominal distention fat malabsorption weight loss many have no gastrointestinal symptoms and are asymptomatic |
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Celiac Disease nutrition therapy |
gluten removed no BROW: barley, rye, oats, wheats |
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) |
2 idiopathic (unknown cause disease) inflammatory conditions of intestine: CUC- inflame disease of colon Chrons- infect anywhere in GI (most small int) both cause diarrhea (profuse/bloody) may have no symptoms for some time IBD: chronic pain, bloating, bowel habits from time to time |
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IBD symptoms |
abdominal pain clinical signs: intestinal bleeding, protein loss, fever nutritional depletion |
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IBD causes of nutritional depletion |
decreased intake malabsorption increased nutrient loss increased nutrient use drug-nutrient interactions certain drugs help prevent |
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IBD nutrition therapy |
replace nutrients lost from inflammatory process correct deficits maintain energy, nitrogen, fluid, and electrolyte balance attention given to intestinal resection |
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Diverticular Disease |
pockets in large intestine due to lack of fiber difficult passage in colon |
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Diverticulitis |
itis-inflammation acute stages- nutrition therapy individualized to tolerance low fiber, soft diet nothing per oral diverticule don't go away but inflammation stops |
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Diverticulosis |
existence of pockets high fiber (nuts, corn, seeds) added sources of soluble/insoluble fiber, supplements, fiber supplemented food and water any added fiber is good |
