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26 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Phase 1 of general anesthesia
Premedication with a sedative/hypnotic (VERSED):A narcotic analgesic (meperidine,morophine,fentanyl):and a parasympathetic inhibitor (atropine)
Phase 2 of general anesthesia
Induction with an ultra-short acting barbituate anesthetic (DIPRIVAN) The PT is preoxygenated with a high flow of O2 with mask.
PHASE 3 OF GENERAL ANASTHESIA
Endotracheal intubation is performed after giving neuromuscular blockin agent (ROCURONIUM). Deep skeletal relaxation also occurs now. PT is positioned and preped for surgery.
PHASE 4 of general anasthesia
Maintenance of general anesthesia is with an anesthetic gas (DESFLURANE) possibly in conjunction with an I.V. barbituate or narcotic analgesic (fentanyl or sufentanil)
Phase 5 of general anesthesia
Emergence Phase (reversal) occurs as the agents are stopped and neuromuscular blocker needs to be reversed with (NEOSTIGMINE and RUBINOL). Some patients, especialluy pediatric and young patients may experience "excitement stage". Observe and maintain adequate airway and PT safety.
Phase 6 of general anesthesia
Recovery Phase: Pt monitored closely in the PACU to ensure adequate ventillation, V/S stability, and pain management.
Adjuvant meds to treat bradycardia heart rate perioperatively
RUBINOL or ATROPINE for bradycardia
Adjuvant meds to treat BP
EPHEDRINE for hypotension
LABATELOL fot hypertension
Anti-emetics to prevent nausea
PHENEGRAN, ZOFRAN - to treat nausea
Bicitra
Acid Neutralizer
S/E diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, fluid retention (water gain), convulsions, unusual weakness
Precautions: kidney or heart disease, liver disease, Addison's disease, high blood pressure, sodium
Versed (Midazolam)
Benzodiazapine
Sedative/Amnesic
S/E: Resp depresion, apnea, delayed emergence from anesthesia
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Opioid Narcotic
Analgesic: 1-2 hrs
S/E - Resp depression, depresision, bradycardia, hypotension, N & V, muscle ridgidity
Sufentanyl (Sufenta)
Opioid Narcotic
Analgesic: 30-60 min
S/E - Resp depression, bradycardia, hypotension, N & V
Diprivan (Propofol)
IV hypnotic (NO ANALGESIA)
Hypnotic: very short (Minutes)
S/E: Apnea, pain on injection, hypotension, twitching
Sevoflurane
General anesthetic
used for fast induction and maintenance of general anesthesia
Desflurane (Suprane)
Inhalation Anesthesic: Very short action
Myocardial depression, hypotension, coughing, N&V, can cause MH (malignant hyperthermia)
Succinylcholine (Anectine)
DEPOLARIZING Neuromuscular Blocker: 5-10 mon
Muscle pain, hyperkalemia (pts with burns, upper motor neuron lesions, muscular dystrophies, major muscular injuries, spinal cord injuries), MH (malignant hyperthermia)
Rocuronium (Zemuron)
NON-depolarizin intramuscular blocker
N&V, Bronchospasms, hiccups, hyper/hypotension, wheezing
Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
REVERSAL for Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents
S/E: Sinus bradycardia, N&V, salivation, diaphoresis, bronchospasm
Robinul (glycopyrrolate)
Anticholinergic: up to 7 hrs
s/e:Dizziness, drowsiness, sinus tachycardia, increases intraocular pressure
Atropine
Anticholinergic: 2 hrs
S/E: Inhibits salivary and respiratory secretions, causes bronchodilation, counteracts bradycardia and other dysrythmias, increases intra-ocular pressure
Romazicon (Flumazenil)
benzodiazepine antagonist, used as an antidote in the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose: 1-2 minutes
Narcan (Naloxone)
Opoid antagonist:1-4 hrs
N&V, withdrawal symtopms in narcotic addicts
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Local anesthetic
Marcaine (bupivicaine)
local anaesthesia including infiltration, nerve block, epidural, and intrathecal anaesthesia. Bupivacaine often is administered by epidural injection before total hip arthroplasty.
Balanced anesthesia
A technique of general anesthesia based on the concept that administration of a mixture of small amounts of several neuronal depressants summates the advantages but not the disadvantages of the individual components of the mixture.