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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease)?
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OA is the degeneration & loss of articular cartilage in synovial joints, usually affecting the hand and weight bearing joints (spine, knees, hips). NO INFLAMMATION
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What are risk factors for OA/DJD?
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OA Risk Factors
- aging - obesity - joint trauma: repetitive movements, frequent strains/sprains/breaks, pounding - genetic ? |
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What advice can a nurse give to minimize damage to joints?
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- weight reduction
- protective sports gear - warm up before exercise - minimize repetitive movements |
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Describe the pathophysiology of OA
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- cartilage softesn with age, narrowing the joint space.
- normal use thins and erodes cartilage - cartilage flakes enter the synovial lining - fibroses - synovitis - limits joint movement. |
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What are osteophytes and lipping?
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Osteophytes are bony spurs, especially around margins of cartilage - lipping.
They can break loose and lodge in synovial space - synovitis |
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What are the most commonly affected joints in OA/DJD?
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hips: coxarthrosis
knees: varus or valgus deformities hands wrist: CMC carpo-metacarpal |
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What are PIP and DIP?
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They are the names of the joints in the hands affected by OA/DJD.
PIP: Proximal InterPhalageal Joint DIP: Distal InterPhalangeal Joint |
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What are Heberden's nodes and Bouchard's nodes and how the hell can I remember which is which?
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Bouchard's Nodes are in the PIP joint. "holding a bat"
Herbreden's Nodes are in the DIP joint. "holding a hair" |
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What are varus and valgus deformities? And what is the memory aid for this?
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Varus: bowlegged. think V AIR US - air between knees
Valgus: knock knee |
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What are some assessment findings in OA/DJD?
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- pain relieved by resting (versus RA)
- joint stiffness, decreases with movement (versus RA) - Heberden's Nodes & Bouchard's Nodes - Limited ROM - Crepitation - heard or felt - Enlarged Joints - fluid accumulation - bony, hard, COOL (versus RA) |
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What are some diagnostic test findings?
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Xray: narrowing of joint space, lipping, spurs, bony cysts
ESR: elevated Arthroscopy: same as xray |
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What medications are used to treat OA/DJD?
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- NSAIDS, acetaminophen
- steroids: injection in joint - glucosamine with chondrotin - hyaluronic acid prodcts - injection - synvisc |
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What are some complications of OA/DJD?
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- contractures
- GI Bleeding (NSAIDS) - injury |
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What kind of surgery might be used in OA/DJD?
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- joint replacements
- arthroscopy: visualize, debride, lavage - osteotomy: removal of bone |
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What nursing interventions are good for OA/DJD?
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- heat/cold
- pain meds - provide rest periods as needed - education: exercise, weight reduction |
