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37 Cards in this Set

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Q. Most important aspect of food labels
1. Always read INGREDIENTS, which never lie.
2. “Sugar”: Have patients ignore it
3. Diabetic patients: TOTAL CHO (-) FIBER.
Q. Calorie Number in kcal/gm
Fat?
Carbs & Protein?
Fat 9 kcal/gm
carbs & protein 4 kcal/gm
Q. Gross deficiencies of major constituents of diets nutrients 5?
Iron, B12, Magnesium, Iodine, Folate,
Q. Functions of nutrients in the body 4?
Enzymatic Factors
Supply energy
promote growth and repair
regulate body processes
Q. Acceptable Macronutrient Intake Ranges: National Academy of Sciences?
Lipids: 20-35%
Proteins: 10-35%
carbs: 45-65%
Q. What breaks down chylomicron into free fatty acids for absorption into cells
Lipoprotein lipase
Q. Recommendations of fats average percentage?
Monounsaturated fats: up to 20%
Polyunsaturated fats: up to 10%
Saturated fat: less then 10% of total calories
Q. Fats are categorized by two things?
Length of their carbon chains.
How saturated or unsaturated they are.
Q. Short chained number of carbons & name?
less then 6 carbons long: Butyric (4).
Q. Medium chained number of carbons & name?
8-12 carbons long: Capric (10), Lauric (12)
Q. Long chained number of carbons, name 3?
Greater then 12 carbons long (14-18).
Stearic (18), Palmitic (16), Myristic (14).
Q. Short chain fatty acid is good for what?
What does it promote there?
What food is it in?
Colon & small intestine.
Can promote bacteria flora in the intestine.
Butter.
Q. Medium chain fatty acid is good for what? What 3 foods are they in?
Energy production especially in athletes. Good for immune system
Found in Canola, coconut, almond
Q. Saturated fat problems, 2 things?
CLotting, pro-inflammatory
Q. What is the probable cause to disease according to mona?
Lack of essential fatty acids, not saturated fats
Q. Ansel keys said what, and when?
Fat is bad for you, 1960.
Q. 1977 McGovern-Dole Senate Committee published “Dietary Goals for the United States”. Who wrote it? What did he say to avoid?
Nick Motten.
Avoid meat, eggs, dairy
Q. Reducing CHO will lower what type of cholesterol?
Dense LDL cholesterol
Q. How does saturated fat help bones?
Binds calcium to bones.
Q. True or False.
Saturated fat is needed for brain cognition? Saturated fat is needed for immune system?
True.

True.
Q. Name 2 monounsaturated fatty acids and corresponding oils?
Oleic acid-Olive oil
Eruric Acid-Canola Oil
Q. what tissue is oleic acid high in?
Nervous tissue
Q. Polyunsaturated oil: 2 types?
What are they found in?
Omega 3: Alpha Linolenic
Omega 6: linoeic acid

Vegetable oils, fish flesh, dairy, plant oils
Q. Delta 9-desaturase does what?
Turns lard into olive oil. saturated into monounsaturated.
Q. D-saturase system need what to function?
B3, B6, Zn, Mg, Vitamin C
Q. Name some vitamins which interfere with D6 Desaturase?
Are they active in infants?
Biotin, Vit E, Protein.
NO
Q. EPA does what for the body?
Supports gastric mucous lining
Q. Gamma Linoleic acid does what for the body? Name 3 oils with GLA?
Enchances mucin in stomach.
Black currant oil, Evening primrose oil, Borage oil.
Q. Linoleic Acid (omega 6) affects what?
Skin & Gonads. Exzema, PMS
Q. Alpha Linolenic Acid (Omega 3) affects what?
Brain & vision
Q. PG 1 does what for the body?
enhances mucin production in the stomach
Q. PG2 does what for the body?
Increase contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessels--> increase BP
Q. At what temp should cold pressed be under?
120F
Q. The best type of oil to use?
Supplement oil
Q. 3 Benefits of Trans fat?
Emulsification and spreadibility, mouth feel, doesnt go rancid
Q. Most common Trans Fat produced in processed food?
Elaidic acid
Q. In humans trans fat acts like what other type of fat?
Saturated fat