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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Marasmus
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Deficiency of almost ALL nutrients
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Kwashiorkor
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Protein deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Alcoholic w/ peripheral neuropathy |
Vitamin B1- Thiamine Deficiency
Dry beriberi |
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What vitamin defect?
Alcoholic w/ confusion, ataxia and confabulation |
Vitamin B1- Thiamine Deficiency
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome |
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What vitamin defect?
Cheilosis, glossitis, corneal vascularization and seborrheic dermatitis |
Vitamin B2- Riboflavin Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Pellagra |
Vitamin B3- Niacin Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea |
Vitamin B3- Niacin Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Cheilosis, glossitis, anemia, neuro problems like convulsions in infants |
Vitamin B6- Pyroxidine Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Megaloblastic anemia w/ neurologic dysfunction |
Vitamin B12- Cobalmin Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Pernicious anemia |
Vitamin B12- Cobalmin Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Megaloblastic anemia w/o neurologic dysfunction |
Folic Acid Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Scurvy |
Vitamin C- Ascorbic Acid Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Defective hydroxylation of proline and lysine |
Vitamin C- Ascorbic Acid Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Bleeding gums |
Vitamin C- Ascorbic Acid Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Night blindness |
Vitamin A- Retinol Deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Squamous metaplasia of the trachea |
Vitamin A- Retinol deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Alopecia, hepatocellular damage, bone changes |
Vitamin A- Retinol toxicity
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What vitamin defect?
Rickets |
Vitamin D deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Dermatitis, enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency |
Vitamin B5- Pantothenate deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Osteomalacia |
Vitamin D deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Growth retardation, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, renal calculi |
Vitamin D toxicity
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What vitamin defect?
Hemorrhagic diathesis |
Vitamin K deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Erythrocyte fragility |
Vitamin E deficiency
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What vitamin defect?
Dermatitis and enteritis |
Biotin deficiency
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Made by intestinal microbes
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Vitamin K
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Must be activated by the liver and kidney
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Vitamin D
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Synthesized by the skin
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Vitamin D
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Used for carboxylation of glutamyl residues
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Vitamin K
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Needed for formation of mesenchymal tissue
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Vitamin C- Ascorbic acid
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Required for production of GABA
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Vitamin B6- Pyridoxine
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Cofactor for glutamate decarboxylase
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Vitamin B6- Pyridoxine
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Component of NAD and NADP
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Vitamin B3- Niacin
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Can be synthesized from tryptophan
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Vitamin B3- Niacin
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Component of FAD and FMN
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Vitamin B2- Riboflavin
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Coenzyme in carbohydrate and amino acid intermediary metabolism
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Vitamin B1- Thiamine
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Essential in a variety of oxidation-reduction processes
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Vitamin B2- Riboflavin
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Required for porphyrin synthesis
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Vitamin B6- Pyridoxine
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Constituent of CoA
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Vitamin B5- Pantothenate
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Deficiency can be induced by INH and oral contraceptives
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Vitamin B6- Pyridoxine
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Converted to a cofactor used in transamination
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Vitamin B6- Pyridoxine
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Cofactor for carboxylations
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Biotin
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Necessary as a cofactor for dopamine conversion to NE
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Vitamin C- ascorbic acid
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Most common vitamin deficiency in the US
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Folic Acid deficiency
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Coenzyme for 1-carbon transfers
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Folic Acid
(tetrahydrofolate) |
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What can be made out of:
Phenylalanine |
▶Tyrosine▶DOPA▶Dopamine▶NE▶Epinephrine
Tyrosine can also ▶Thyroxine DOPA can also ▶Melanin |
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What can be made out of:
Tryptophan |
▶Melatonin, Serotonin & Niacin(▶NAD/NADP)
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What can be made out of:
Histidine |
Histamine
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What can be made out of:
Glycine |
▶Glycine▶Porphyrin▶Heme
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What can be made out of:
Arginine |
▶Creatinine, Urea & NO
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What can be made out of:
Glutamate |
▶GABA
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What is the precursor for:
Tyrosine |
Phenylalanine
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What is the precursor for:
Thyroxine |
Phenylalanine
Phe▶tyrosine▶thyroxine |
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What is the precursor for:
DOPA |
Phenylalanine
Phe▶tyrosine▶DOPA |
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What is the precursor for:
Melanin |
Phenylalanine
Phe▶Tyr▶DOPA▶Melanin |
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What is the precursor for:
Dopamine |
Phenylalanine
Phe▶Tyr▶DOPA▶Dopamine |
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What is the precursor for:
Norepinephrine |
Phenylalanine
Phe▶Tyr▶DOPA▶Dopamine▶NE |
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What is the precursor for:
Epinephrine |
Phenylalanine
Phe▶Tyr▶DOPA▶Dopamine▶NE▶E |
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What is the precursor for:
Niacin |
Tryptophan
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What is the precursor for:
Serotonin |
Tryptophan
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What is the precursor for:
Melatonin |
▶Tryptophan
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What is the precursor for:
Histamine |
Histidine
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What is the precursor for:
Porphrin |
Glycine
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What is the precursor for:
Creatinine |
Arginine
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What is the precursor for:
Urea |
Arginine
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What is the precursor for:
Nitric Oxide |
Arginine
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What is the precursor for:
GABA |
Glutamate
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