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67 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Name 5 functions of the digestive system in order.
1. Ingestion
2.Grinding
3.Digestion
4.Absorption
5.Elimination
Name 7 parts of the Digestive system.
1. mouth
2. pharnyx
3. esophagus
4. stomach
5. small intestine
6. large intestine
7. Accessory glands
Name 3 Accessory glands.
1. Salivary Glands
2. liver
3. pancreas
4 layers on the digestive tract, Inside to out.
1. Mucosa
2. sub-mucosa
3. muscle
4. serosa
What are 4 things the mouth is used for?
1. grinding
2. prehensile mechanism
3. defensive weapon
4. offensive weapon
5 things that make up the mouth.
1.teeth
2. tongue
3. lips
4. cheeks
5. muscle
What are incisors?
front teeth, numbered from center of mouth laterally
What are canines?
eye teeth, bridle teeth, tusks or tushes . are normally absent in the mare, gelding or ruminant
Where are the premolars?
cheek teeth
What are the molars?
cheek theeth
What is Brachydont?
short crown, canine, feline
What is hypsodont?
long crown, herbivores
What is the Tongue?
mass of muscle covered by mucous membrane.
What 4 things the tongue is covered with?
1.papillae
2 Filiform
3. Fungiform
4. circumvallate
Which 3 covers the tongue for taste?
1.Filiform 2.Fungiform 3.circumvallate
What is circumvallate?
large circular projections surrounded by a deep grooves
What is Filiform?
hairlike in appearance these give the horse its velvety feel
What is Fungiform?
shaped like a toadstool; contain taste buds
What is Foliate?
resemble leaves and also contain taste buds
In what 3 animals are their lips prehensile?
horses, sheep and goats.
Do dogs and cats of prehensile lips?
somewhat (like grinning or smiling)
What does the hard palate do?
forms the roof of the mouth
What is Lampers?
A condition in horses causes an inflammation of the mucosa of the hard palate.
Where is the soft palate and what does it do?
lies directly behind the hard and separates the mouth from the pharnyx
What are Tonsils?
lymphoid tissue
What are 3 types of tonsils?
1. Palatine
2. Lingual
3. pharyngeal
Who has the palatine tonsils?
man and dog
Who has the lingual tonsils and where is it located?
horse, cow and pig; located at the base of the tongue
What are adenoids?
enlargement of the pharyngeal tonsils
What is the Pharynx?
a common passage way for food and air
What are the 5 openings of the pharynx?
1. mouth
2. 2 nares
3. 2 eustachian tubes
4. esophagus
5. larynx
What is the esophagus and where is it located?
muscular tube extending from the pharynx to the stomach. Is located dorsal to the trachea.
Where is the simple stomach located?
behind the left side of the diaphragm
What are gastric pits?
depressions in which the entire surface of the epithelium of the stomach is enfolded into
What is the lamina propria filled with and what does it empty into?
filled with glands that empty into the gastric pits.
Name the 3 glands of which the lamina propria is filled with.
1. cardiac glands
2.pyloric glands
3. fundic glands
Where is the cardiac gland and what does it produce?
closest to the cardia, produces mucus
Where is the pyloric gland and what does it produce?
located in the pylorous region; produces mucus and gastrin
Where is the Fundic gland?
throughout the remainder of the stomach.
What does the Fundic gland contain?
parietal cells and chief cells
What do parietal cells produce?
hydrochloric acid
What do cheif cells produce?
pepsinogen and rennin
How is pepsin formed?
the pepsinogen is split by the HCl to form it
What is pepsin?
the main component of digestive gastric juices
What are the 4 parts of the ruminant stomach?
1. Rumen
2. Reticulum
3. Omasum
4. Abomasum
What is the Reticulum known as?
the honeycomb. where Traumatic Reticular pericarditis or "Hardware Disease" occurs
What is the Rumen?
Large muscular portion that is the fermenting vat for feed. Rumenal Tympany occurs here.
What does the omasum serve to do?
to grind roughage before it enters the abomasum
What is the Abomasum?
True stomach where digestion actually begins
What are the 3 parts of the small intestine?
1. Duodenum
2. Jejunum
3. Ileum
What is the Duodenum?
Ducts from the pancreas and liver enter here to excrete enzymes to aid in digestion.
What is special about the small intestine?
where most nutrient absorption occurs
What is the Large Intestine?
consists of the cecum and the colon.
What large intestine is the most complex of all domestic animals?
Equine
Name 5 parts of the Lg intestine.
1. Cecum
2. right ventral colon
3. sternal flexure
4.pelvic flexure
5. diaphragmatic flexure
Where is the crypts of lieberkuhn located?
between the villi
what does the crypts of lieberkuhn do?
secretes the mucus and in the small intestine secretes the enzyme enterokinase.
Where is the Brunners glands and what do they do?
located in the duodenum; secrete mucus
Where is the peyer's patches?
lymph nodules located in the ileum
What does the Auerbach's plexus do?
nerve supply
Name the 3 pairs of glands and the other item that makes up the salivary glands
1. Parotid
2. Mandibular
3. Submandibular
and scattered lobules
What is the pancreas?
a lobulated organ located between the liver, kidneys and stomach
What does Pancreatic amylase serve to do?
to break down starches
What does Pancreatic lipase serve to do?
to break down fats
Where is the liver located?
immediately behind the diaphragm and to the right side of the abdomen
What does the liver have?
varying numbers of lobes or sections depending on the species
What are some of the various functions of the liver?
storage and filteration of blood; secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances.