Nursing Research

Front 1

What type of research uses the terms subjects or study participants?

Back 1

quanitative

Front 2

What type of research uses the terms study participants or informants?

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qualitative

Front 3

What are abstractions or mental representations inferred from behavior or events?

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phenomena,concepts,or constructs

Front 4

What are the building blocks of theories?

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concepts

Front 5

What is a systematic explanation of some aspect of the real world?

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theory

Front 6

What variable is the presumed cause of, antecedent to, or influence on the other?

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independent

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What clarifies the abstract or theoretical meaning of a concept being studied?

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conceptual definition

Front 8

What specifies the procedures and tools required to measure a variable?

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operational definition

Front 9

When the independent determines the dependent variable, what kind of rship occurs?

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cause and effect rship or causal rship

Front 10

What kind of reasoning is the process of developing conclusions from specific observations?

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inductive

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What kind of reasoning is the process of developing specific predictions from general principles?

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deductive

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What refers to the accuracy and consistency of info obtained in a study?

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reliability

Front 13

What is a more complex concept that broadly concerns the soundness of the study's evidence?

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validity

Front 14

Reliable and valid goes with
Trustworthy goes with?

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quan
qual

Front 15

What is achieved to the extent that research methods engender confidence in the truth of the data in interpretations?

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credibility

Front 16

What is the use of multiple sources or referants to draw conclusions about what constitutes the truth?

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triangulation

Front 17

What is an influence that distorts study results?

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bias

Front 18

What is used in quantitative studies to eliminate bias?

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randomness

Front 19

What is used in qualitative research to keep biases out?

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reflexivity

Front 20

What is the process of reflecting critically on the self and noting personal values that could affect data collection and interpretation?

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reflexivity

Front 21

What is the criterion used in quanitative studies to asses the extent to which the findings can be applied to other groups and settings?

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generalizability

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What is the extent to which qual studies can be transferred to other settings?

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transferability

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What is a mechanism for promoting transferability that is rich and thorough description of the research context so that others can make inferences about contextual similarities?

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thick description

Front 24

These two types of studies are involved with quant research:

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experimental or nonexperimental

Front 25

What disciplines qualitative research rooted into? 3 things

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anthropology,sociology,and psychology

Front 26

What 3 traditions are of qualitative research?

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grounded theory, ethnography, and phenomenology

Front 27

This theory seeks to describe and understand key social psych and structural processes that occur in a social settig?

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grounded theory

Front 28

This is concerned with liven experiences and is an apporach to learning what people's life experiences are like and what they mean?

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phenomenology

Front 29

This provides a framework for studying the meanings,patterns,and experiences of a definied cultural group holistically?

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ethnography

Front 30

1.define problem
2.do lite review
3. engage in fieldwork
4.develop framework and conceptual def
5. formulate hypotheses to be tested

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conceptual phase of quanitative study

Front 31

This phase entails communicating findings and promoting their utilization?

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dissemination phase of quanitative research

Front 32

This type of study starts with a broad question that is narrowed through the actual process of data collection and analysis?

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qualitative

Front 33

What type of research has gain of entree?

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qual

Front 34

What is qual study's limits of discovering new findings?

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saturation

Front 35

IMRAD format..break it down

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i-intro-m-methods r-resilts a-analaysis discussion-d

Front 36

What is the brief synopsis of the study?

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abstract

Front 37

What are procedures for testing research hypotheses and evaluating the believability of the findings.

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statistical tests

Front 38

What are findings that are statistically significant?

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high probability of being accurate (p)

Front 39

What 5 things are found in the intro?

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central pheomena,concepts or variables under study
statement of purpose
review of the related lit
theoretical framework
significance and need of study

Front 40

What 5 things are found in a quan method section/

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design,sample,measures and data collection,study procedures

Front 41

What 4 things are found in the results section of a quan study?

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tables
name of sthe statistical tests
value of the calculated statistic
significance

Front 42

What are 3 things found in the results section?

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interpretation of results,implications,study limitations

Front 43

What are the three major ethical principles incorporated into most guidelines?

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beneficene,respect for human dignity,justice

Front 44

What is protect of participants from physical and psychological harm and exploitation?

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nonmaleficence

Front 45

What term means that participants have a right to their own activities, including their voluntary participation in the study?

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self-determination

Front 46

What means that researchers have fully described the study, including the risks and benefits, to prospective partipants?

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full disclosure

Front 47

The collection of info without partipant's knowledge or consent

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concealment

Front 48

The withholding info from participants or providing false info

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deception

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The right to fair and equitable treatment and to privacy

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justice

Front 50

Risk-benefit assessment, implementation of informed consent, and safeguarding confidentiality..what are these 3 things purpose?

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safeguard ppl's rights

Front 51

Not even researchers know the participant's identity

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anonymity

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Safeguards info that patients provide

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confidentiality

Front 53

Name 6 types of vulnerable people.

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children,mental or emotional disabled people,physically disabled,terminally ill, institutionalized people, pregnant women

Front 54

External review of ethical aspects

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irb

Front 55

Makign up study results and reporting them

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fabrication

Front 56

Manipulating researche materials, equip, or processes, omit or change data, or distorting results

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falsification

Front 57

What is the perplexing or enigmatic situation that a researcher wants to address through disciplined inquiry?

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research problem

Front 58

This summarizes the overall goal of the study, in both qual and quant studies and ids the key concepts, and the study group or population?

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statement of purpose

Front 59

What states the specific query the researcher wants to answer to address the research problem?

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research question

Front 60

What is a statement of a predicted rship between two or more variables

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hypothesis

Front 61

What specifies the expected direction of nature of a hypothesized rship?

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directional hypothesis

Front 62

What predicts a rship but does not stipulate the form that the rship will take?

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nondirectinal hypothesis

Front 63

What predicts the existance of rships?

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research hypotheses

Front 64

What kind of hypotheses express the abscence of any relationship?

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statistical or null

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Are hypotheses ever proved or disproved?

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No !! accepted or rejected- supported or nonsupported

Front 66

What is a written summary of the state of existing knowledge on a research problem?

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lit review

Front 67

What are descriptions of studies written by researchers who conducted them?

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primary sources

Front 68

What are research articles that are descirptions of studies prepared by someone other than the original rseracher?

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secondary source

Front 69

The traditional narrative review used in quanitative research taht in the intergration of study findings using statistical procedures?

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meta-analysis

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What is the qualitative intergration of research findings that produce new interpretations that are more substantive than the findings from the individual studies?
a traditional narrative review

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metasynthesis

Front 71

Concepts are the basic elements of this, but the concepts are not linked to one another in a logically ordered,deductive system?

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conceptual map

Front 72

What are symbolic representations of pheomena that depict a conceptual model through the use of symbols or diagrams?

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schematic models

Front 73

What are the conceptual underpinnings of a study?

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framework

Front 74

What are the four concepts that are central to models of nursing?

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person,environment,health,nursing

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Nonnursing models used by nurse researchers

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borrowed theories

Front 76

When the appropriateness of borrowed theories for nursing inquiries is confirmed?

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shared theories

Front 77

Deductive goes with

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quan

Front 78

inductive goes with

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qual

Front 79

A design in which two or more variables are manipulated simultaneously?

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factorial designs

Front 80

What two effects can be tested with factorial designs?

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main and interaction

Front 81

What are effects from experimentally manipulated variables?

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main effects

Front 82

What are effects from resulting from combining treatments?

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interaction effects

Front 83

Design in which different sets of people are compared

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between-subjects design

Front 84

Design in which involve comparison within the same subjects?

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within-subjects designs

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A design in which subjects are exposed to more than one experimental condition in random orders and serve as their own controls?

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crossover design

Front 86

Experiments that involve manipulation but lack a comparison group or randomization?

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quasi-experiments

Front 87

In this design, there is no comparison group; information on the dependent variable is collected over a period of time before and after the treatment?

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time-series design

Front 88

Design in which a phenomenon observed in the present is linked to phemonea occuring in the past?

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retrospective

Front 89

Design that starts with a presumed cause and then goes forward to the presumed effect?

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prospective

Front 90

Researchers can strengthen retrospective studies using what?

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case-control design

Front 91

type of design that involves the collection of data at one point in time

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cross-sectional

Front 92

a type of design that involves data collection at two or three times over an extended period?

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longitudinal designs

Front 93

Investigations in which samples are selected from the same population at repeated intervals?

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trend studies

Front 94

In this type of study, the same people provide data or two or more points in time?

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panel study

Front 95

What yields more data trend or panel study?

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panel studies give more information than trend studies because researchers can examine patterns of change and reasons for the changes

Front 96

When you lose participants over time

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attrition

Front 97

Studies undertaken to determine the subsequent status of subjects with a specified condition or those who received a specific intervention?

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follow up study

Front 98

To minimixe situational contaminants in quanitative research?

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constancy of conditions

Front 99

Subjects who are the same with respect to extraneous variables?

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homogeniety

Front 100

This involves using info about subject characteristics to form comparison groups and this helps to control extraneous variables?

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matching

Front 101

The ability of the design to detect true relationships among variables

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statistical power

Front 102

Refers to the extent to which it is possible to make an inference that the independent variable is truly causing or influencing the dependent variable?

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internal validity

Front 103

The occurence of events concurrent with independent variable that can affect the dependent variable

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history threat

Front 104

This encompasses biases resulting from preexisting differences between groups?

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selection threat

Front 105

This threat arieses from processes occuring as a result of time rather than the iv?

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maturation threat

Front 106

This threat stems from differential from groups?

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mortality threat

Front 107

This is the generalizability of findings to other settings or samples, an issue of great importance for those interested in a an evidence-based practice?

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external validity

Front 108

What is a closely related research tradition to phenomenology that uses the lived experiences of people as a tool for better understanding the social cult and policital and historical context

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hermeneutics

Front 109

This seeks to understand rules, mechanisms, and structures of conversations

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discourse analysis

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this focuses on the cognitive world of a cutlture, with particular emphasis on semnatic rules and the shared meanings that shape behavior

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ethnoscience