Nursing Respiratory

Front 1

Apneusis

Back 1

Long gasping, inspiratory phase followed by a short inadequate expiratory phase

Front 2

Kussmaul’s respiration

Back 2

Deep regular sighing respirations with an increase in respiratory rate

Front 3

Ataxic breathing

Back 3

Periods of apnea alternating irregulaly with a series of shallow breaths of equal depth

Front 4

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Back 4

Periodic breathing associated with periods of apnea, alternating regularly with a series of respiratory cycles, the respiratory cycle gradually increases then decreases in rate and depth

Front 5

Hyperpnea

Back 5

increased deph of respirations

Front 6

Adventitious breath sounds

Back 6

The term “adventitious” breath sounds refers to extra or additional sounds that are heard over normal breath sounds)

Front 7

Document dyspnea according to Grades

Grade 1

Back 7

SOB with mild exertion

Front 8

Document dyspnea according to Grades

Grade 2

Back 8

SOB while walking a short distance

Front 9

Document dyspnea according to Grades

Grade 3

Back 9

SOB with mild daily activity

Front 10

Document dyspnea according to Grades

Grade 4

Back 10

SOB at rest

Front 11

Document dyspnea according to Grades

Grade 5

Back 11

Orthopnea

Front 12

Orthopnea

Back 12

Orthopnea or orthopnoea is dyspnea
which occurs when lying flat, causing the person to have to sleep propped up in bed or sitting in a chair)

Front 13

Paroxysmal Nocturnal

Back 13

Wakes up suddenly at night unable to breathe Breathing difficulty while lying down is an abnormal condition

Front 14

Mild dyspnea

Back 14

Rate 22 - 26

Front 15

Moderate dyspnea

Back 15

Increased effort with mild accessory muscle use
Rate 28 – 34

Front 16

Severe dyspnea

Back 16

Rate high 30s – 40s
Multiple accessory muscle use

Front 17

Abdominal paradoxes

Back 17

When you breathe with belly and chest

Front 18

Symptoms of hypoxia Demeanor

Back 18

Changes in mental status #1 sign

Restlessness
Anxiety
Agitation
Decreased LOC

Front 19

Physical signs of hypoxia

Back 19

Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Dysrhythmias
Dyspnea
Cyanosis

Front 20

Hemoptysis

Back 20

is the expectoration (coughing up) of blood

Front 21

Night Sweats are traditional symptom for

Back 21

TB

Front 22

Eupnea

Back 22

Rhythym is smooth and even with expiration longer than inspiration

Front 23

Tachypnea

Back 23

Rapid superficial breathing; regular or irregular rhythm

Front 24

Bradypnea

Back 24

Slow respiratory rate; deeper than usual depth regular rhythm

Front 25

Apnea

Back 25

Cessation of Breathing

Front 26

Hyperpnea

Back 26

Increased depth of respiration with a normal to increased rate and Normal rhythm

Front 27

Cheyne-Stokes

Back 27

Periodic breathing associated with periods of apnea alterating regularly with a series of respiratory cycles; the respiratory cycle gradually increases then decreases in rate and depth

Front 28

Ataxic Breathing

Back 28

Periods of apnea alternating irregularly with a series of shallow breaths of equal depth

Front 29

Kussmauls Respiration

Back 29

deep regular sighing respirations with an increase in repiratory rate.

Front 30

Apneusis

Back 30

long, gasping inspiratory phase followed by a short, inadequate expiratory phase

Front 31

Obstructed breathing

Back 31

Long ineffective expiratory phase with shallow, increased respirations

Front 32

Crepitus

Back 32

is a medical term to describe the grating, crackling or popping sounds and sensations experienced under the skin and joints.

Front 33

Rhonchal fremitus

Back 33

also known as bronchial fremitus, is a palpable vibration produced during breathing caused by partial airway obstruction. The obstruction can be due to mucus or other secretions in the airway, bronchial hyperreactivity, or tumors. See rhonchus (rhonchi) for the auditory analog of this sign

Front 34

Resonant

Back 34

low pitched, hollow over normal lung tissue

Front 35

Hyperresonant

Back 35

louder and lower pitched indicated an increased amount of air

Front 36

Dull sounds

Back 36

thud like, heard over dense tissue (tumor or consolidation)

Front 37

Flat notes

Back 37

soft and high pitched heard over airless tissue (bone)

Front 38

Tympanic

Back 38

hollow, drum-like heard over a large air filled chamber

Front 39

Nursing Diagnoses: Respiratory Deviations

Back 39

Risk for impaired gas exchange
Risk for aspiration
Ineffective airway clearance
Risk for ineffective management of therapeutic regimen
Ineffective breathing pattern
Knowledge deficit
Ineffective individual coping
Activity intolerance
Altered nutrition: less than body requirements

Front 40

Pulmonary Function Test

Back 40

Performed in a laboratory to measure lung volume, mechanics and diffusion capabilities of the lungs
Pulmonary function includes incentive spirometery, (done first) measure airflow rates and calculation of lung volumes and capacities
Spirometery calculated by race, height, weight, sex with predicted normal values. If over 80 % of prediction, considered normal

Front 41

AFB or Acid Fast Bacilli-

Back 41

present in sputum cultures with TB

Front 42

Bronchoscopy

Back 42

Allows direct visualization of trachea and bronchial tree

Front 43

Thoracentesis

Back 43

Thoracentesis (also known as thoracocentesis or pleural tap) is an invasive procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Front 44

Pulmonary Angiogram

Back 44

Invasive procedure
Catheter into arterial system advanced to lung vasculature and dye injected to visualize arterial vessels

Front 45

Percussion

Resonant

Back 45

low pitched, hollow over normal lung tissue

Front 46

Percussion

Hyperresonant

Back 46

louder and lower pitched indicated an increased amount of air

Front 47

Percussion

Dull sounds

Back 47

thud like, heard over dense tissue (tumor or consolidation)

Front 48

Percussion

Flat notes

Back 48

soft and high pitched heard over airless tissue (bone)

Front 49

Percussion

Tympanic

Back 49

hollow, drum-like heard over a large air filled chamber

Front 50

Capnography

Back 50

Noninvasive method to determine levels of carbon dioxide

Front 51

Lung scan-

Back 51

produces visual image pf pulmonary blood flow after IV radioactive contrast. Detects pulmonary emboli and used to assess arterial perfusion of lungs.

Front 52

Ventilation scan

Back 52

pt inhales radioactive gas as a contrast medium, and radiographic exam of lungs detects non functional or lung abnormalities.

Front 53

Pulmonary Angiogram

Back 53

Invasive procedure
Catheter into arterial system advanced to lung vasculature and dye injected to visualize arterial vessels
To determine size and location of blockages

Front 54

past medicaL history to ask

Back 54

Childhood sicknesses
Infectious diseases
Immunizations (pneumovax/flu shots)
Major illnesses and hospitalizations
Medications
Allergies
Family health history
Psychosocial history

Front 55

Bronchiectasis

Back 55

is a disease that causes localized, irreversible dilation of part of the bronchial tree. It is classified as an obstructive lung disease, along with bronchitis and cystic fibrosis. Involved bronchi are dilated, inflamed, and easily collapsible, resulting in airflow obstruction and impaired clearance of secretions.

Front 56

empyema

Back 56

Presence or pus within a body cavity typically the plueral space

Front 57

sarcoidosis

Back 57

inflamatory condition effecting many organs asymptomatic diagnosed by X RAY

Front 58

Plueral effusions

Back 58

build up of fluid in plueral space causes pnuemothorax actelectasis, increa increases hydrostatic pessure

Front 59

pluerodesis

Back 59

Pleurodesis is done to prevent recurrence of pneumothorax or pleural effusion. It can be done chemically or surgically.

hemicals such as bleomycin, tetracycline, povidone iodine, or a slurry of talc can be introduced into the pleural space through a chest drain. The instilled chemicals cause irritation between the parietal and the visceral layers of the pleura which closes off the space between them and prevents further fluid from accumulating.[1].

Chemical pleurodesis is a painful procedure, so patients are often premedicated with a sedative and analgesics. A local anesthetic may be instilled into the pleural space, or an epidural catheter may be placed for anesthesia.