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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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HOLISM
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The concept of a complete person physical, social, psychological and spiritual. Woven together and can not be separated.
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physical, social, psychological, and spiritual
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Need
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Something necessary or desired for maintaining life and mental well being.
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Culture
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The characteristics of a group of people language, values, beliefs, habits, likes, dislikes, customs passed from one generation to the next
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Religion
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Spiritual beliefs in needs and practice
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Disability
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Any lost, absent, or impaired physical or mental function
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Level of Function
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A person highest potential for mental & physical performance encourage the person to be as independent as possible
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Obstetrics
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a branch of medicine concerned with the care of women during pregnancy labor and childbirth and for 6 to 8 weeks after birth
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Pediatrics
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The branch of medicine concerned with the growth, development and care of children; 0 to teenage.
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Psychiatry
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The branch of medicine concerned with mental health problems
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Bariatrics
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The field of medicine focused on the treatment and control of obesity
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Obesity
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An excess amount of total body fat; A person is said to be obese when his or her weight is 20% or more above what is considered normal for that persons height and age
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Morbid Obesity
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The person weighs 100 pounds or more over his or her normal weight
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Geriatric
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the branch of medicine concerned with the problems and disease of old age and older persons
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In order identify and describe Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
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1. Physical Need
2. Safety & Security 3. Love & Belonging 4. Self-Esteem Needs 5. The Need for self Actualization |
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Physical Need
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Food water, rest, shelter, restroom
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Safety & Security
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Feeling Safe from Harm or Danger
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Love & Belonging
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Love, Closeness & Affection
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Self-Esteem Needs
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Self worth, value to think well of oneself & to see oneself as useful and having value
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The Need for self Actualization
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Experiencing ones potential
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Identify 5 population of clients the NA will assist in the LTC & Home Health
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Obstetrics
Pediatrics Psychiatry Bariatrics Geriatrics |
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Identify 10 elements to be considered to communicate effectively with the client
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1. Follow the rules of communication
2. Understand & respect the patient or resident as a person 3. View the person as a physical, psychological, social & spiritual human being. 4. Appreciate the person's problems & frustrations 5. Respect the person's rights 6. Respect the person's religion & culture. 7. Give the person time to understand the information that you give. 8. Repeat information as often as needed. 9. Ask questions to see if the person understood you 10. Be patient, people with memory problems may ask you the same questions many times. 11. Include the person in conversations when others are present. This includes when a co-worker is assisting you with care. |
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10 rules to be implemented when communicating
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1. Face the person, look directly at the person.
2. Position yourself at the person's eye level. Sit or squat by the person as needed. 3. Control the loudness & tone of your voice, 4. Speak clearly, slowly & distinctively 5. Do not use slang or vulgar words. 6. Repeat information as needed. 6. Ask one question at a time, wait for answer 7. Do no shout, whisper or mumble 8. Be kind courteous & friendly |
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Non-verbal communication
2 types |
1. Touch: hand gestures & placement
2. Body language: facial expressions, posture, eye contact |
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Identify effective therapeutic communication techniques
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1. listening
2.Paraphrasing 3. Direct Questions 4. Open ended questions 5. Clarifying 6. Focusing 7. Silence |
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Listening
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focus on the verbal and non-verbal communications
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Paraphrasing
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restate the persons message in your own words
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Direct Questions
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Specific question that require a yes or no answer only
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Open-ended questions
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Questions that encourage the person to open up/share
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Clarifying
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Ensures that you understand. You may request for them to restate the message
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Focusing
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When a person gets off track, you reiterate the information that is needed, You get back to the main concern.
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Silence
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Not saying anything, just being there
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Barriers to Effective therapeutic communication
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1.Using Unfamiliar language
2. Cultural differences 3. Changing the subject 4. Talking to much when others are silent 5. Failure to listen 6. Pat answers 7. Illness & disabilities 8. Age |
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Using Unfamiliar language
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You and the person must understand and use the same language
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Cultural Differences
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The person may attach different meaning to verbal & non-verbal communication
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Paraphrasing
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Restate the persons message in your own words.
1. Shows you are listening 2. Let the person see if you understand the message 3. Promotes further communication |
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Direct Questions
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Questions that focus on certain information. Some require a Yes or No answer, while others require more information.
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1. Do you want a shower this morning
2. You said that you didn't eat will this morning, can you tell me what you ate? |
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Open-ended Questions
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Question that lead or invite the person to share thoughts, feelings or ideas
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1. "What do you like about living with your son."
2. What do you like about retirement.? |
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Clarifying
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Lets you make sure that you understood the message. You can ask the person to repeat the message.
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1. "Could you say that again?"
2. "I'm sorry, I don't understand what you mean." 3. "Are you saying that you want to go home?" |
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Focusing
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Dealing with a certain topic. When a person rambles or gets off track, you brings them back to the main concern
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1. "lets talk about your breakfast, you said that you don't feel like eating."
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Silence
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Silence is a very powerful way to communicate, sometimes you don't need to say anything. Silence is useful when making decisions, and when the person is upset & needs to gain control.
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1. Just being there can show you care.
2. It can give the person time to think, organize thoughts, or choose words |
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Communication Barriers
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1. Using unfamiliar language
2.Cultural differences 3. Changing the subject 4. Giving your opinion 5. Talking a lot when others are silent 6. Failure to listen 7. Pat answers 8. Illness and disabilities 9. Age |
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Using unfamiliar language
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You and the person must understand the same language.
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Cultural differences
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The person may attach different verbal and non-verbal communcation
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Changing the subject
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Someone changes the subject when the topic is uncomfortable
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Giving your opinion
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Opinions involve judging values, behaviors or feelings.
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Talking a lot when others are silent
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Talking to much is usually because of nervousness and discomfort.
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Failure to listen
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Do not pretend to listen. It shows lack of interest and caring. It causes poor response.
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You may miss complaints of pain, discomfort or other symptoms that you must report to the nurse.
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Pat answers
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This makes the person feel that you do not care about his or her concerns, feeling and fears.
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1. Don't worry
2. Everything will be ok 3. Your doctors knows best |
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Illness & Disabilities
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Some illnesses, injury & birth defects affect speech, vision, cognitive function, and body movements
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Verbal and Non-verbal are affected
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Age
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Values & communication styles vary among age groups.
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Communication pie
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7% verbal
38% intonation 55% non verbal |
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One way communication
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1.Sender: has and idea
2. Encode: through gestures, words, body language. 3. Message: verbal, non-verbal sent through touch, withing therapeutic communication 4. Decode: How is it read 5. Receiver 6.Feedback (2 way) |
Feed back is a 2 way communication
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Disability Etiquette
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1.Extend the same courtesies to the person as you would to anyone else
2.Allow the person privacy 3.Treat adults as adults 4. Speak directly to the person 5. Allow the person extra time to do or say things 6. Ask the person if they need help before acting 7. Sit or squat to talk to a person in a wheelchair 8. Do not pat a person that is in a wheelchair on the head 9. Do not hang or lean on a person that is in a wheelchair 10. Think before giving the person directions(weather conditions, stairs, curbs etc) |
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Comatose
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Being unable to respond to stimuli
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A person that is comatose is unconscious.
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Behavior Issues
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1. Anger
2. Demanding behavior 3. Self-centered behavior 4. Aggressive behavior 5. Withdrawal 6. Inappropriate sexual behavior |
1. Recognize frustrating & frightening situations
2. Treat the person with dignity 3. Answer question clearly and thoroughly 4. Do not keep the person waiting 5. Stay calm & professional 6. Do not argue with the person Report the behavior to the nurse 7. Listen & use silence |
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Anger
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Anger is a common emotion. Causes include fear, pain, dying and death
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Anger is a symptom of disease that affects thinking and behavior.
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Demanding
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Nothing seems to please them. They are critical of others
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Caused by loss of independence, loss of health, loss of control of life , unmet needs
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Self-centered
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The person cares only about his/her own needs.
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The person become impatient if there needs are not met
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Aggressive
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The person may swear, bit, hit, pinch, scratch.
Fear, pain or dementia |
Protect the person, others and yourself from harm
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Withdrawal
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The person has little or no contact with family, friends and staff.
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Inappropriate sexual behavior
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Sexual remarks or touch. The person may disrobe or masturbate in public
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May be on purpose, or are caused by disease, confusion, dementia or drug side effects.
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