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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1.)A. What is the basic definition of theory?
B. What is nursing theory? |
1.) A theory is an idea or insight about how or why something works. In a more scientific sense, theory means having considerable evidence to support some general principle or principles that can explain the operation of a certain phenomenon. Barnum (1994) defines theory as a “construct that accounts for or organized some phenonmenon” and notes that a “nursing theory, then, describes or explains nursing.
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2.) What are three examples of borrowed theories used in nursing?
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2.) An example of a borrowed theory from physiology is Hans Selye’s stress theory. Examples of theories that nurses use from psychology are Erik Erickson’s developmental theory and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
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3.) How is nursing theory related to nursing practice?
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3.) Nursing theory guides and directs nursing practice. Nurses in practice settings are continually testing theory even though they may not be aware of it. Whenever nurses are engaged in any nursing activity, they are generally operating on the basis of a theory that what they are doing actually works.
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4.) What are the four primary theoretical components of nursing theory?
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4.) Most comprehensive nursing theories include a set of assumptions about the nature of four basic components: (1) the human being, (2) the enviroment, (3) health and illness, (4) nursing.
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5.)A. What is a worldview?
B. What is its relationship to nursing theory? |
5.) A worldview is a set of presuppositions or assumptions about the basic makeup of the world. The content of different nursing theories and an understanding of the four basic components of nursing theory ( human being, environment, health and illness, and nursing) reflect the worldview of the theorist.
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Name prominent nursing theorists
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Virginia Henderson
Madeline Leininger Myra E. Levine Betty Neuman Florence Nightingale Dorothea Orem Hildegard Peplau Martha Rogers Sister Callista Roy Judith Allen Shelly & Arlene B. Miller Jean Watson |
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Give Virgina Henderson's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Coauthor of Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nuring
Theory is based on developmental needs similar to Maslow’s hierarchy. |
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Give Madeline Leininger's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Developed the theory of culture care
First nurse to systematically define and focus on caring Theorist with Ph.D. in anthropology |
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Give Myra E. Levine's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Energy conservation and renewal based on the second law of thermodynamics
Theory is based on energy conservation priniciples |
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Give Betty Neuman's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Believed that nurses’ role is to identify potential stressors and strengthen lines of defense
Theory is based on systems theory |
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Give Florence Nightingal's defining characteristics as a theorist
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First nursing theorist
Theory is considered humanistic and enviromental |
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Give Dorothea Orem's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Believed that nursing roles are wholly or partially compensatory of educational and supportive
Theory acknowledges self-care deficit |
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Give Hildegard Peplau's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Defined six roles for nurses: stranger, resource person, teacher, leader, surrogate, and counselor.
Theory is called interpersonal theory Theory is based on models of verbal interaction seen in psychiatry and psychology Author of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing: A conceptual Frame of Reference for Psychodynamic nursing. Promoted nursing that helps patients change patterns that obstruct goal achievement |
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Give Martha Roger's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Developed the science of unitary human beings
Theory is based on concept of energy fields Theory supports various alternative therapies like therapeutic touch |
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Give Sister Callista Roy's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Believed that people must adapt to a changing external and internal environment in order to be healthy
Theory includes regulator and cognator mechanisms |
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Give Judith Allen Shelly & Arlene B. Miller's defining characteristics as theorists
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Caring based on concepts of shalom and salvation
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Give Jean Watson's defining characteristics as a theorist
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Author of Nursing: Human Science and Human Care; A Theory of Nursing
Established the Center for Human Caring at the University of Colorado theory supports various alternative therapies like therapeutic touch View of caring is Eastern metaphysical in nature Wrote about carative factors in nursing |
