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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Importance of Cultural Competence
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-changing demographics
- legislative, regulatory and accredidation mandates -decreases claims of malpractice and liability |
->329 languages, 28% and should be 50% by 2050
-culture influences how people view healthcare and this should be respected; majority Caucassion nurses -language barriers |
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4 Major Challenges for Healthcare providers due to culture
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Cultural differences
Communication Ethics Trust |
-some groups predisposed to disease
-interpreters -respect of different beliefs -patient's past experience with healthcare |
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Culture
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shared beliefs and values
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Transcultural nursing
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provide culturally specific care
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Assimilation
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minority group lives with dominant group and loses cultural traits that made them different
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"America is a melting pot"
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Culture Shock
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fear and frustration that comes with being in different culture
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FEELINGS
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Ethnicity
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identification with group based on common heritage
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common language, dialect, literature, music, folklore, food preferences
COMMON HERITAGE |
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Race
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means of categorizing people into groups based on shared biological and physical traits
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body structure, skin pigmentation, facial features, genetic predisposition
SHARED BIO AND PHYSICAL TRAITS |
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Ethnocentrism
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idea that one's ideas and beliefs are the best
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often unconsciously imposed on others
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Stereotyping
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ignoring differences and assuming all of a culture or ethnicity are alike
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Cultural Awareness
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self examination of own biases and prejudices and own cultural and ethnic background;
your FEELINGS |
important step before providing care
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Cultural Competence
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applying health care to anyone with knowledge of culture's effect on health one's own cultural biases and the impact on others
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Cultural Sensitivity
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your ATTITUDE
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Cultural Knowledge
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your KNOWLEDGE
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Cultural Skills
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your ACTIONS
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Communication
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preserves culture
message intended vs. message received verbal and nonverbal |
most difficult problem
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Space
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distance between individuals when they interact differs between cultures
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Time Orientation
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differences in way time is perceived
present oriented=relationships are more important Native Americans-no future planning cause future is out of one's control South Asian- lateness=respect |
problems may arise with planning discharge
or time conscious nursed seen as rude |
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Social Organization
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way group organizes around family,religion and roles
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view of death
folk healers value of youth vs. value of aged |
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Environmental Control
PERSONAL VIEW vs NATURE VIEW |
ability to control environment
Americans feel they are in control while other groups feel that nature is |
personal view: consequence of punishment
natural view: consequence of imbalance in body |
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Biological Variations
sickle cell anemia AAs need higher dosages of beta blockers AAs get hypertension |
genetics differences
some drugs metabolize differently some disease are more prevalent in some |
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Cultural Norms of the American Health Care System
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Habits: documentation
frequent use of jargon |
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American Health Care System
Likes and Dislikes and Definition: |
systematic approach and problem solving methodology
-neatness and organization Dislikes=lateness and disorganization |
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American Health Care System
Customs: |
deference and adherence to pecking order
uses certain procedures with birth and death |
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AHCS
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-patriarchal system
-patient punctuality but not always punctual provider -examination requires undressing and touching |
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Tips to Enhance Cultural Competence
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-address patient by family name
-avoid stereotypes -be honest about ignorance and get info. -conversate -interact before and during nursing task -be open to change and traditional medicines -adapt nursing inventions to culture -value culture |
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Cultural Assessment
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-insight into the patient's beliefs about illness and treatment
-info on traditional curing practices -those to be included in care plan are identified -aspect of illness is clarified |
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Spirituality
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-person's relationship to higher power
-oceanic bond with others -provides purpose, meaning and strength |
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Faith
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-confidence in something when there's no material proof
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Religion
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-organized system of beliefs about a higher power
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Hope
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-positive outlook in times of distress
-enables one to consider the future and work towards it |
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Spiritual Beliefs
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reflected in life and self care
-relates to worship, guilt and forgiveness, and life transitions |
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practices focused on spiritual dimension of care
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blood transfusions, dietary restrictions, birth control practices.
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Nursing considerations
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-spirituality is important to respect patients beliefs and practices
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LEARN
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Listen to patient's problems with sympathy
Explain your perception of problem Acknowledge and discuss differences and similarities Recommend treatment Negotiate agreement |
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