Nursing Research Final

Front 1

Research that is conducted to find a solution to an immediate problem. Geared toward solving a problem or to answer a current question.

Back 1

Applied Research

Front 2

Research that is conducted to generate knowledge rather than to solve immediate problems. Develops theory or test theories.

Back 2

Basic (pure) Research

Front 3

Research that is concerned with the subjective meaning of an experience to an individual.

Back 3

Qualitative Research

Front 4

Research that is concerned with objectivity, tight controls over the research situation, and the ability to generalize findings

Back 4

Quantitative Research

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First nurse to conduct research

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Florence Nightingale

Front 6

Complete set of persons or objects that possess some common characteristic that is of interest to the researcher

Back 6

Population

Front 7

Beliefs that are held to be true but have not necessarily been proven

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Assumptions

Front 8

A statement of the predicted relationship between two or more variables

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Hypothesis

Front 9

The group of people or objects to which the researcher wishes to generalize the findings of a study

Back 9

Target Population

Front 10

The group of people or object that is available to the researcher for a particular study

Back 10

Accessible population

Front 11

A subset of the target population that is selected to represent the population

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Sample

Front 12

The "effect", a response or behavior that is influenced

Back 12

Dependent Variable

Front 13

The "cause" or the variable that is thought to influence. It is manipulated by the researcher

Back 13

Independent Variable

Front 14

Defines Concepts/variables of interest

Back 14

Conceptual Definition

Front 15

The definition of a variable that identifies how the variable will be obsered or measured

Back 15

Operational Definition

Front 16

Set fourth regulations regarding the protection of research subjects, developed in 1949

Back 16

Nuremberg Code

Front 17

In 1932 US Public Health Services initiated a study of syphillis in African American men by purposely injecting them with syphillis to study natural course of diseases from onset to death

Back 17

Tuskegee Syphillis Study

Front 18

Subjects were mentally retarded children deliberately injected with hepatitis in order to obtain placement at the facility

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Willowbrook Study

Front 19

Requires researchers to differentiate threarpeutic research from nontherapeutic research

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Declaration of Helsinki

Front 20

developed in 1973, and published its first set of regulations for the protection of human subjects. resulted in the creation of the Insitutional Review Boards (IRB)

Back 20

Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare Regulations (DHEW)

Front 21

Made regulations regarding research sponsored by the Federal Government. Identified 3 ethical principles Beneficence, respect for human dignity, justice

Back 21

Belmont Report

Front 22

Do good and not harm
freedom from exploitation
benefits from research

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Beneficence

Front 23

Takes into consideration the right to self-determination and vulnerable subjects

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Respect for Human Dignity

Front 24

Takes into consideration right to fair treatment

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Justice

Front 25

The identitiy of the reseearch subjects is unknown, even to the investigator

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Anonymity

Front 26

The identity of the research subjects is known only to the study investigator

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Confidentiality

Front 27

Looks at whether or not changes in the dependent variable is due to the independent variable

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Internal Validity

Front 28

Concerned with whether or not the information can be generalized to the community outside of the study

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External Validity

Front 29

Selecting subjects that may produce the wanted results

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selection bias

Front 30

experience or pre-exposure to information that may change views which would impact findings

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History

Front 31

Changes in the subjects that occur over time which may impact the effect

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Maturation

Front 32

Knowledge of base line data impacts the effect, the information causes the change in behavior not the independent variable

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Testing

Front 33

Changes in tools used to measure the dependent variable prior to and after the introduction of the effect

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Instrumentation change

Front 34

Changes in outcomes due to subjects dropping out of the study-makes groups unequal to compare

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Mortality

Front 35

Subjects respond in a certain way because they know they are being studied

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Hawthorne Effect

Front 36

Researchers behavior influences the subjects behavior

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experimenter effect

Front 37

Researcher manipulates the variables, at least one experimental and one comparison group are included in the study

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experimental research design

Front 38

No comparsion group or random group assignment

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quasiexperimental design

Front 39

descriptive in nature because there is no manipuation or control of variables

Back 39

Nonexperimental Research