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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How many cattle are born every year and what is the break down?
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US: 100 million
33 million beef 20-500head per herd 15 million on feed Canada: 5 million beef cattle |
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Major Breeds and where they adapt
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Bos Taurus-cold weather
British: Hereford (white neck and face and red body with droopy ears) Angus (black) Continental: Charolais (all white) Simmental (used for milk as well, black thru yellow-red) Bos Indicus (Afro-asian, tropical) Brahman (hump back) Red Sindi & Sahiwal |
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Beef Cow-Calf Cycle (seasons)
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usually calve in the spring, @pasture over the summer, wean in the fall when about 250-300kg (fattened), over winter preserved feed/pasture (late pregnancy)
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Weaned Calf (2 steps)
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Background
gain weight slowly a lot more forage than grain typically at a small farm Fattened: rapid weight gain finishing: a lot more grain than forage typically at a feed lot |
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Cow-Calf Operation (2 options)
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1. Purebred (produce breed stock)
2. Commercial (produce a weaned calf) 75-85% rate due to low conception rate *Major source of nutrition is forage -fresh or perserved pature |
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Reproductive
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Have 1st calf at 2 years old
breed heifers @ 12-15 months old % in estrus directly related to weight Adult Cows % estrus related directly to nutrition remain in heard til 10+ years usually check for pregnancy in fall sell open cows and replace with heifers |
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Body Condition Score (out of 9)
Pregnancy factor |
2- very thin (some fat over backbone but none over ribs
5-moderate (fat over ribs feels spongy) 8- fat (large fat deposits over ribs, around tailhead and below vulva) Each bs represents about 40kg BW Pregnancy rate 120 days after breeding: 5 & 6 = 86% 7 = 95% avoid below 4 (73% and below) |
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Most likely die from:
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dz: 1 or 2 out of the herd are affected
poor nutrition: whole herd affected |