Nursing 1St Semester: Lewis Ch 26 Chest Wall Anatomy

Front 1

Chest wall is shaped, supported, and protected by _____

Back 1

24 ribs. Also known as thoracic cage. Protects heart and lungs.

Front 2

Chest cavity lined by the

Back 2

parietal pleura

Front 3

Lungs lines by

Back 3

visceral pleura

Front 4

Unlike the visceral pleura, the parietal pleura has _____.

Back 4

Sensory pain fibers. Therefore irritation of parietal pleura causes pain with each breath

Front 5

The two pleuras join together to form a

Back 5

closed, double walled sac

Front 6

Space between pleural layers is called

Back 6

intrapleural space which contains 20-25 mL of fluid

Front 7

The fluid in the intrapleural space serves two purposes

Back 7

it provides lubrication so the pleural layers can slide over each other during breathing and it increases cohesion between the pleural layers, facilitation expansion of the pleura and lung during inspiration

Front 8

Fluid drains from the pleural space by

Back 8

lymphatic circulation

Front 9

Pleural Effusion

Back 9

accumulation of greater amounts of fluid in intrapleural space. Caused by several pathologic conditions.

Front 10

Excess fluids in intrapleural space may accumulate because of blockage of _______ (such as from malignant cells) or when there is an imbalance between intravascular and oncotic fluid pressures, such as in ________

Back 10

Lymphatic drainage, heart failure

Front 11

Empyema

Back 11

purulent (full of pus) pleural fluid with bacterial infection

Front 12

Major muscle of respiration

Back 12

diaphragm

Front 13

Air enters the lungs because of what change in pressure?

Back 13

Intrathoracic pressure. Diaphragm contracts, increasing intrathoracic volume and pushes abdominal contents downward, this causes the size of the thoracic cavity to increase and intrathoracic pressure to decrease.