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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name 5 functions of the digestive system in order.
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1. Ingestion
2.Grinding 3.Digestion 4.Absorption 5.Elimination |
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Name 7 parts of the Digestive system.
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1. mouth
2. pharnyx 3. esophagus 4. stomach 5. small intestine 6. large intestine 7. Accessory glands |
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Name 3 Accessory glands.
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1. Salivary Glands
2. liver 3. pancreas |
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4 layers on the digestive tract, Inside to out.
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1. Mucosa
2. sub-mucosa 3. muscle 4. serosa |
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What are 4 things the mouth is used for?
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1. grinding
2. prehensile mechanism 3. defensive weapon 4. offensive weapon |
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5 things that make up the mouth.
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1.teeth
2. tongue 3. lips 4. cheeks 5. muscle |
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What are incisors?
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front teeth, numbered from center of mouth laterally
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What are canines?
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eye teeth, bridle teeth, tusks or tushes . are normally absent in the mare, gelding or ruminant
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Where are the premolars?
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cheek teeth
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What are the molars?
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cheek theeth
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What is Brachydont?
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short crown, canine, feline
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What is hypsodont?
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long crown, herbivores
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What is the Tongue?
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mass of muscle covered by mucous membrane.
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What 4 things the tongue is covered with?
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1.papillae
2 Filiform 3. Fungiform 4. circumvallate |
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Which 3 covers the tongue for taste?
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1.Filiform 2.Fungiform 3.circumvallate
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What is circumvallate?
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large circular projections surrounded by a deep grooves
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What is Filiform?
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hairlike in appearance these give the horse its velvety feel
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What is Fungiform?
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shaped like a toadstool; contain taste buds
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What is Foliate?
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resemble leaves and also contain taste buds
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In what 3 animals are their lips prehensile?
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horses, sheep and goats.
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Do dogs and cats of prehensile lips?
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somewhat (like grinning or smiling)
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What does the hard palate do?
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forms the roof of the mouth
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What is Lampers?
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A condition in horses causes an inflammation of the mucosa of the hard palate.
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Where is the soft palate and what does it do?
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lies directly behind the hard and separates the mouth from the pharnyx
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What are Tonsils?
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lymphoid tissue
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What are 3 types of tonsils?
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1. Palatine
2. Lingual 3. pharyngeal |
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Who has the palatine tonsils?
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man and dog
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Who has the lingual tonsils and where is it located?
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horse, cow and pig; located at the base of the tongue
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What are adenoids?
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enlargement of the pharyngeal tonsils
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What is the Pharynx?
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a common passage way for food and air
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What are the 5 openings of the pharynx?
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1. mouth
2. 2 nares 3. 2 eustachian tubes 4. esophagus 5. larynx |
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What is the esophagus and where is it located?
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muscular tube extending from the pharynx to the stomach. Is located dorsal to the trachea.
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Where is the simple stomach located?
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behind the left side of the diaphragm
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What are gastric pits?
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depressions in which the entire surface of the epithelium of the stomach is enfolded into
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What is the lamina propria filled with and what does it empty into?
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filled with glands that empty into the gastric pits.
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Name the 3 glands of which the lamina propria is filled with.
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1. cardiac glands
2.pyloric glands 3. fundic glands |
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Where is the cardiac gland and what does it produce?
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closest to the cardia, produces mucus
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Where is the pyloric gland and what does it produce?
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located in the pylorous region; produces mucus and gastrin
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Where is the Fundic gland?
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throughout the remainder of the stomach.
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What does the Fundic gland contain?
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parietal cells and chief cells
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What do parietal cells produce?
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hydrochloric acid
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What do cheif cells produce?
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pepsinogen and rennin
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How is pepsin formed?
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the pepsinogen is split by the HCl to form it
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What is pepsin?
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the main component of digestive gastric juices
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What are the 4 parts of the ruminant stomach?
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1. Rumen
2. Reticulum 3. Omasum 4. Abomasum |
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What is the Reticulum known as?
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the honeycomb. where Traumatic Reticular pericarditis or "Hardware Disease" occurs
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What is the Rumen?
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Large muscular portion that is the fermenting vat for feed. Rumenal Tympany occurs here.
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What does the omasum serve to do?
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to grind roughage before it enters the abomasum
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What is the Abomasum?
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True stomach where digestion actually begins
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What are the 3 parts of the small intestine?
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1. Duodenum
2. Jejunum 3. Ileum |
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What is the Duodenum?
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Ducts from the pancreas and liver enter here to excrete enzymes to aid in digestion.
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What is special about the small intestine?
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where most nutrient absorption occurs
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What is the Large Intestine?
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consists of the cecum and the colon.
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What large intestine is the most complex of all domestic animals?
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Equine
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Name 5 parts of the Lg intestine.
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1. Cecum
2. right ventral colon 3. sternal flexure 4.pelvic flexure 5. diaphragmatic flexure |
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Where is the crypts of lieberkuhn located?
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between the villi
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what does the crypts of lieberkuhn do?
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secretes the mucus and in the small intestine secretes the enzyme enterokinase.
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Where is the Brunners glands and what do they do?
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located in the duodenum; secrete mucus
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Where is the peyer's patches?
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lymph nodules located in the ileum
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What does the Auerbach's plexus do?
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nerve supply
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Name the 3 pairs of glands and the other item that makes up the salivary glands
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1. Parotid
2. Mandibular 3. Submandibular and scattered lobules |
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What is the pancreas?
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a lobulated organ located between the liver, kidneys and stomach
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What does Pancreatic amylase serve to do?
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to break down starches
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What does Pancreatic lipase serve to do?
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to break down fats
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Where is the liver located?
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immediately behind the diaphragm and to the right side of the abdomen
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What does the liver have?
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varying numbers of lobes or sections depending on the species
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What are some of the various functions of the liver?
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storage and filteration of blood; secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances.
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