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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Amino acids |
Organic compounds that form protein, is used by the body to build and repair tissuechch |
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Cholesterol |
A substance that is made in the liver & found in animal fats, can produce fatty deposits |
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Deficiencies |
Conditions that are below normal intake of something |
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Digestion |
Converting food into chemical substances that we can use in our bodies |
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Diverticulosis |
Hernias in the muscle layer of the colon |
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Free radicals |
Compounds with at least one unpaired electron & makes the compounds unstable and highly reactive (causing cancer) |
Extremely small (air particles) |
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Hydrogenated |
Combined with, exposed to hydrogen |
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Osteoporosis |
Bone loss, lack of calcium |
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Registered dietitian (RD) |
Someone who is concerned with maintaining and promoting health & treating certain diseases with diet |
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Triglyceride |
A fatty acid and glycerol compound that combines with a protein to make high or low lipoprotein |
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Vertigo |
Dizziness |
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What are some of the health problems related with poor nutrition? |
Anemia, cancer, constipation, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, high-blood pressure, osteoporosis, stroke |
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What are some reasons for people's food choices? |
Cultural, habit, what they can afford, convenience, emotional comfort, routine, positive experience, health and weight |
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What is metabolism? |
The process where nutrients are used for the growth of energy and excretion of waste |
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Anabolism |
The building up of amino acids to form protein |
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Catabolism |
The breaking down phase when larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones |
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What are the 3 basic functions of nutrients in the body? |
Provide fuel, build and repair tissue, regulate metabolic processes |
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What is basal metabolic rate (BMR) ? |
The amount of energy used by a fasting and resting person to maintain vital functions |
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What is a calorie |
Unit of heat energy |
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Why does obesity occur? |
When more calories are consumed than expended |
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What is an essential nutrient? |
Can't be made inside the body, must be consumed as part of your diet |
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What is a nonessential nutrient? |
Can be made in the body, doesn't have to be included in our diet (ex: cholesterol and vitamin d) |
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What is a carbohydrate? (CHO) |
Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (made from plants) |
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What are the 3 groups of carbohydrates? |
Simple sugars, complies carbohydrates, dietary fiber |
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What is dietary fibers commonly called? And what part of the plant is it? |
Roughage, it is the portion of the plant that can't be digested or absorbed |
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What is soluble fibers? |
(Bran, peas, beans, fruits) lowers blood cholesterol |
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What is insoluble fibers? |
(Whole grains and beans) promotes regular bowel movement which prevents constipation and hemorrhoids |
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What are fats? |
The storage form of fuel |
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What are the fat-soluble vitamins? |
A,d,e, & k |
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What is adipose tissue? |
The storage form of fat in the body |
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What is a unsaturated fat? |
Can take more hydrogen which makes it lighter and less dense |
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What is a saturated fat? |
Contains all of hydrogen possible which makes it heavier |
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What is low density lipoprotein? (LDL) |
Bad cholesterol |
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What is high lipoprotein? (HDL) |
Good cholesterol |
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What is the normal HDL range? |
30 to 80 mg/dL |
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What are some recommendations for fat consumption? |
Keep total intake level to 20% to 30% or 17g per day for a 2,000 calorie diet.
Limit cholesterol to less than 300 mg/day |
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What is a complete protein? |
Come from animal sources and have a mixture of all 8 essential amino acids |
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What is an incomplete protein? |
Doesn't have all the essential amino acids, so we have to eat a combination of different foods to complete |
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