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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
alimentary calanal
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oral cavity
pharynx esophagus stomach small intestines (duodenum,jejenum,ileum) large intestine(cecum,colon, rectum) |
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accessory organs
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salivary glands
liver gall bladder pancreas |
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anosmia
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loss of smell thus lower capacity to detect flavor
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dysgeusia
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abnormal distortion of taste, Metalic taste
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hypogeusia
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loss of taste due to meds radiation surgery
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Saliva
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lubricates oral tissue for chewing, swallowing, digestion
removes debris and microorganisms provides antibacterial actions neutralizes, dilutes and buffers bacterial acids remuneration prevents plaque accumulation ease of speech |
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mucin
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glycoprotein that lubricates food and protects the lining of the gastrointestinal tract
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ptyalin (amylase)
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enzyme that initiates hydrolysis of complex carbs to simple sugars
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lysozyme (antibody )
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enzyme that breaks down cell wall of some ingested bacteria
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gastric secretions
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mucus, hydrochloric acid,enzumes,intrinsic factor
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pH of stomach benefits
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approx. pH 1.5-3.0
kills or inhibits growth of most food bacteria dentures proteins &facilitates hydrolysis to amino acids hydrolyzed some carbs increases solubility &absorption of CA &Fe |
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Pepsinogen
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produced by chief cells
capable of hydrolyzing large protein molecules into smaller fragments |
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parietal cells
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release hydrochloric acid
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intrinsic factor
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essential for absorption of vit B12 in small intestines
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gastric lipase
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involved in digestion of short & medium chain triglycerides
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pancreatic amylase
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breaks down carbs
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protein digested by
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trypsin,chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase
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lipase
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digests fat
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bile
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produced by liver stored in gallbladder
allows insoluble molecules to be divided into smaller particles (emulsification) |
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duodenum
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absorbs electrolytes
minerals Fe,Ca,Mg,Zn |
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Jejunum
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absorbs water soluble vit: C,thiamine,riboflavin,B6,folic acid
mono & disaccharides |
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Ileum
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absorbs protein
fat soluble vit A,K,E,D fat/cholesterol vit B12 |
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Cecum
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absorbs water
electrolytes Na and K |
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Colon
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additional digestion of materials occurs
bacteria synthesizes vit K,B12,thiamine,riboflavin intestinal flora ferment CHO and fiber |
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large intestine microflora
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synthesize vit K,B12,thiamin,riboflavin
boost immune system inhibit pathogenic bacteria |
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3 gluten conditions
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ciliacs disease
wheat allergy gluten sensitivity |
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celiacs disease
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autoimmune disorder
causes body to form antibodies to one's own tissue damages microvilli in small intestines = no nutrients absorption |