Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
229 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
characteristics of an abusive family
|
unbalanced, power rating, stereottypical roles, lack of empathy, subsyance abuse, hx of violence
|
|
|
stages of grief
|
DABDA
denial, anger, depression, acceptance |
|
|
when to remove restraints?
|
when the pt is longer a threat to themself or others
|
|
|
If you have to force a med. how should you give it?
|
IM injection
|
|
|
Patient has a severe phobia should you force them to face it?
|
NO...this can cause extreme anxiety
|
|
|
What to remeber when working w/ a pt w/ anisocial behavior
|
limit setting
|
|
|
What reccomendations to give a pt w/ anger mangmnt issues?
|
anger is a normal feeling, he needs to learn appropriate cpoing skills
|
|
|
What are ANS symptoms seen in the pt?
|
increased BP and HR
|
|
|
What does the nurse do when delaing w/ an aggressive patient?
|
discuss what cuases agitation , and point out his behavior
|
|
|
Why would you want to clarify an order of Amitryptine and Nardil?
|
They are not usually perscribed together, SE
|
|
|
Are isolation and medicxation effective way to treat an angry pt?
|
for the short term, but you need to teach behavior modification to help in the long term
|
|
|
What are he prurpose for outbursts in a angry aggressive pt?
|
power and control; nip it in the bud
|
|
|
Normal dose of Haldol?
|
5-100 mg daily
|
|
|
What can happen if a MAOI is perscribed after a tricyclic?
|
hyperpyrexia, hypertension
|
|
|
Best snack for an anorxic patient?
|
high in calories and protein
|
|
|
What to do when dealing w/ a manipuliteve client
|
positive reinforcemnt and limit setting
|
|
|
Best indicator to determine if a pt, is subject to violence?
|
past hx
|
|
|
Characteristics of an abuser in a relationship?
|
no empathy, substance abuse, controling, verbal abuse, decresed self esteem
|
|
|
best response to visual hallucinations by the nurse is?
|
bring them back to reality, do not play along
|
|
|
How long does it take to achieve the theraputic effect of an MAOI?
|
4 weeks
|
|
|
Conversion reaction
|
loss of physical reaction as an underlying expression of a need, usuaaly an environmental stressor triggors this
|
|
|
Hormone released by anger`
|
Epi
|
|
|
what is the primary concern when assessing an abused patient
|
saftey
|
|
|
Confabulation
|
Also known as false memory is the confusion of imagination with memory, and/or the confusion of true memories with false memories
|
|
|
What is the number one concern with someone in restraints?
|
Circulation
|
|
|
What foods are to be avoided when talking an MAOI?
|
Alcoholic beverages, Caviar, Pickled and dried herring, Liver, Smoked and cured sausages, Luncheon meats , Fava beans, Italian green beans, Sauerkraut, Snow peas, Miso soups, Soups packaged with yeast products, Cheeses, both aged and processed Concentrated yeast extract, Brewer's yeast, Yeast supplements, Yeast paste (marmite), Miso, Large amounts of soy sauce
|
|
|
When are restraints indicated?
|
Restraints are indicated when the person is at harm to self and or others
|
|
|
A voluntary psychiatric patient want s to be discharged but the physician says they are not ready to leave what can be done?
|
They can have a 72 hour hold put on them
|
|
|
What happens when MAOI’s are mixed with ETOH?
|
hypertension or hyperpyretic crisis
|
|
|
What is it called when a patient is projecting thoughts and fells onto someone else
|
transference
|
|
|
A patient that is taking an MAOI is complaining of a stiff neck and headache should the nurse be concerned
|
~YES, this is the beginning of a hypertensive crisis. The nurse should hold the med, call the MD,
|
|
|
A patient in the mental health ward refuses to speak what actions does the nurse take?
|
talk to the patient, don’t push a response, and do not let them isolate themselves
|
|
|
Subconsciously why does a person with anorexia nervosa decrease eating?
|
control anxiety, mental conflicts antimony
|
|
|
Why should patient taking antipsychotics not want to stop them abruptly
|
is can cause seizures
|
|
|
Manipulative patients are result of a lack of what
|
Trust
|
|
|
If a person is in a manic phase of bipolar why should the nurse use caution with activities
|
Erratic behavior especially when challenged
|
|
|
#1 priority when admitting a patient with an eating disorder?
|
nutritional status
|
|
|
If a client tells you “I would be better off dead” what is your response?
|
~ask more questions, see how serious this statement is
|
|
|
If a patient is both verbally and physically abusive what should the nurse do
|
~limit set
|
|
|
An abused child normally presents with what when assessed?
|
decreased shoeing of pain, emotions and responses
|
|
|
Why is it important for an abused child to have one primary nurse?
|
This allows the child to develop trust
|
|
|
With a patient with anorexia nervosa what behavior is important to monitor for?
|
~ Self destructive
|
|
|
A patient who is antisocial refuses to do a set task, what does the nurse do
|
~ The nurse reinforces rules and sets limits
|
|
|
Does a nurse allow an adult with OCD to repetitively brush their hair
|
Yes, they do; the nurse may however try to get the patient to limit the number of times gradually
|
|
|
Regression
|
retreat to an earlier developmental stage
|
|
|
The nurse on the mental health unit has an antisocial patient who wants to watch television instead of going to group, what does the nurse do
|
~ The nurse should explain why the television is not allowed to be watch and send them to group
|
|
|
What type of eating habits does the patient going through a manic phase of bipolar have?
|
None, they have “food on the go” the nurse should order finger food, so they can take it with them and eat
|
|
|
A 30 year old female will not leave her house, at the very thought of leaving she starts sweating, having palpitations and fears of impending doom; what is this patient exhibiting?
|
panic attacks, and she has agoraphobia
|
|
|
What are the most important factors to any nursing care plan?
|
~ Diagnosis, goal, interventions and evaluation
|
|
|
Can Demerol be given with an MAOI?
|
~No, this will cause death
|
|
|
When teaching a patient about what foods to avoid when taking lithium what foods should the nurse be teaching about?
|
~ Foods high in sodium
|
|
|
What foods are high in triamine?
|
~smoked, aged, pickled and fermented foods
|
|
|
When the nurse asks “a rolling stone gathers no moss” what is she assessing for
|
Abstract thinking
|
|
|
When a nurse asks “why are you in the hospital” what is she assessing for?
|
~insight
|
|
|
If a patient is having hallucinations for the first time what is the nurse concerned with?
|
~ the nurse is concerned because they need to find out what the hallucinations are about, what the meaning of these are and the safety of the patient and others around him
|
|
|
If a client misses a dose of lithium should they double dose?
|
~ NO! This can cause lithium toxicity
|
|
|
If a paranoid schizophrenic tells you that they have radio waves in their brain what is your response?
|
~ The best response is to redirect the patient back to reality
|
|
|
A wife a deceased husband is requesting to see the body, do you let her?
|
Understand that everyone grieves differently
|
|
|
When a person is taking lithium for the first time when should they expect to reach therapeutic levels?
|
~ 2 weeks
|
|
|
Why are lithium and chlorpromazine commonly prescribed together?
|
They are commonly prescribed together because the chlorpromazine controls the behavior until the lithium can take over
|
|
|
Fugue state
|
A state of mind characterized by abandonment of personal identity, along with the memories, personality and other identifying characteristics of individuality
|
|
|
What is the term used for an alcoholic who is sober known as?
|
recovering alcoholic
|
|
|
What is “flight of ideas” referring to?
|
~and alteration in thought process
|
|
|
What are early signs of ETOH withdrawal?
|
Anxiety, anorexia, tremors, insomnia (can happen up to 8 hours after intake)
|
|
|
Echolalia
|
parrot like repetition
|
|
|
Seclusion is used therapeutically for what?
|
~ limit setting, protection of safety (others, property)
|
|
|
Self esteem needs consist of what?
|
~self wroth, respect, independence, dignity
|
|
|
Love/belonging needs consist of what?
|
~ Affliction, affection and intimacy
|
|
|
What is the MMPI (Minnesota multiphase personality inventory)?
|
~550 questions that test and assess personality and detects disorders such as depression, and schizophrenia
|
|
|
Histrionic personality disorders
|
~ personality disorder characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention- seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriate seductiveness, usually beginning in early adulthood. The essential feature of the histrionic personality disorder is a pervasive and excessive pattern of emotionality and attention-seeking behavior
|
|
|
ECT takes on average how many times to be effective?
|
~6-12 treatments at a rate of 2-3 times per week
|
|
|
Circumstantiality
|
~ A disturbance in the thought process, either voluntary or involuntary, in which one gives an excessive amount of detail (circumstances) that is often tangential, elaborate, and irrelevant, to avoid making a direct statement or answer to a question; observed in schizophrenia and in obsessional disorders.
|
|
|
What are characteristics of a labile affect?
|
~ Rapid shifts of emotions and moods
|
|
|
What does somnambulism mean?
|
~sleep walking
|
|
|
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
|
This syndrome is potentially fatal if not treated. It includes diffuse muscle rigidity, tremor, high fever, labile blood pressure, cognitive dysfunction, and autonomic disturbances. This condition can be sudden and often occurs early in the course of treatment, often within the first week.
|
|
|
Extrapyramidal symptoms, often abbreviated EPS,
|
~is a neurological side effect of antipsychotic medication. EPS can occur within the first few days or weeks of treatment, or it can appear after months and years of antipsychotic medication use. EPS can cause a variety of symptoms, e.g. involuntary movements, tremors and rigidity, body restlessness, muscle contractions and changes in breathing and heart rate.
|
|
|
When should lithium levels be check on someone who has been taking in long term?
|
~6-8 weeks in the morning before breakfast
|
|
|
What is the most common psych disorder?
|
~depression
|
|
|
True or false non verbal communication conveys feelings more accurately than verbal communication does
|
t
|
|
|
What is a major goal for a psychosocial rehabilitation program for a person with chronic mental illness?
|
~to teach independent living skills
|
|
|
If a person is to be admitted involuntary what does this mean?
|
~ This means that in order to be admitted involuntary a person must be said by a physical that he is either a threat to himself or to others around him
|
|
|
A patient is refusing to have an EEG, says that he does not what to have a shock what is the nurses response to this?
|
The nurse should respond that there is no risk to receiving a shock
|
|
|
What are clinical symptoms of organic mental disorder?
|
~symptoms of organic mental disorder are agnosis, sleep disturbances, decreased short and long term memory, confusion and depression
|
|
|
In adolescents the authoritive group that has the most impact on the behavior is who?
|
~ his/her peers
|
|
|
Define reaction formation
|
In Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, reaction formation is a defense mechanism in which anxiety-producing or unacceptable emotions are replaced by their direct opposites
|
|
|
Define Projection
|
~is a defense mechanism in which one attributes one’s own unacceptable or unwanted thoughts or/and emotions to others. Projection reduces anxiety by allowing the expression of the unwanted subconscious impulses/desires without letting the ego recognize them.
|
|
|
An alcoholic states to the nurse that he is having trouble remembering events that happened over the weekend when he was drinking. This is known as what?
|
~ETOH blackout
|
|
|
If an alcoholic stays sober how long do the tremors continue?
|
The tremors will continue for several days or longer
|
|
|
Antabuse/ disulfiram
|
Disulfiram is used to treat chronic alcoholism. It causes unpleasant effects when even small amounts of alcohol are consumed. These effects include flushing of the face, headache, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, weakness, blurred vision, mental confusion, sweating, choking, breathing difficulty, and anxiety. These effects begin about 10 minutes after alcohol enters the body and last for 1 hour or more.
|
|
|
A person comes into the clinic can states that he has been drinking so much because of his job being so stressful. What defense mechanism is this known as
|
~Rationalism (defense mechanism by which you’re true motivation is concealed by explaining your actions and feelings in a way that is not threatening)
|
|
|
A person comes into the emergency department suspected of an heroin OD. What is the nurse’s first priority?
|
AIRWAY. Remember the ABC’s
|
|
|
A person comes into the clinic, and denies the use of cocaine, however what are signs that the nurse can use to determine if they are using
|
~ Dilated pupils, nervous behavior; red, excoriated nostrils
|
|
|
A patient that is being discharged to day from the chemical dependent unit asks you as the nurse to make arrangements for him to attend follow-up meetings. What is your response?
|
~ The response by the nurse should be to tell the patient that this is something that they should do for themselves, this helps to promote their independence.
|
|
|
What is the number one cause of death for someone who is going through a barbiturate OD?
|
~ Respiratory failure
|
|
|
What drug is commonly abused for the effects of weight loss?
|
~ Amphetamines
|
|
|
What are the symptoms of long term amphetamine abuse?
|
Long term effects are emotional labiality, depression between doses, drug dependency, hallucinations and delusions
|
|
|
What is the ultimate goal for the nurse when caring for someone with severs anxiety disorder?
|
~ Adaptive copping behaviors/problem solving skills
|
|
|
Inderal (propranolol) was prescribed for someone with anxiety, should this be questioned?
|
~ No, Propranolol blocks chemicals, such as adrenaline, and prevents them from increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen use. It effectively reduces autonomic nervous system arousal
|
|
|
Antisocial personality disorders
|
The essential feature for the diagnosis is a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood." Deceit and manipulation are considered essential features of the disorder. Therefore it is essential in making the diagnosis to collect material from sources other than the individual being diagnosed. Also, the individual must be age 18 or older as well as have a documented history of a conduct disorder before the age of 15. Persistent lying or stealing
|
|
|
If a patient discloses to you that they are planning to kill someone what do you as the nurse do?
|
~ In the situation the nurse needs immediately tell the staff and doctor
|
|
|
Definition of insight
|
Penetration: clear or deep perception of a situation, a feeling of understanding, the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation, grasping the inner nature of things intuitively
|
|
|
A person comes to the ER with signs and symptoms of depression and suicidal ideations what goal is the best for this patient
|
Patient will not harm self while in hospital
|
|
|
What is rationalization?
|
~ In psychology is the process of constructing a logical justification for a decision that was originally arrived at through a different mental process.
|
|
|
What should a nurse look for when assessing a patient with suicidal tendencies?
|
The nurse should look for an increased energy level and mood
|
|
|
Define Tardive Dyskinesia
|
are involuntary movements of the tongue, lips, face, trunk, and extremities that occur in patients treated with long-term dopaminergic antagonist medications. Although they are associated with the use of neuroleptics, TDs apparently existed before the development of neuroleptics
|
|
|
A cocaine use comes into the emergency room and is agitated, aggressive, and paranoid what is the nurses #1 concern?
|
~ The nurses #1 concern is safety
|
|
|
Dystonia
|
~ Dystonia is a movement disorder which causes involuntary contractions of your muscles. These contractions result in twisting and repetitive movements.
|
|
|
In any discharge teaching what is important for the nurse to communicate to the patient?
|
~ It is important that the nurse terminates the relationship with the patient
|
|
|
A delusional patient has come into the ward, they are staying in their room and are refusing to participate in attend group on their own, should they be forced to join group? With this same patient, what is the first course of action by the nurse for this patient?
|
~ No; the first course of action by the nurse should be to have a brief one on one contact with the patient
|
|
|
Why is Prolixin prescribed more often for patients who have schizophrenia?
|
~ This is more commonly prescribed because it only has to be given every 2-4 weeks
|
|
|
With prolixin what should the nurse monitor and why?
|
~ monitor: BP, WBC count
~ Why: edema, blood dyscrasias, BP Side effects |
|
|
What determines the clients who are in an involuntary stay to be able to be discharged?
|
medical and legal approval
|
|
|
A patient asks the nurse to prepare their will, what is the best response by the nurse
|
As a nurse, we are not qualified to set up someone’s will
|
|
|
If an adult has OCD they should be allowed to continue the repetitive behavior if it is not harmful true or false
|
~ True, if they are adult, if it is a child, they should not be allowed to continue, the goal for children is to stop the behavior
|
|
|
A confused client comes into the ER, what types of interventions should the nurse perform?
|
promote safety, prevent injury
|
|
|
Define Dry drunk
|
someone who has stopped drinking, but who still demonstrates the same alcoholic behaviors and attitudes
|
|
|
What is a support group for spouses/children?
|
~Al-Anon
|
|
|
Ativan and Librium are used for ETOH withdrawal why?
|
They cause sedation and relieve anxiety
|
|
|
What are mild symptoms of ETOH Disulfiram reaction?
|
aching throbbing HA, flushing of the face, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, weakness, blurred vision, mental confusion, sweating, choking, breathing difficulty, and anxiety.
|
|
|
What are symptoms of stimulant abuse?
|
will have the appearance of someone who is suspiciously too alert, seeming to appear nervous, and sweating, often thinking and moving very quickly with abnormally high energy
|
|
|
early and late signs of Heroin abuse
|
Soon after injection (or inhalation), heroin crosses the blood-brain barrier. In the brain, heroin is converted to morphine and binds rapidly to opioid receptors. Abusers typically report feeling a surge of pleasurable sensation, a "rush." Addiction is a chronic problem characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, and by neurochemical and molecular changes in the brain. Heroin also produces a profound degree of tolerance and physical dependence, which are powerful motivating factors for compulsive use and abuse.
|
|
|
A person who is taking methadone has respirations of 8 and is shallow, what does this indicate?
|
Methadone toxicity
|
|
|
An alcoholic is commenting to the nurse that they are overwhelmed with trying to stay sober for years what is the best response from the nurse?
|
~ take it one day at a time
|
|
|
A person some to the ER, they have mixed barbiturates either ETOH, what concerns the staff?
|
~ The mixing of barbiturates and ETOH can cause an additive effect and increase dependency
|
|
|
If someone is having barbiturate withdrawal why should they give Nembutal?
|
~ It prevents fatal seizures
|
|
|
normal anxiety
|
Is not disproportionate to the objective threat; does not involve repression or other mechanisms of intrapsychic conflict, and does not require neurotic defense mechanisms to manage, but can be confronted constructively on the level of conscious awareness or can be relieved if the objective situation is altered. Freud called normal anxiety, "objective anxiety."
|
|
|
Neurotic
|
Neurotic anxiety occurs when inability to cope adequately with threat is subjective -- is due not to objective weakness but to inner psychological patterns and conflicts which prevent the individual from using his powers. Often this is rooted in early childhood
|
|
|
Xanax used for short term treatment of anxiety why?
|
~physical and psychological dependence and tolerance can occur
|
|
|
What are possible urinary systems that can come from the use of amitriptyl hydrochloride?
|
~ Urinary retention
|
|
|
When do ETOH hallucinations occur?
|
~ After ending or reducing heavy drinking, they are usually auditory
|
|
|
endogenous depression
|
One of the main causes of endogenous depression is chemical imbalance in brain. Feeling tiredness, hopelessness, sadness, memory problem, sleeping pattern change are all symptoms of endogenous depression.
|
|
|
If a person has a history of Heroin IV drug use what does the nurse anticipate that they will test positive for?
|
~ HIV and hepatitis
|
|
|
What is a drawback to using methadone therapy?
|
~It comes in low does
|
|
|
What is the best measure for someone who is in recovery?
|
The number of days clean/sober
|
|
|
drug tolerance
|
occurs when a subject's reaction to a psychoactive drug (such as a painkiller or intoxicant) decreases so that larger doses are required to achieve the same effect. Drug tolerance can involve both psychological drug tolerance and physiological factors.
|
|
|
What are symptoms of barbiturate withdrawal?
|
Postural hypotension, seizures, psychosis
|
|
|
If a person has anorexia what is one of the first assessments done by the nurse
|
~ Nutritional status
|
|
|
When taking Librium what foods should be avoided?
|
~ ETOH beverages
|
|
|
Define drug habituation
|
Mild dependence without addiction
|
|
|
Buspar
|
~ BuSpar is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. This drug is not effective as a prn medication. It takes 7-10 days to reach the full effect of the drug
|
|
|
Symptoms of ETOH withdrawal
|
~ Hallucinations (auditory) 24 hours after drinking
~ Autonomic (hyper activity) 6-8 hours after drinking |
|
|
Most common mental illness in large cities?
|
~ Substance abuse
|
|
|
A patient presents with teary eye, runny nose, tachycardia, vomiting, dilation of pupils, insomnia; what is suspected by the nurse?
|
~ Opioid withdrawal
|
|
|
What is the most effective long term treatment in alcoholism?
|
~AA
|
|
|
What is the difference between methadone and heroin?
|
~methadone- (no euphoria
|
|
|
What are the 2 most common behavioral problems in the health care profession?
|
Anxiety and depression
|
|
|
Describe a patient with generalized anxiety disorder
|
~apprehensive, restless, irritable, easily distracted, SOB, chest tightness,
|
|
|
Name a few substances that mimic generalized anxiety when ingested
|
Nicotine, caffeine, amphetamine, cocaine, anticholinergics, ETOH, sedative withdrawal
|
|
|
What are common medical causes of anxiety/anxiety attacks?
|
~ ETOH, thyrotoxicosis, caffeine, stroke, hypoglycemia, epilepsy (psycho sensory)
|
|
|
What is the common cause of referral to a psychiatrist?
|
~ ADHA
|
|
|
What are side effects of Ritalin?
|
~Depression, HA, hypertension, insomnia, ab pain
|
|
|
What is most frequent in the first episode of Bi polar (disease, mania, or depression)?
|
~ Mania presents first with Bi polar
|
|
|
What is lithium used to treat other that mania
|
~ Bulimia, anorexia, migraine and cluster headaches
|
|
|
Active people talking Lithium have to decrease or increase dosage?
|
~increase
|
|
|
Do people talking lithium gain or lose weight?
|
~gain
|
|
|
What is a potential complication of a manic depressant that is in treatment of CHF?
|
lithium toxicity
|
|
|
Lithium toxicity begins at what level?
|
~1.4
|
|
|
Why might a person with taking lithium experience polyuria?
|
This is due to nephrogenic diabetes
|
|
|
What is the most common clinical symptom of borderline personality disorder?
|
~ Chronic boredom
|
|
|
Why might a person with taking lithium experience polyuria?
|
~ This is due to nephrogenic diabetes
|
|
|
Why might a person with taking lithium experience polyuria?
|
~ This is due to nephrogenic diabetes
|
|
|
What is the most common clinical symptom of borderline personality disorder?
|
~ Chronic boredom
|
|
|
What is a potential complication of a manic depressant that is in treatment of CHF?
|
~lithium toxicity
|
|
|
A person presents with parotid gland swelling, and erosion of teeth, what is suspected?
|
~Bulimia
|
|
|
What are common lab findings with eating disorders?
|
~ increased cortisol, growth hormone
~ Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypocalcaemia…, anemia |
|
|
Children with conduct disorder will likely develop what as adults?
|
~ Antisocial disorder
|
|
|
~Dementia
|
is the progressive decline in cognitive function due to damage or disease in the brain beyond what might be expected from normal aging. Although dementia is far more common in the geriatric population,
|
|
|
Delirium
|
is not a disease but a syndrome with multiple causes that result in a similar constellation of symptoms. Delirium is defined as a transient, usually reversible, cause of cerebral dysfunction and manifests clinically with a wide range of neuropsychiatric abnormalities. The clinical hallmarks are decreased attention span and a waxing and waning type of confusion
|
|
|
What are 2 major causes of dementia?
|
~ Alzheimer’s disease, and Multi-infarction
|
|
|
What is the most non-traumatic cause of dementia?
|
~ Alzheimer’s disease
|
|
|
What is the first symptom of Alzheimer’s disease?
|
memory loss
|
|
|
What is the prognosis of Alzheimer disease?
|
. The course the disease takes and how fast changes occur vary from person to person. Some people only have the disease for 5 years, while others may have it for as many as 20 years. In either case, the prognosis for someone with Alzheimer’s disease is untimely death.
|
|
|
What is the major difference between delirium and dementia?
|
~delirium is reversible and dementia is irreversible
|
|
|
What drug most commonly causes drug induced hallucinations in the elderly?
|
~ Propranolol
|
|
|
What is an acute confusion state known as?
|
~delirium
|
|
|
What is the major side effect for TCA’s in the elderly?
|
orthostatic hypotension
|
|
|
Does violence occur more often in family or non-family members?
|
~Family
|
|
|
What age is there an increase in ETOH problems?
|
~ 18-29
|
|
|
What are some lab changes that are commonly seen in someone who has abused ETOH?
|
~ increased- ALT, Ast, LDH, amylase Bilibrubin, uric acid
~decreased- BUN, calcium, hematocrit, magnesium, phosphate, platelet, protein |
|
|
What are typical people with anorexia nervosa
|
Female, adolescent, increased class perfection, primarily affects people in middle and upper socioeconomic classes
|
|
|
Eating disorders are usually tied into what emotions?
|
~ Love and affection
|
|
|
What is Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome?
|
Wernicke's encephalopathy is a degenerative brain disorder caused by the lack of thiamine (vitamin B1). It may result from alcohol abuse, dietary deficiencies, prolonged vomiting, eating disorders, or the effects of chemotherapy.
|
|
|
Signs and symptoms of Lithium toxicity
|
Early signs of lithium toxicity include diarrhea, vomiting, drowsiness, muscular weakness, and lack of coordination.
~Late symptoms include ataxia (failure or irregularity of muscle action), giddiness, tinnitus blurred vision, and a large output of dilute urine. |
|
|
What is the drug treatment of ETOH withdrawal?
|
Benzos or barbiturates
|
|
|
What are sundown symptoms in the elderly?
|
Hallucinations and delusions at noc
|
|
|
Name some OTC and street drugs that may cause delirium or acute psychosis
|
Salisylates, antihistamines, ETOH, LSD, cocaine, amphmanines
|
|
|
Symptoms of major depression
|
IN SAD CAGES
~interest, sleep, appetite, decreased mood, activity, guilt, energy, suicide |
|
|
Vegetative symptoms
|
decreased appetite, concentration, chronic fatigue, agitation, decreased sleep, wt loss
|
|
|
What is dysthymia?
|
~ is a chronic condition characterized by depressive symptoms that occur for most of the day, more days than not, for at least 2 years. In children, the mood may be irritable rather than depressed, and the required minimum duration is only 1 year. During this 2-year period (1 year for children or adolescents), any symptom-free interval cannot last longer than 2 months.
|
|
|
A 24 year old patient comes to the ED with chest pain, dyspnea, and dizziness, after cardiac problems are ruled out what is suspected by the nurse?
|
~ Hyperventilation
|
|
|
Hallucinogens affect what neurotransmitter?
|
~serotonin
|
|
|
Who has a greater risk of mood disorders men/women?
|
women
|
|
|
Factitious disorders
|
~ Mental illness describes abnormal cognitive or emotional patterns related to how a person thinks, feels, acts, and/or relates to others and his or her surroundings. Factitious disorders are mental disorders in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when, in fact, he or she has consciously created his or her symptoms.
|
|
|
What is an extreme case of a factitious disorder?
|
Munchausen’s
|
|
|
Why is Haloperidol a preferred neuroleptic drug?
|
~ It has few side effects, however can increase extra pyramidal effects
|
|
|
What is the only neuroleptic drug that does not have tardive dyskinesia as a side effect?
|
~ clozapine
|
|
|
What happens when there is a mixture of Benzos with ETOH?
|
~ Death
|
|
|
What is a contraindication to Benzos?
|
~ Acute narrow angle glaucoma and pregnancy
|
|
|
Why are MAOI’s not frequently prescribed?
|
They have so many side effects
|
|
|
What are 3 common MAOI’s?
|
Nardial, Marplan, Parnate
|
|
|
What are drugs that should not be taken with MAOI’S?
|
Demerol, Ritalin, SSRI’s
|
|
|
What are extrapyramidal reactions?
|
Dsytonia, Parkinson’s like syndrome
|
|
|
OCD generally beings before what age?
|
~ 25
|
|
|
What is a complication of a non-pregnant woman taking a neuroleptic?
|
~pseudolactation
|
|
|
What are common obsessions with OCD?
|
~ Order of objects, hand washing, religion
|
|
|
Separation anxiety average onset is at what age
|
~9
|
|
|
Who is more successful at suicide men or women?
|
~men, older
|
|
|
Major depression and bipolar affect disorders account for what % of suicides?
|
~50%
|
|
|
What are pre-indicators of potential violent patients?
|
~male, history of violence, and substance abuse
|
|
|
Characteristics of labile affects
|
~ Up and down mood swings
|
|
|
What is amnesia?
|
~ A condition is which the memory is disturbed
|
|
|
How does a nurse face a question from a terminally ill child?
|
~ The best response from the nurse in any cases when someone is terminally ill is honesty
|
|
|
What psych problems associated with violence?
|
~ Acute schizophrenia, mania, borderline, antisocial, delusions, depression
|
|
|
What are indicators of violent behaviors?
|
~ Anxiety, defensiveness, physical aggression
|
|
|
~Akathisia
|
is a frequent and common adverse effect of treatment with antipsychotic (neuroleptic) drugs. This syndrome consists of subjective (feeling of inner restlessness and the urge to move) as well as objective components (rocking while standing or sitting, lifting feet as if marching on the spot and crossing and uncrossing the legs while sitting).
|
|
|
Catalepsy
|
is a condition characterized by muscular rigidity, fixity of posture and decreased sensitivity to pain
|
|
|
Waxy flexibility
|
flexibility is a psychomotor symptom of catatonic schizophrenia which leads to a decreased response to stimuli and a tendency to remain in an immobile posture.[1] For instance, if you were to move the arm of someone with waxy flexibility, they would keep their arm where you moved it until it was moved again, as if made from wax.
|
|
|
How is a PCP overdose medically treated
|
acidify the urine (cranberry juice) give benzodiazepine, restrain patient
|
|
|
~ illusion-
|
is a distortion of the senses, revealing how the brain normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulation
|
|
|
auditory hallucination-
|
occurs when people hear voices or other noises although nothing is there
|
|
|
Functional hallucination
|
is defined as those that occur when a patient simultaneously receives a real stimulus in the perceptual field concerned (e.g., hallucinated voices heard simultaneously with—and specific to—the real sound of running water)
|
|
|
extracampine hallucination
|
Hallucinations beyond the visual field
|
|
|
Is it possible that a person can develop PTSD if they have not seen a disturbing event
|
~ Yes
|
|
|
What are s/s that suggest organic source of psychosis?
|
~ Acute onset, disorientation, evidence of OD, less than 10 years
|
|
|
When are women at an increased risk for developing a psychiatric illness?
|
post partum
|
|
|
When does postpartum psychosis begin
|
~ Within the first few weeks to 10 days following birth
|
|
|
What % of patients with schizo become chronically ill
|
~ 60-80% (males are at an increased risk)
|
|
|
Characteristics of schizophrenia
|
onset in early 20’s, is a "disorder of thought", and, indeed, one of the
prototypical symptoms of schizophrenia is the presence of delusions, which are beliefs that are significantly different from consensus reality. So, for example, schizophrenics may believe that a person or group of people are out to harm them in some way (i.e., paranoid delusions), or they may believe that they are some important/famous person, such as Jesus Christ (i.e., delusions of grandeur). Schizophrenics typically experience some type of hallucinations. That is, they experience things via their sensory system that others do not. The most typical of these are auditory hallucinations, though they can be visual, tactile, or even olfactory. Schizophrenia also sometimes includes a blunted or flat affect, meaning that they do not show emotion to the |
|
|
Know criteria for admitting someone if they present with psychiatric disorder
|
Know criteria for admitting someone if they present with psychiatric disorder
|
