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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the indications for IV therapy?(4)
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1. restore f/e balance
2. route for medication administration 3. transfuse blood/products 4. TPN and supplements |
F/E, M, B, N
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what is the most stable fluid compartment?
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ICF
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What are some examples of TCF?
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intraocular
pleura peritoneal CSF synovial |
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What are some ways to ID fluid deficit?
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Wt loss
thready pulse decreased bp poor tugor thirst dry lips |
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how long does it take a healthy individual to return fluid balance?
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1-2 days
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What are some (3) types of IV solutions?
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Isotonic
Hypertonic Hypotonic |
IHH
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What are isotonic solutions used for?
What are 2 examples? |
expand ECF - never enter ICF, intravascular expander
0.9% NS lactated ringers |
E
NS LR |
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What are hypertonic solutions used for?
What are some examples? |
used to replace lytes
shift fluid from cells to plasma D5NS, D50.45NS, - hyper initially then shift hypo 3% saline, 10% and 50% dextrose |
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What are hypotonic solutions?
Some examples? |
Less osmolarity than the cells, so shifts water into the cells - can deplete the CV system
- 0.45NS, 0.33 NaCl |
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What do you need to start an IV?
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- Dr.s orders
- modes of delivery |
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What are 3 modes of delivery for an IV?
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1) Continuous infusion
2) Intermittent therapy via piggy back or saline lock 3) Direct injection (IV push) |
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What size cannula should be used for an IV?
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Depends on purpose of IV
22-24 for elderly 20 most common 18 for blood products |
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Why do you flush before pushing meds?
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Ensure cannula into bl vessel, if not,
- feel pain - see bump under skin - feel hard to push |
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When would you use a vented drip chamber?
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When using a glass bottle - TPN, and some albumins
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For how long is a site/tubing patent?
For how long is a bag useable? |
72 hours
24 hours |
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Why is saline used to flush IV site?
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Because it does not coagulate with blood, glucose does
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How often should a s/l be flushed?
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twice a day
s/b on MAR |
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What things should a N look at when coming on shift with a patient with an IV?
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solution
tubing - intact, air bubbles, date, connections bag IV site IV cannula position of IV and limb flow rate fluid balance pump programmed right |
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What are 2 potential complications of IV therapy?
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Infiltration
Phlebitis with tracking |
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What are
1) S&S 2) preventions 3) actions of infiltration |
1) swelling, coolness, discomfort, slow rate,
2) choose appropriate site, stabilise cannula properly 3) stop infusion, dc cannula, restart new site, warm compress, elevate extremity |
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What are
1) S&S 2) preventions 3) actions 4) causes of phlebitis |
1) warmth, redness, tenderness, swelling, vein cordlike
2) smooth insertion, stabilise properly 3) dc cannula, restart, warm compress 4) mech or chem trauma, solution too hard on vein, flow rate too high |
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