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124 Cards in this Set
- Front
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CNS Depressants
Types of Meds |
Sedative-Hypnotics
Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Anethetics |
Downers
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CNS Depressants
Nursing Actions |
Safety Messures
Assess respirations Evaluate for constipation Instruct no Alcohol or other CNS depressants |
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CNS Stimulants
Medically approved uses |
ADHD
Narcolepsy Obesity Reversal of respiratory distress |
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CNS Stimulants
Types of Meds |
Amphetamines
Amphetamine-like Anorexiants Respiratory stimulants |
Uppers
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CNS Stimulants
Amphetamines Medication & Nursing Action |
Adderall (amphetamine)
NA: assess HR; do not give near HS |
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CNS Stimulants
Amphetimine-like Med & Nursing Action |
Ritalin (methylphenidate)
NA: evaluate growthof children; evaluate CBC; do not give near HS |
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CNS Stimulants
Anorexiants: Obesity Med & Nursing Action |
Fastin
NA: evaluate weight lose; do not give under age 12; assess for heart palpitations and hypertension |
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CNS Stimulants
Respiratory Med & Nursing Action |
Dopram (doxapram)
NA: assess respirations; assess for nervousness |
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CNS Stimulants
Headaches: Migraine & Cluster Preventive Med & Nursing Action |
Beta-adrenergic blockers
Inderal (propranolol) NA: assess apical HR do not give if less than 60 BPM |
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CNS Stimulants
Headaches: Migraine & Cluster Treatment Med & Nursing Action |
Selective serotonin1 receptor agonists (triptans)
Imitrex (sumatriptan) NA: do not give if CAD or hypertension |
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Neuro disorders
Parkinson Med Types |
Anticholinergics
Dopaminergics Dopamine agonists |
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Neuro disorders
Parkinson Med & Nursing Act. Anticholinergics |
Cogentin (bentropine)
NA: assess VS; assess for constipation and urinary rentention |
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Neuro disorders
Parkinson Med & Nursing Act. Dopaminergics |
Sinemet (carbidoplevodopa)
NA: assess for agranulocytosis (decreased WBC); give w/ food; instruct change positions slowly; advise must be taken 3-4 times daily |
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Neuro disorders
Alzheimers Med & Nursing Act. Cholinergic meds (parasympathominetics) |
Cognex (tacrine)
NA: assess for bradycardia; give w/ food; instruct change positions slowly |
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Vaccines
Types of immunity (Define) Active Passive |
A: person exposed to antigens & antibodies develop
P: person given antibodies |
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Vaccines
Med & Nursing Action |
Vaccine Varicells
NA: instruct that pain, redness may occur at site as well as fever; give Tylenol appr. for age; give injection in vastus lateralis |
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Vaccines
Types of Immunizations: Child Adult Before Travel |
C: CDC recommendation
A: flu, pneumonis, Hep A&B, MMR & chicken pox Travel: depends on country visited |
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Non-Narcotic Analgesics
Types |
NSAIDs (salicylates)
Actaminophen |
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Narcotic Agonist Analgesics
Opioid Synthetic Narcs Med & Nursing Actions |
O: Morphine & Codeine
SN: Demerol (meperidine)& Dilaudid (hydromorphone) NA: assess respirations; safety measures; instruct change position slowly; prevent constipation; assess habituation |
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Narcotic Agonist-Antagonists
Mixed Action Meds Med & Nursing Action |
Nubain (nalbuphine HCI)
NA: do not give w/ narc agonists (will negate their effect); safety measures; assess respirations; prevent constipation; assess habituation |
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Narcotic Antagonists
Reverse action of Narcs Med |
Narcan
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Anticonvulsants
Med & Nursing Actions |
Dilantin (phenytoin)
NA: safety measures; need to assess therapeutic serum levels; oral care due to gingival hyperplasia |
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Antidepressants
Types |
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Innhibitors (SSRIS) Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitores (MAOIs) |
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Antidepressants
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) Med & Nursing Actions |
Elavil (amitriptyline)
NA: safety measures; instruct change position slowly; increase fluids |
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Antidepressants
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Innhibitors (SSRIS) Med & Nursing Actions |
Prozac (fluoxetine)
NA: baseline ECG, instruct NO alcohol |
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Antidepressants
Bipolar Disorder Med & Nursing Actions |
Lithane (lithium)
NA: assess serum levels; increase sodium intake; increase fluids |
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Antidiabetic Meds
Insulin Types & onset time |
Rapid-acting:15 min
Short-acting:30 min Intermediate-acting:1-2 hours Long-acting:steady release over 24 hours, give at HS |
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Antidiabetic Meds
Insulin Types & Meds |
RA: Humolog (lispro insulin)
SA: Humulin R (regular insulin) IA: Humulin N (NPH insulin) LA: Lantus (insulin glargine) |
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Antidiabetic Meds
Insulin Nursing Actions |
NA: assess blood glucose before giving Med; assess for S/S hypoglycemia; know when action begins (food available); rotate sites
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Antidiabetic Meds
Sliding Scale Insulin & Glucose Formula |
SSI: amopunt of lispro or regular insulin given according to bloog glucose
GF:Blood Glucose subtract 100, then divide by 30 equals amount of insulin to be given |
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Antidiabetic Meds
Oral Med Types |
Sulfonylureas
Biguanides Thiazolidinediones |
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Antidiabetic Meds
Sulfonylureas Med & Nursing Action |
Glucotrol (glipizide)
NA: assess for sulfa allergy; assess blood glucose; assess for S/S hypoglycemia |
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Antidiabetic Meds
Biguanides Med & Nursing Action |
Glucophage (metformin)
NA: give w/ meals; assess for GI flatulence; may cause hypoglycemia if given w/ other agents |
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Antidiabetic Meds
Thiazolidinediones Med & Nursing Action |
Actos (pioglitazone)
NA: assess liver function testes; may cause hypoglycemia if given w/ other agents |
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Antineoplastic Meds
Define Cell-Cycle Specific & Nonspecific Meds |
CCS: action is specific to certain phase of the cell cycle
CCNS: action is across cell cycle, does not occur at any specific phase |
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Antineoplastic Meds
Principles of Combination Chemotherapy |
Decreases drug resistance
Enhances effects on cancer Reduces drug toxicity |
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Antineoplastic Meds
Types of Meds |
Alkylating Agents
Antimetabolites Antitumor Antibiotics Mitotic Inhibitors Hormonal Immunotherapy |
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Antineoplastic Meds
Nursing Actions |
Protect from infection R/T depressed bone marrow (WBCs)
Protect from bledding R/T depressed bone marrow (platelets) Administer antiemetics R/T nausea, vomiting & anorexia Provide soft, bland foods R/T stomatitis Increase fluids to prevent constipation Psychological support R/T alopecia & scarring |
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Antiinflammatory Meds
Types |
NSAIDs
Corticosteroids Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) Anti-gout Meds |
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Antiinflammatory Meds
Salicylates Med & Nursing Actions |
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid [ASA])
NA: give w/ food; assess for bleeding |
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Antiinflammatory Meds
Propionic Acid Derivatives Med & Nursing Actions |
Motrin (ibuprofen)
NA: give w/ food; assess for bleeding |
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Antiinflammatory Meds
COX-2 Inhibitors Med & Nursing Actions |
Celebrex (celecoxib)
NA: give w/ food; assess for bleeding |
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Antiinflammatory Meds
Diease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Ridarura (auranofin) (gold)
DA: modify effect of disease NA: assess urine for protine (nephrotoxicity); assess for blood dyscrasias (agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia) |
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Antiinflammatory Meds
Anti-gout Meds Meds, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Novocolchine (colchicine)
DA: Stops inflammatory response Zyloprim (allopurinol) DA: Uric acid inhibitor NA: instruct to avoid alcohol, caffeine & thiazide diuretics that increase uric acid level |
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Antiinflammatory Meds
Glucocorticoids (steroids) Med & Nursing Actions |
Prednisone (glucocorticoid)
NA: give w/ food; assess for infection |
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Urinary Tract Meds
Common Med groups to treat UTIs & Nursing Actiona |
Bactrim (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)
Urinary antiinfective - Macrodantin (nitrofurantoin) NA: advise may caiuse urine to be red/brown, stain clothes; give w/ food Fluoroquinolones - Levaquin (levofloxacin) |
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Urinary Tract Meds
Urinary Analgesics Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Pyridium (phenazopyridine)
DA: relieve pain, burning sensation and frequency and urgency of urination NA: advise urine will be a harmless reddish orange, may stain clothes; give w/ food; increase fluids |
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Urinary Tract Meds
Urinary Stimulants Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Urecholine (bethanechol)
DA: parasympathomimetic (copy parasympathic NS) NA: assess for decreased HR & BP |
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Urinary Tract Meds
Urinary Antispasmodics Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Ditropan (oxbutynin)
DA: decrease bladder spasms NA: increase fluids, cause dry mouth; do not give if patient has narrow-angle glaucoma |
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Urinary Tract Meds
Urinary Antimuscarinics Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Detrol (tolterodinetartrate)
DA: control overactive bladder NA: give w/ food; increase fluids; do not give if patient has narrow-angle glaucoma |
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Antiinfectives
Nursing Actions for all antibiotics |
NA: assess for allergies; evaluate for superinfections; give w/ food if causes GI distress; do culture before starting antibiotics
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Antiinfectives
Sulfonamides MED & Extra Nursing Actions |
Bactrim (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)
ExNA: increase fluids; do not give if pt. is allergic to sulfa |
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Antiinfectives
Penicillins Meds & Extra Nursing Actions |
Amoxil (amoxicillian)
Augmentin (amoxicillian-clavulanic acid) ExNA: instruct pt. to eat yogurt to help w/ GI distress |
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Antiinfectives
Cephalosporins Meds & Extra Nursing Actions |
Celcor
ExNA: give w/ caution if allergic to penicillin |
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Antiinfectives
Macrolides Meds & Extra Nursing Actions |
E-mycin (erthromycin)
ExNa: assess for diarrhea (pseudomembranous colitis) |
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Antiinfectives
Tetracyclines Meds & Extra Nursing Actions |
Achromycin (tetracycline)
ExNA: do not give w/ milk/ dairy product or antacids; do not give to pregnent women; should not be give to children younger than 8 years old |
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Antiinfectives
Aminoglycosides Meds & Extra Nursing Actions |
Garamycin (gentamicin sulfate)
ExNA: assess hearing (causes ototoxicity) |
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Antiinfectives
Fluroquinolones (Quinolones) Meds & Extra Nursing Actions |
Levaquin (levofloxacin)
ExNA: increase fluids |
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Antitubercular Meds
First-line meds Meds usually given in combos of 2-3. |
Isoniazid, rifampin, rifabutin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin
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Antitubercular Meds
Med & Nursing Actions |
INH (isoniazid)
assess peripheral neuropathy (instruct to take Vit. B6 pyridoxine as perscribed) and hepatotoxicity (evaluate liver enzymes) |
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Antiinfectives
Metronidazole Meds & Extra Nursing Actions |
Flagyl (metronidazole)
ExNA: instruct NO alcohol; instruct on importance of taking all medication |
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Antifungals
Polyenes Med & Nursing Actions |
Nystatin (mycostatin)
NA: swisha and swallow; apply to affected area |
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Antifungals
Azoles Med & Nursing Actions |
Diflucan (fluconazole)
NA: take w/ food; taken w/ sulfonylureas may cause hypoglycemia; instruct may take 3 days to see full effect |
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Respiratory Meds
Antihistamines H1 Blockers (antagonists) 1st Gen antihistamines Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Benedryl (diphenhydramine)
DA: Sedating NA: safety measures; increase fluids |
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Respiratory Meds
Antihistamines H1 Blockers (antagonists) 2nd Gen antihistamines Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Claritin (loratadine)
DA: Non-sedating NA: assess S/S allergies |
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Respiratory Meds
Nasal Decongestants Med & Nursing Actions |
Afrin (pseudoephedrine)
NA: instruct only use 3 days (causes rebound congestion) |
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Respiratory Meds
Systemic Decongestants Med & Nursing Actions |
Sudafed (pseudoephedrine)
NA: do not give if hypertension |
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Respiratory Meds
Intranasal Glucocorticoids Med & Nursing Actions |
Beclomethasone, fluticasone (Flonase), triamcinolone (Nasacort)
NA: instruct to use as directed; direct spray away from septum |
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Respiratory Meds
Antitussives Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Robitussin DM (dextromethorphan)
w/ Narc products (codeine) NA: increase fluids; safety measures |
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Respiratory Meds
Expectorants Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Humibid (guaifenesin)
DA: loosens bronchial secretions NA: increase fluids |
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Respiratory Meds
Bronchial Asthma Acute Attack Sympathomimetics, 1st line of defense Med & Nursing Actions |
Epinephrine (adrenaline), for emergency
NA: assess RR; assess HR |
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Respiratory Meds
Bronchial Asthma Maintenance Nonselective adrenergic agonist (affects both heart & lungs) Med & Nursing Actions |
Isuprel (isoprotereno)
NA: assess for increased HR; evaluate breath sounds |
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Respiratory Meds
Bronchial Asthma Maintenance Selective beta-adrenergic agonist (little affect on heart) Med & Nursing Actions |
Alupent (metaprotereno)
NA: assess breath sounds |
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Respiratory Meds
Anticholinergics Meds & Nursing Actions |
Atrovent (ipratroplum bromide) - aerosol inhaler
NA: assess breath sounds Theodur (theophylline) - PO NA: assess heart sounds; assess breath sounds |
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Respiratory Meds
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists/Inhibitors Med & Drug Action |
Accolate (zanfirlukast)
DA: reduce inflammatory process and decrease bronchoconstriction |
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Respiratory Meds
Glucocorticoids (steroids) Meds & Drug Actions |
Aerosol inhaler: (beclomethasone)
PO: (prednisone) Injection: Decadron (dexamethasone) |
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Respiratory Meds
Mucolytics Med, Drug Action & Misc info |
Mucomyst (acetylcysteine)
DA: liquefies & loosens thick mucus secretions Misc: also used as an antidote for acetaminophen OD |
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GI Tract Meds
GI Disorders |
nausea/vomiting; diarrhea; constipation; gastric ulcer; H. pylori, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
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GI Tract Meds
Prescription Antiemetics |
Prescriptive antihistamines
Anticholinergics Dopamine antagonists (phenothiazines), (butyrophenones), (metoclopramide) |
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GI Tract Meds
Phenothiazines Med & Nursing Actions |
Phenergan (promethiazine)
NA: safety measures; increase fluids as tolerated |
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GI Tract Meds
GI Motility Med Med & Nursing Actions |
Reglan (metoclopramide)
NA: safety measures |
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GI Tract Meds
Antidiarrheals Types |
Opiates & opiate related agents
Diphenoxylate w/ atropine Somatostatin analog, octreotide (Sandostatin) for severe diarrhea Absorbents: Kaopectate |
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GI Tract Meds
Opoid Antidiarrheals Med & Nursing Actions |
Lomotil (diphenoxylate w/ atropine)
NA: safety measures; increase fluids as tolerated |
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GI Tract Meds
Constipation Types of laxitives |
Osmotic (saline)
Stimulant (contact) Bulk-forming Emollient (stool softeners) |
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GI Tract Meds
Osmotic Laxative Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Fleets (phosphosoda)
DA: draws fluid into bowel NA: do not give if HF. hypertension, edema; give in am; assess bowel sounds; increase fluids; assess bowel movement |
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GI Tract Meds
Stimulant Laxative Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Ducolax (bisacodyl)
DA: Irritates GI mucosa & increases peristalsis NA: assess bowel sounds; give in AM; increase fluids; assess bowel movement |
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GI Tract Meds
Bulk Laxative Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Metamucil (psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid)
DA: increase fiber which holds fluid and bulk increases peristalsis NA: increase fluids (instruct bowel obstruction w/o sufficient anount of water); assess bowel sounds; give in AM; assess bowel movement |
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GI Tract Meds
Non-Systemic Antacids Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Amphojel (aluminum hydroxide)
DA: buffer gastric acid NA: give other meds 1 hour before or 2 hours after to prevent decreased absorption; increase fluids, fiber & exercise (may cause constipation) |
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GI Tract Meds
H2 Blockers Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Zantac (ranitidine)
DA: decrease production of gastric acid NA: safety measures (may cause drowsiness) |
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GI Tract Meds
Proton Pump inhibitors (PPIs) Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Prevacid (iansoprazole)
DA: decrease production of gastric acid NA: assess fo S/S of disease (GERD, ulcer) |
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GI Tract Meds
Pepsin Inhibitor Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Carafate (sucralfate)
DA: forms barrier on gastric mucosa NA: give other meds 1 hous before or 2 hours after to prevent decreased absorption of other meds |
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GI Tract Meds
Prostaglandin Analog Med, Drug Action & Nursing Actions |
Cytotec (misoprostol)
DA: used w/ NSAIDs; protect mucosal lining of stomach NA: DO NOT give if pt. is pregnant |
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Diuretics
Potassium-wasting Thiazide & Thiazide-like |
Esidrex (hydrochlorathiazide, HCTZ)
NA: give in AM; assess edema & BP; assess for hypokalemia; give w/ foods rich in potassium (citrus jucie or bananas) |
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Diuretics
Potassium-wasting Loop Med & Nursing Actions |
Lasix (furosemide)
NA: give in AM; assess for edema; assess for hypokalemia; give w/ foods rich in potassium (citrus jucie or bananas) |
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Diuretics
Potassium-sparing Med & Nursing Actions |
Aldactone (spirolactone)
NA: assess S/S hyperkalemia' monitor serum potassium levels; instruct not to use salt substitutes |
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Cardiac Meds
Types of Antihypertensives |
Diuretics (thiazides & loop diuretics; Combos of HCTZ & potassium-sparing diuretics & other antihypertensive meds; Sympatholytics - adrenergic blockers; ACE inhibitors; Calcium channel blockers; ARBs
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Cardiac Meds
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers (Olols) Med, Contraindications & Nursing Actions |
Noncardio selective (affect heart & lings)
Inderal (metoprolol) C: smokers, respiratory problems NA: assess apical HR; assesss BP; instruct change position slowly; do not stop taking suddenly; notify Dr. of sexual dysfunction |
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Cardiac Meds
Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers Med & Nursing Action |
Minipress (prazosin HCL)
NA: safety measures (may cause dizziness); instruct change positions slowly; assess apical HR & BP |
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Cardiac Meds
Calcium Channel Blockers Med, Drug Action & Nursing Action |
Norvasc (amlodipine)
DA: vasodilation by decrease calcium levels; may cause peripheral edema NA: instruct to avoid ingestion of grapefruit juice (intensify med's effect); instruct change positions slowly; assess apical HR & BP |
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Cardiac Meds
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors (Prils) Med & Nursing Action |
Capoten (captopril)
NA: instruct to notify Dr. of irritating cough; assess apical HR & BP; instruct change positions slowly |
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Cardiac Meds
Angiotensin 2 Receptor Antagonists/Blockers (ARBs)(sartans) Med & Nursing Action |
Cozaar (losartan)
NA: safety measures (may cause dizziness); instruct change position slowly; assess apical HR & BP |
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Cardiac Meds
Glycosides Med & Nursing Action |
Lanoxin (digoxin)
NA: assess apical HR full minute, hold & notify Dr. if less than 60 BPM; assess for hypokalemic especially if given w/ Lasix |
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Cardiac Meds
Antianginals - Nitrates Med & Nursing Action |
Nitrostat (nitroglycerin)
NA: instruct may cause headache; safety measures (may cause hypotension, dizziness, reflex tachycardia) |
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Cardiac Meds
Types of Antidysrhythmics Med & Nursing Action |
Class 1: fast (sodium) channel blockers
Class 2: Beta-adrenergic blockers Class 3: prolon re-polarization Class 4: Calcium channel blockers |
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Cardiac Meds
Anticoagulants- Heparin IV/IM Med & Nursing Action |
Lipo-Heparin (heparin sodium)may give IV
Lovenox (enoxaparin) Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) NA: give subq abdomen, no aspirate, no massage; assess for bleeding; antidote is protamine sulfate; assess PTT |
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Cardiac Meds
Anticoagulants - PO Med & Nursing Action |
Coumadin (warfarin)
NA: assess bleeding; diet must be consistent as to Vit. K (antidote); assess INR (protime) |
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Cardiac Meds
Antiplatelets Med & Nursing Action |
Plavix (clopidogrel)
NA: assess for bleeding |
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Cardiac Meds
Thrombolytics Med & Nursing Action |
Alteplase (tPA)
NA: assess for allergic reaction; assess ECG; no asprin or NSAIDs |
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Cardiac Meds
Types of Antilipidemics Med & Nursing Action |
Resin antilipidemics
Nicotinic acid Statins/vastatins |
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Cardiac Meds
Antilipidemics - Statins/vastatins Med & Nursing Action |
Mevacor (lovastatin)
NA: monitor liver enzymes; report unexplained muscle tenderness or weakness, fever & malaise |
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Cardiac Meds
Peripheral Vasodilators Med & Nursing Action |
Vasodilan (isoxsuprine)
NA: instruct change positons slowly; safety measures (dizziness) |
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Antiviral
Flu Med, Use & Nursing Actions |
Symmetrel (amantadine HCI)
U: treatment for Influenza A NA: instruct will not prevent flu, only decrease symptoms |
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Antiviral
Neuraminidase Inhibitors Med, Use & Nursing Actions |
Tamiflu
U: treatment for Influenza A&B (effective if taken w/in 48 hours of flu symptoms) NA: instruct to seek medical care w/in 48 hr |
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Antiviral
Purine Nucleosides Med, Use & Nursing Actions |
Zovirax (acyclovir)
U: treatment of herpes simplex 1, herpes zoster (shingles), genital herpes simplex 2 NA: give w/ food to prevent GI upset |
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Antiviral
HIV Therapy & Goals |
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
Goals: Decrease viral load; Preserve/increase number of CD4+T cells; Prevent resistance; Have pt. in good clinical condition; Prevent secondary infections & cancers |
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Antiviral
Antiretroviral Agent Meds given in combos |
Reverse transcrpitive inhibitors (nucleoside analgues & nonnucleoside analogues)
Protease inhibitors Fusion inhibitors |
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Antiretroviral
Nucleoside analogues Med & Nursing Actions |
AZT (zodovudine)
NA: report numbness lower extremities |
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Anthelmintic Meds
Med & Nursing Actions |
Vermox (mebendazole)
NA: given w/ food |
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Neuromuscular Disorders
Myastenia Gravis (MG) Cholinesterase inhibitors or acetylchinesterase (AChE) inhibitors Med & Nursing Actions |
Mestinon (pyridostigmine bromide)
NA: observe for OD; available antidote (atropine sulfate); may take w/ food if GI distress |
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Neuromuscular Disorders
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Meds |
Glucocorticiod (prednisone)
Immunosuppresents Biological response modifiers |
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Neuromuscular Disorders
Muscle Relaxants Med & Nursing Actions |
Soma (carisoprodol)
NA: safety measures; increase fluids; do not stop abruptly; take w/ food |
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Antipsychotics
Phenothiazines Med & Nursing Actions |
Prolixin (fluphenazine)
NA: safety measures; increase fluids; assess for urinary retention, constipation; instruct about photosensitivity (avoid sunlight); assess for symptoms of tremors, gait change |
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Antipsychotics
Non-phenothiazines Med & Nursing Actions |
Haldol (haloperidol)
NA: safety measures; increase fluids; assess for urinary retention, constipation; instruct about photosensitivity (avoid sunlight); assess for symptoms of tremors, gait change |
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Anxiolytics
Benzodiazepines Med & Nursing Actions |
Ativan (lorazepam)
NA: safety measures; assess for habituation |
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