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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Signs & Symptoms of Malnutrition
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* Hair dull,dry, brittle, falls out easy
* swollen glands in neck & cheeks * dry, rough, spotty skin (sandpaper feel) * poor or delayed wound healing * thin appearance lack of subcutaneous fat * muscle wasting (dec size & strength) * edema in lower extremities *weakened hand grasp * depressed mood * abnormal heart rate & rythm * abnormal BP *enlarged liver or spleen * loss of balance & coordination |
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PROTEIN
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* a vital component of every living cell
* Provides structure & framework in the body * role in fluid & acid-base balance * Used to transport substances through the blood |
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ENERGY NUTRIENTS
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CARBS
PROTEIN FAT (LIPIDS) |
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INSOLUBLE FIBER
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*NON-DIGESTIBLE CARBS THAT DON'T DISSOLVE IN WATER
*MADE FROM STRUCTURAL PARTS OF PLANT - THESE GET YOU GOING TO THE BATHROOM - INCREASED STOOL WEIGHT EX - FOUND IN FRUIT SKINS, SHELLS OF CORN KERNALS, COVERINGS OF SEEDS, BRAN, OUTER LAYER OF GRAINS INCREASE FLUID INTAKE WITH FIBER |
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FATS (LIPIDS)
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A GROUP OF WATER SOLUBLE, ENERGY YIELDING, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
COMMONLY CALLED FATS THEY INCLUDE: 1. TRIGLYCERIDES (FATS &OILS) 2. PHOSPHOLIPIDS (LECITHIN) 3. STEROLS (CHOLESTEROL) |
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CARBOHYDRATE DIGESTION
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MAJORITY OF DIGESTION IS IN SMALL INTESTINE
MONOSACCHARIDES ABSORBED THROUGH MUCOSAL CELLS & TRANSPORTED TO THE LIVER THROUGH PORTAL VEIN IN LIVER, FRUTOSE & GALACTOSE ARE CONVERTED TO GLUCOSE THE LIVER RELEASES GLUCOSE IN BLOODSTREAM |
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SOLUBLE FIBER
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EXAMPLE OATMEAL, CHEERIOS, OAT BRAN, APPLES, BARLEY, DRIED BEANS, FUITS, VEGETABLES
NON-DIGESTABLE CARBS THAT DISSOLVE TO A GUMMY, VISCOUS TEXTURE THESE LOWER CHOLESTEROL IMPROVE GLUCOSE CONTROL IN DIABETICS MAKE YOU FEEL FULL INCREASE FLUID WITH FIBER |
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CARBOHYDRATES
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SUGARS & STARCHES
PRIMARY FUNCTION IS TO SUPPLY ENERGY, WHICH INCLUDES SPARING PROTEIN |
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SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES INCLUDE
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MONOSACHARIDES (1 SUGAR)
GLUCOSE (DEXTROSE) FRUCTOSE (FRUIT SUGAR) GALACTOSE DISACCHARIDES (2) MUST HAVE GLUCOSE SUCROSE + GLUCOSE MALTOSE = GLUCOSE LACTOSE = GLUCOSE |
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ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
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BODY CAN'T MAKE
MUST BE CONSUMED THROUGH FOOD INDISPENSABLE |
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2 TYPES OF FIBER
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SOLUBLE
INSOLUBLE |
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2 KINDS OF CARBS
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SIMPLE CARBS
COMPLEX CARBS |
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CPMPLEX CARBS ARE POLYSACCHARIDES THEY INCLUDE
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1. STARCH - THE STORAGE FROM OF GLUCOSE IN PLANTS
2. GLYCOGEN - STORAGE FORM OF GLUCOSE IN ANIMALS & HUMANS 3. FIBER - CARBS & LIGNIN THAT ARE NATURAL & INTACT COMPONENTS OF PLANTS THAT CAN'T BE DIGESTED BY HUMAN ENZYMES |
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NON ESSESTIAL AMINO ACIDS
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THE BODY CAN MAKE IF NITROGEN & OTHER PRECURSORS ARE AVAILABLE
DISPENSABLE |
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PROTEIN DIGESTION
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BEGINS IN STOMACH
MOSTLY IN SMALL INTESTINE |
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AMINO ACIDS
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BUILDING BLOCKS OF PROTEIN
ESSENTIAL & NONESSENTIAL THEY ARE ALSO COMPONENTS OF ENZYMES, HORMONES, NEUROTRANSMITTERS, & ANTIBODIES |
