Nursing2 Ob - Murray Ch12 Summary 20110925

Front 1

Labor contractions are intermittent, which allows __, __, & __ __ to be exchanged between maternal and fetal circulations during the interval __ contractions.

Back 1

oxygen - nutrients - waste products - between

Front 2

The upper uterus contracts actively during labor, maintaining tension to pull the more passive lower __ & __ over the fetal presenting part. These actions result in cervical __ & __.

Back 2

uterus & cervix - effacement & dilation

Front 3

Maternal vital signs are best assessed __ contractions because alterations in the woman’s __ __ & __ __ may occur __ a contraction.

Back 3

between - blood pressure & pulse rate - during

Front 4

Hyperventilation may occur if the woman breathes __ & __. Its manifestations include __ of the hands and feet, __, and __.

Back 4

deeply and rapidly - tingling - numbness - dizziness

Front 5

The fetal __ __ & __ respond rapidly to events occurring during labor.

Back 5

heart rate and rhythm

Front 6

Several occurrences during late pregnancy and labor aid the newborn in making adaptations to extrauterine life: reduced production of __ __ __ and increased absorption of lung fluid into the __ of the fetal lungs; expulsion of fluid from upper __ during the compression forces of labor; and increased catecholamine secretion by the fetal __ to stimulate __ __ & __, speed __ of remaining lung fluid, and aid in __ regulation.

Back 6

fetal lung fluid - interstitium - airways - adrenals - cardiac contraction & breathing - clearance - temperature

Front 7

Four interrelated components affecting the process of birth are the __, __, __, & __. Presentation and position further describe the relation of the __ (passenger) to the maternal __ (passage).

Back 7

powers - passage - passenger - psyche - fetus - pelvis

Front 8

The mechanisms of labor favor the most efficient passage of the fetus through the mother’s __.

Back 8

pelvis

Front 9

The exact reasons for the beginning of labor are unknown, but several maternal and fetal factors seem to have a role. These include fetal adrenal gland production of __; changes in the ratio of __ to __ effects so that estrogen’s effect is __ than progesterone’s effect; increased uterine __ receptors and gap junctions; and stretching of the __ & __.

Back 9

cortisol - estrogen - progesterone - greater - oxytocin - uterus and cervix

Front 10

As labor approaches, the woman may notice one or more premonitory signs preceding its onset: increase in __ & __ of Braxton Hicks contractions, __, increased vaginal __, bloody show, a spurt of __, and __ loss.

Back 10

frequency & intensity - lightening - secretions - energy - weight

Front 11

The conclusive difference between true labor and false labor is that progressive __ & __ of the __ occur with true labor.

Back 11

effacement and dilation - cervix

Front 12

The four stages and phases of labor are characterized by different physiologic __ and maternal __: first stage, __ __ & __; second stage, __ of the fetus; third stage, expulsion of the __; and fourth stage, maternal physiologic __ and parent-infant __.

Back 12

events - behaviors - cervical dilation & effacement - expulsion - placenta - stabilization - bonding

Front 13

Normal labor is characterized by consistent progression of __ __, __ __ and __, and fetal __.

Back 13

uterine contractions - cervical dilation - effacement - descent