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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hunger
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Physical need fir food
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Thirst
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Physical need for water
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Appetite
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Psychological desire to eat or drink
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Electrolytes
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Charged particles. Lost by vomiting or diarhea
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GI TRACT
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gastrointestinal tract
Body area containing organs of digestive tract Extends from mouth to anus |
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Digestive process
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Breakdown of foods into absorbs components via mechanical & chemical means
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Enzymes
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Produce chemical changes or catalyze chemical reactions
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Lumen
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Interior of the digestive tract
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Mechanical digestion
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Breaking down food via chewing or grinding, or moving food thru GI tract via peristalsis
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Peristalsis
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Muscles around organs of GI tract constrict in wavelike manner to help food move along
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Chemical digestion
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Breaking down of food with enzymes or digestive juices
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Absorption
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Digested nutrients move into tissues where they can be transported & used by cells
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Saliva
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Moistens food & makes it easier to swallow
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Mucus
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Viscous slippery secretions found in saliva & other digestive juices
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Avg amount of absorption
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92-97% of nutrients in foods
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Pharynx
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The throat
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Bolus
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Chewed mass of food
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Epiglottis
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Flaps of tissue that protects trachea while swallowing
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Esophagus
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Tubes that extend fm throat to stomach
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Esophagus
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Tubes that extend fm throat to stomach
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LES
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Lower esophageal sphincter
Circular band of muscles between esophagus & stomach that opens & closes to allow food to enter stomach |
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Esophagus
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Tubes that extend fm throat to stomach
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LES
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Lower esophageal sphincter
Circular band of muscles between esophagus & stomach that opens & closes to allow food to enter stomach |
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Stomach
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Holds food after esophagus & before small intestine
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Esophagus
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Tubes that extend fm throat to stomach
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LES
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Lower esophageal sphincter
Circular band of muscles between esophagus & stomach that opens & closes to allow food to enter stomach |
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Stomach
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Holds food after esophagus & before small intestine
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HCl
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Hydrochloric acid
Digestive acid made in stomach Also helps kill microorganisms & lowrs Ph in stomach |
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Gastrin
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Digestive hormone produced by stomach that stimulates digestive acty & increases motility & emptying
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Gastrin
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Digestive hormone produced by stomach that stimulates digestive acty & increases motility & emptying
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Chyme
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Liquid combo of partially digested food, water, HCl & digestive enzymes
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Gastrin
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Digestive hormone produced by stomach that stimulates digestive acty & increases motility & emptying
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Chyme
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Liquid combo of partially digested food, water, HCl & digestive enzymes
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Pepsin
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Digestive enzyme produced in stomach that breaks down pritein
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Pyloric sphincter
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At bottom of stomach that separates the pylorus from the duodenum of small intestine
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Small intestine
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Duodenum
Jejunum Ileum Longest part of gi tract Most digestion & absorption occurs in small intestine |
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Segmentation
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Sloshing motion that mixes chyme with chemical secretions of intestines
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Pendular movement
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Constrictive wave
Fwd & reverse motions Moves chyme Enhances nutrient absorption |
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Pendular movement
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Constrictive wave
Fwd & reverse motions Moves chyme Enhances nutrient absorption |
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Villi
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Projections on small intestine wall that increae surface area over which nutrients can be absorbed
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Ileocecal sphincter
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Between end of small intestine & start of large intestine
Prevents backfliw of fecal contents |
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Large intestine
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Final organ of GI tract
Consists of: Cecum Appendix Colon Rectum |
