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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an acute/chronic local/systemic, insidious disease that involves ______ of _____ tissue in diarthrodial (____) joints. It is accompanied by _____ manifestations. There is an autoimmune theory about RA's development- a normal/abnormal Ig_ leads to the presence of ___antibodies known as ____ ____. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is RA considered?
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Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic disease that involves inflammation of connective tissue in diarthrodial (synovial) joints. It is accompanied by extraarticular manifestations. There is an autoimmune theory about RA's development- abnormal IgG leads to the presence of autoantibodies known as Rheumatoid Factor (RF). RA is a type 3 immune complex reaction- the complexes systemically damage tissues causing destruction.
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There may be a _____ component in adult RA. Extraarticular means that the disease does not just involve the joints (outside the joints). Is RA symmetrical or nonsymmetrical in its development? The exacerbations are very similar to ___ as far as how s/s occur.
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There may be a genetic component in adult RA. Extraarticular means that the disease does not just involve the joints (outside the joints). Is RA symmetrical in its development (not just one bad leg or hip etc. like in osteoarthritis.) The exacerbations are very similar to SLE as far as how s/s occur.
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Some of the areas outside the joints that are affected by RA include what 4?
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heart- pericarditis
lung- pleuritis eyes blood vessels |
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What are the clinical manifestations of RA?
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Joints: SPAM WIFF
stiffness (esp. in morning or after periods of inactivity) pain anorexia muscle atrophy (deformity) Weight Loss Inflammation (heat, swelling) fever fatigue (very debilitating) Rheumatoid Nodules- firm, nontender granuloma type masses on surfaces of fingers and elbows (not usually removed because of high incidence of recurrence) Sjögeren’s syndrome Felty syndrome |
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The presence of rheumatoid nodules usually indicates..
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The presence of rheumatoid nodules usually indicates active or more severe diseases, higher level of rheumatoid factors
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Sjögeren’s syndrome can occur as a disease by itself or in conjunction with RA and ____. Describe Sjögeren’s syndrome
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Sjögeren’s syndrome can occur as a disease by itself or in conjunction with RA and SLE. Sjögeren’s syndrome- ↓ ability to make tears, photosensitivity, dry, burning, itching eyes, ↓ salivation
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Felty's syndrome most commonly occurs in patients with severe, ___ forming RA. It is characterized by ...(5 things)
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Felty's Syndrome- occurs most commonly in patients with severe, nodule forming RA. It is characterized by inflammatory eye disorders, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pulmonary disease, and blood dyscrasias (anemia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia)
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Without treatment for RA, joint deformity can occur within a year. What are the complications of RA?
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joint destruction
flexion contractures & hand deformities- cause diminished grasp strength and affect patient's ability to perform ADLs nodular myositis- infl. of muscle causing pain rheumatoid nodules- can lead to pressure ulcers cardiopulmonary effects- myocarditis, pericarditis |
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What are some diagnostic studies involved with RA?
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Diagnostic studies
◦ Labs: positive RF, ANA titers ◦ ESR, C-reactive protein (CRP) ◦ Anti-cyclic citrulline peptide (anti-CCP) - confirms dx ◦ WBC count of synovial fluid elevated, fluid is cloudy ◦ X-rays ESR and CRP are not diagnostic specifically for RA because they indicate nonspecific inflammation, it's a good lab to monitor effectiveness of drugs or tx. |
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The American Rheumatism Association Classification defines a RA by having at least ___ of the following 7 criteria:
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The American Rheumatism Association Classification defines a RA by having at least four of the following 7 criteria:
morning sitffness lasting ≥ 1 h* swelling in 3+ joints* swelling in hand joints* symmetric joint swelling* erosions or decalcification seen on hand x-rays Rheumatoid nodules presence of serum RF *must be present for at least 6 weeks |
