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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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RBC, erythrocytes
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Adult man 4.6 to 6.2
Adult women 4.2 to 5.4 Child 3.2 to 5.2 |
determines actual number of cells in relation to volume
-inc w/ hypoxia, dehydration, polycythemia -dec w/ recent bleeding, kidney probs, illness |
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WBC, leukocytes
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Adult 5,000 to 10,000
child 5,000 to 13,000 |
establishes amount and maturity of WBC elements.
urine tests-WBCs= present with infection and inflammation -inc w. infection, inflammation, stress, tissue necrosis -dec w/ viral infections, chemo, radiation, NSAIDs |
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Hemoglobin
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Man 13-18 g/dl
Woman 12-16 Child 11-12.5 |
determines the amount of hemoglobin per 100ml of blood
-inc w/ polycythemia, COPD, O2 loss becus of CHF, live in high altitudes -dec w/ anemias, excess fluid, hemorrhage |
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Hematocrit
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Man 42-50%
Woman 40-48% Child 35-45% |
Measures % of RBC per fluid volume of blood
-inc w/ dehydration, hemoconcentration r/t shock -dec w/ anemias+pregnancy, blood loss |
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Bleeding time
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1 to 9 min
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measures duration of bleeding after standardized skin incision. Used for preoperative screening.
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PTT partial thromboplastin time
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20 -39 sec
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Monitors effectiveness of heparin therapy.
Detects coagulation disorders In liver disease, PTT prolonged due to lack of vit K |
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platelet count (thrombocyte count)
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100,000 to 400,000
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used to diagnose hemorrhagic diseases, thrombocytopenia
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prothrombin time (PT)
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9.5 - 12.0 sec
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Monitors effectiveness of coumadin therapy. Detects coagulation disorders.
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Sedimentation rate (ESR)
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Man 0-15
Woman 0-20 |
speed at which RBC's settle in well-mixed venous blood. Tests for inflammation
-inc w/ tissue distruction, pregnancy, arthritis, inflammatory bowel -dec w/ abnormalities of RBC inhibits sedmination like, sickle cell, polycythemia, |
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Glucose tolerance test (GTT)
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fasting 60-110
1hr 190 2 hr 140 3 hr 125 |
measures ability of the body to secrete insulin in response to hypergylycemia
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total cholesterol
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optimal <200
borderline 200-239 high >239 |
evaluates tendency for atherosclerosis
Overnight fast |
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Low density lipoproteins (LDL)
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optimal <139
borderline 140-160 high >160 |
determines whether elevated cholesterol levels are caused by increased LDL or HDL
fast for 12-14 hours |
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HDL
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men 35-70
women 35-85 |
determines whether elevated cholesterol levels are caused by increased LDL or HDL
fast for 12-14 hours |
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creatinine
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adult 0.6- 1.5
Child 0.4 - 1.2 infant 0.3- 0.6 |
test for renal function
NPO for 8 hours list pt meds on lab slip |
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Alkaline phosphate
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adult 30-150
infant to adolescent up to 104 |
test for renal function
NPO for 8-12 hours list pt meds on lab slip |
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creatinine kinase (CK) CK isoenzymes
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man 55-170
woman 30-135 child 0-70 |
used to dx acute MI
detected in blood in 3-5 hours |
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serum albumin
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3.5- 5.5
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proteins are produced by the liver
levels may diminish in hepatic disease severely decreased serum albumin results in generalized edema |
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BUN
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7-18 or 8-25?
over 60yrs: 8-20 |
evaluate renal function
values affected by protein intake, tissue breakdown, fluid volume changes. -inc with dehydration -dec with fluid excess, pregnancy |
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potassium, K
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3.5-5.0
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-inc w/ addisons disease, oliguria, anuria, hemolysis
-dec w/ diahhrea, vomiting |
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Calcium
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8.5-10.5
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-inc w/ tumor or hyperplasia of parathyroid, mulimyeloma
-dec w/ diarrhea, malnutrition |
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magnesium, MG
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1.8-2.2
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-inc w/ ingestion of epsom salts
-dec w/ chronic alcoholism, severe renal disease |
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ph
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7.35-7.45
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PaO2
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80-100 mmHg
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SaO2
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95-98%
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PaCO2
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35-45 mmHg
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respiratory acidosis >45mmHg
respiratory alkalosis <35mmHg |
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HCO3
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22-26 mEq/L
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metabolic acidosis <22
metabolic alkalosis >26 |
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AST
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10-40 units
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ALT
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5-35
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LDH
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100-225
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blood ammonia (arterial)
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15-40
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liver converts ammonia to urea
In liver disease, ammonia levels rise |
