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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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glucose- most abundant
found in fruits and vegies fructose- is the sweetest galacttose are examples of |
monosaccharides
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complex carbs
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starch and fiber
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starch is stored where?i
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in plants
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what are the three disacharides ?
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lactose (milk sugar)
maltose (malt sugar) sucrose (table sugar_) |
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sucrose = what plus what?
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glucose + fructose
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maltose = what plus what?
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glucose + glucose
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lactose = what plus what?
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galactose + glucose
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high fructose corn syrup:
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blamed for obsesity.
sweet + inexpensive. does not trigger insulin release glucose preferred fuel source. lower insulin = high appetite. no satiety signals |
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fiber is what carb?
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complex carb.
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fiber does what with water?
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binds with water to loosen stools
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soluble fiber-
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beans and oats, citrus, fruits and berries.
food stays in tummy longer. promotes satiety lower cholesterol in blood higher satiety lower blood glucose. |
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insoluble fiber
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for constipation.
not digested. vegetables, wheat, whole grains. lower colon cancer lower diverticulosis lower hemroids speeds through GI tract Promote regularity |
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Functions of Carbs:
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energy,
glucose only fuel source to enter brain and red blood cells. fuel for excersise. Broken down quickly. |
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carbs begin in
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mouth BY SALIVARY AMYLASE
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carbs: majority of digestion in
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small Intestine/ PANCREOTIC AMYLASE
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liver does what to carbs?
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converts sugars to glucose. if not needed turns rest into glycogin.
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Insulin is secreated when blood glucose is
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high
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Insulin
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transports glucose into cells
lowers blood glucose stimulates liver and muscles to store glucose as glycogin. |
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glucagon is secreted when blood glucose is
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low
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what is the normal fasting blood glucose?
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70-110
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what number means its low for glucagon
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70 or lower
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glucagon
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high blood glucose
assists with breakdown of body protines to amino acids for making glucose. |
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glycemic index
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potential of certain foods to raise blood sugar.
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glycemic load
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amounts of CHO x glycemic index.
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sucralose = splenda which is
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the most sweet 600x + heat stable
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acesulfame potasium - sweet one
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200x and heat stable
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aspertane- nutra sweet equal
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160-200x not heat stable
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