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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a vitamin?
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A vitamin is a class of nutrients that contain carbon and are needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth.
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What are minerals?
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Minerals are a class of nutrients that are chemical elements that are needed for certain body processes such as enzyme activity and bone formation.
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What is nutrient deficiency?
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The state of not having enough nutrients to maintain good health.
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What is a fat soluble vitamin?
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Includes Vitamins A, D, E, and K. They dissolve in fat, most can be stored in fat tissue and remain in the body for a long time.
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What is a water soluble vitamin?
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They include the eight B vitamins and C. They are not stored in the body very well. Most are needed to release energy from carbs, fats, and proteins.
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What are antioxidants?
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Substances that are able to protect body from highly chemically reactive forms of oxygen called free radicals which are normal byproducts of metabolism.
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How many essential minerals are there?
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Around twenty.
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What is the mineral that is needed for bone formation?
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Calcium
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The most common nutritional deficiency in the world?
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iron-deficiency anemia
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What percentage of the body is water?
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sixty percent of body is water
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What is dehydration?
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dehydration is when the body loses more water than is taken in.
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What is nutrition?
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Nutrition is the science or study of food and the ways in which the body uses food
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What is a nutrient?
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A nutrient is a substance in food that provides energy or helps form body tissues and is necessary for life and growth.
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What is a carbohydrate?
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A carbohydrate is a class of energy giving nutrients that includes sugars, starches, and fiber.
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What is a fat?
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A fat is a class of energy giving nutrients; it is the main form of energy storage.
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What is protein?
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Protein is an energy giving nutrient made of amino acids, are needed to build and repair body structures, and regulates body processes.
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What are the three micronutrients?
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Water, minerals, and vitamins
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what are the three macronutrients?
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fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
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What is the purpose of micronutrients?
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To regulate body processes, to keep it functioning
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What is the purpose of macronutrients?
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To give the body energy
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What is glycogen?
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Glycogen is the body's quick energy reserve. They are highly branched chains of glucose.
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WHat is the simplest form of a carb?
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sugar
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Are starches complex or simple carbs?
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complex; they can be broken down into sugars.
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What is the difference between a simple and complex carbohydrate?
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A simple carbohydrate does not take as long to break down, so it provides energy at a faster rate. Complex carbs take longer, so they stay with you longer.
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What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
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Saturated fats are solids at room temperature and unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature, so unsaturated fats are better to eat.
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What is cholesterol?
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Cholesterol is a type of lipid found in all humans/ animal tissues; they are necessary for the body to functions and they can be bad in excess. They are found in meat, eggs, dairy.
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What is an essential amino acid?
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Essential amino acids... there are nine of them and they cannot be produced by the body, so they must be obtained through food.
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What is a complete protein?
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A complete protein is one the contains the essential amino acids. example is eggs
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What is an incomplete protein and an example?
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Incomplete proteins are those that don't contain all of the essential amino acids. Example- bread and all of the grainy stuff
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