Nutrition - Ch 1

Front 1

The methodical study of food, food components, and eating behavior on the metabolism, health, disease, and performance of humans and animals

Back 1

Nutrition science

Front 2

Nutrients support the body by what three things?

Back 2

Growth, repair, maintenance

Front 3

Deficiencies, imbalances, excesses

Back 3

Malnutrition

Front 4

What four leading causes of death are related to nutrition?

Back 4

Heart disease, cancer, strokes, diabetes mellitus

Front 5

A disease brought on by inspection or lifestyle choices is an example of?

Back 5

An acquired disease

Front 6

And disease passed from parent to child is known as what?

Back 6

Inherited disease

Front 7

The identification of the _______ establishes the entire sequence of the genes in human ____.

Back 7

Human genome, DNA

Front 8

Nutrition plays a role in how genes are expressed–T/F?

Back 8

True

Front 9

Being well-nourished minimizes negative stress response– T/F?

Back 9

True

Front 10

________ is necessary for the body to grow and repair

Back 10

Sleep

Front 11

What is the US DHHS?

Back 11

The US Department of Health and Human Services

Front 12

Who sets specific ten-year objectives to guide national health promotion efforts?

Back 12

The US DHHS

Front 13

For the 2010 nutrition and food safety objectives, what was the results of blood cholesterol levels?

Back 13

Blood cholesterol levels had gone down

Front 14

For the 2010 nutrition and food safety objectives, what was the result of the fruit, vegetable, and whole-grain intake?

Back 14

Inadequate

Front 15

For the 2010 nutrition and food safety objectives, what were the results concerning diabetes and obesity?

Back 15

Diabetes and obesity had increased

Front 16

What are the six kinds of nutrients?

Back 16

Water, Carbohydrates, Lipids/Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals

Front 17

If something is organic, it contains what?

Back 17

Carbon

Front 18

Name the four organic nutrients.

Back 18

Carbohydrate, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins

Front 19

Name the inorganic nutrient.

Back 19

Minerals

Front 20

What are the most common elements found in the six classes of nutrients?

Back 20

Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Minerals

Front 21

In what way are the human body and food the same? In what two ways are they different?

Back 21

They are made of the same materials, but they have different arrangements in different proportions

Front 22

What are the three energy– yielding nutrients?

Back 22

Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins

Front 23

What to energy yielding nutrients yield 4 cal/gram?

Back 23

Carbohydrates and proteins

Front 24

How much energy do fats yield?

Back 24

9 cal/g

Front 25

Vitamins and minerals provide energy– T/F?

Back 25

False

Front 26

Can a person live on just supplements?

Back 26

No

Front 27

Real food is superior to supplements, true or false?

Back 27

True

Front 28

Science has not identified all components of "optimal" food intake. True or false?

Back 28

True

Front 29

In addition to their nutrients, Foods contain ________, compounds that convert color, taste, and other characteristics to foods.

Back 29

Phytochemicals

Front 30

Nutrients interact with the body to provide physical and psychological contributions. Explain this.

Back 30

The digestive organs release for nuns in response to food, and these send messages to the brain that brings the eater a feeling of satisfaction. Eating offers both physical and emotional comfort.

Front 31

If a nutrient has biological activity in the body, it is referred to as being?

Back 31

Bioactive

Front 32

Milk and milk products; meats and similar foods such as fish and poultry; vegetables, including dried beans and peas; brutes; and grains. These foods are generally considered to form the basis of a nutritious diet.

Back 32

Whole foods

Front 33

Food subjected to any process, such as mailing, alteration of texture, edition and additives, cooking, or others. Depending on the starting material and the process, a _____ food may or may not be nutritious

Back 33

Processed

Front 34

The typical consumption of food today is prepared, functional, or packaged. True or false?

Back 34

True

Front 35

What are the five characteristics of a nutritious diet?

Back 35

Adequacy. Balance. Calorie control. Moderation. Variety.

Front 36

Eating is an intentional act. True or false?

Back 36

True

Front 37

One reason why people choose certain foods is influenced by cultural and social meetings of food. Enjoying traditional cuisines and foodways can be a celebration of your own or a friends heritage. True or false?

Back 37

True

Front 38

People who eat foods of both plant and animal origin, including animal flesh.

Back 38

Omnivore

Front 39

People who exclude from their diet animal flesh and possibly other animal products such as milk, cheese, and eggs.

Back 39

Vegetarian

Front 40

What is it called when an individual cuts out all animal products from your diet, including milk, cheese, and eggs?

Back 40

Ova-Lacto vegeterian

Front 41

What are the top 3 Factors That drive food choice?

Back 41

Taste. Price. Convenience.

Front 42

What are some other factors that drive food choice? (7)

Back 42

Advertising. Availability. Emotional comfort. Have it. Preference. Social pressure. Health benefits.

Front 43

________ is a science––a field of knowledge composed organized facts

Back 43

Nutrition

Front 44

The science of nutrition is active, changing, and a growing body of knowledge. True or false?

Back 44

True

Front 45

What is the systematic process scientists use to answer questions?

Back 45

The scientific approach (the scientific method)

Front 46

What is the"Scientific challenge" and what does that have to do with developing and testing theories?

Back 46

Scientists constantly try to duplicate the work out other researchers to support or refute the original finding of "theories." Signs consist not a fax that are stained stone, but of theories that can always be challenged and revised.

Front 47

What type of study yields observations of individuals with a particular condition that may lead to possible avenues of research?

Back 47

Case study

Front 48

What kind of study focuses on whole population groups to reveal correlations between activity and an event

Back 48

Epidemiological study

Front 49

What kind of studies do researchers actively intervene to alters peoples eating habits, in which one set of subjects (experimental group) receive the treatment, and another set (The control group) go untreated or received a placebo or sham treatment?

Back 49

Intervention study

Front 50

What are the two types of intervention studies?

Back 50

Blind studies, and double-blind studies

Front 51

In which type of intervention study two participants not know which group they are in?

Back 51

Blind study

Front 52

And what type of intervention study do both researchers and participants not know which groups they are in?

Back 52

Double-blind

Front 53

Which type of study do researchers conduct experiments on animals, cells, and humans?

Back 53

Laboratory study

Front 54

"This person eats too little of nutrient X and has illness Y." This is an example of what kind of study?

Back 54

Case study

Front 55

"This country's food supply contains more nutrient X, and these people suffer less illness Y." this is example of what kind of study?

Back 55

Epidemiological Study

Front 56

"Let's add foods containing nutrient X to some peoples food supply and compare the rates of illness Y with the rights of others you don't receive the nutrients." This is an example of what kind of study?

Back 56

Intervention study

Front 57

"Now let's prove that a nutrient X deficiency causes illness Y and why by inducing a deficiency in these rats." This is an example of what kind of study?

Back 57

Laboratory study

Front 58

A study of man who ate gumdrops and became a famous dancer might suggest that an experiment be done to see if gumdrops contain dance enhancing power. To study on this man is an example of what kind of study?

Back 58

Case study

Front 59

What kind of study might find no worldwide correlation of gumdrop eating with fancy footwork but unexpectedly might reveal a correlation with tooth decay?

Back 59

Epidemiological Study

Front 60

Can I trust the media to deliver nutrition news?

Back 60

Not always. News media often sensationalize single study findings, and so may not be trustworthy sources.

Front 61

(NHANES), the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, involves what?

Back 61

Asking people what they eat, And recording measures of their health status

Front 62

What are the six stages of behavior change?

Back 62

Precontemplation. Contemplation. Preparation. Action. Maintenance. Adoption/Moving on.

Front 63

When it comes to changing behaviors, what is the next step to start making improvements? The most successful goals are set for __________, not overall outcomes.

Back 63

Set small and achievable goals. Specific behaviors.

Front 64

A measure of nutrients provided per calorie food. And nutrient dense Foods provides vitamins, minerals, another beneficial substances with relatively few calories.

Back 64

Nutrient density

Front 65

What is an example of a food that has a high nutrient density?

Back 65

Vegetables

Front 66

When asked, most people named ______ as their primary source of nutrition knowledge, with _______ A close second.

Back 66

Television. Magazines.

Front 67

Each year, consumers spend a deluge of dollars on nutrition related services and products from both legitimate and fraudulent businesses. Each year attrition and other health _______ diverse tens of billions of customer dollars from legitimate healthcare professionals.

Back 67

Fraud

Front 68

Information based on interesting and entertaining, but nonscientific, personal accounts of events.

Back 68

Anecdotal evidence

Front 69

To avoid "_________" rely on ballot nutritional information that arises from scientific research and never rely on anecdotal evidence or testimonials.

Back 69

Quackery

Front 70

When it comes to finding reliable information sources, what are some characteristics of real scientific research?

Back 70

The scientific experiments are properly designed. Lack of anecdotal evidence. Animal findings applied to humans. Findings found in scientific journals.

Front 71

To judge whether an Internet site offers reliable nutritional information, what questions should you ask?

Back 71

? Who is responsible for the site? Do the names and credentials of information providers appear? Are links with other reliable information sites provided? Is the site updated regularly? Is the site selling a product or service? Does the site charge a fee to get access?

Front 72

Who are the true nutrition experts?

Back 72

Members in the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs), certified diabetes educators, public health nutritionists, dietetic technicians (DT),

Front 73

What are ways of detecting fake credentials of self-proclaimed nutritionists?

Back 73

Must have about sort of science degree in food science and human nutrition from an accredited college or university. In some cases, schools posing as legitimate institutions are actually diploma mills–– Fraudulent businesses that sell certificates of competency to anyone who pays the fee.