Nur 732 Std

Front 1

STD's to test for?

Back 1

Herpes (HSV II), HIV (signed consent), Chlamyida, Gonorrhea, Syphilis (RPR, VDRL), Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Trichomoniasis

Front 2

Trichomoniasis is a STD caused by?

Back 2

the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.

Front 3

S/S of trichomonas in women?

Back 3

Discomfort with intercourse

Front 4

Itching of the inner thighs

Back 4

Vaginal discharge (thin, greenish-yellow, frothy or foamy)

Front 5

S/S of trichomonas in Men?

Back 5

Burning after urination or ejaculation, Itching of urethra, slight discharge from urethra

Front 6

Tx for trichomonas?

Back 6

Metronidazole 2G. An alternative drug is called Tinidazole. You should not drink alcohol while taking the medicine and for 48 hours afterwards. Doing so can cause severe nausea and vomiting.

Front 7

Candidiasis tx?

Back 7

Diflucan 150 mg po

Front 8

Lymphogranuloma venereum is caused by?

Back 8

Chlamydia trachomatis types L1 to L3.

Front 9

How does Lymphogranuloma venereum present?

Back 9

A vesicle or ulcer may be noted on external genitalia 1-4 weeks after contact, which usually induce lymphadenopthy and buboes, which fuse and drain forming sinus tracts and scar tissue.
how do you tx Lymphogranuloma venereum?

Front 10

Nongonococcal urethritis caused by?

Back 10

C. trachomatis (50%), Mycoplasma hominis, or M. genitalium.

Front 11

Nongonococcal urethritis often coexists with?

Back 11

gonorrhea.

Front 12

Nongonococcal urethritis induces?

Back 12

irritative voiding symptoms, but most often asymptomatic.

Front 13

Treat nongonococcal urethritis with?

Back 13

1 gm azithromycin x 1 or doxy 100 mg BID x 7 days. Alternatively, use levofloxacin 500 mg x 7 days or erythromycin 500 mg QID x 7 days or ofloxacin 300 mg BID x 7 days

Front 14

Gonococcal urethritis induces ?

Back 14

irritative voiding symptoms and often a mucopurulent discharge.

Front 15

Gonococcal urethritis is caused by?

Back 15

Neisserria gonorrhea.
Incubation peroiod for gonococcal urethritis is?

Front 16

Condyloma acuminata causes?

Back 16

(genital warts) Induces verruca-form lesions that may go unnoticed.

Front 17

Condyloma acuminata is caused by?

Back 17

are caused by human papillomavirus.

Front 18

Treat genital warts with ?

Back 18

either via liquid nitrogen, TCA, podophyllin, or surgical removal. Alternatively, the patient can apply podofilox solution or imiquimod 5% cream.

Front 19

Balanitis is most often caused by?

Back 19

candida species, group B strep, or Gardnerella.

Front 20

Tx balanitis with?

Back 20

Oral azole therapy is indicated.

Front 21

Syphilis is caused by?

Back 21

the spirochete Treponema pallidum.
The initial phase of syphilis is ?

Front 22

The initial phase of syphilis is a painless lesion that forms how long after contact?

Back 22

2-4 weeks after contact.

Front 23

The painless lesions of syphilis are associated with?

Back 23

indurated margins and local adenopathy.

Front 24

Treatment for syphilis in the first stage (painless ulcers)?

Back 24

at this stage should include penicillin (If not allergic) as benzathine penicillin GG 2.4 million units IM x 1.

Front 25

If allergic to PCN, treatment for syphilis in the first stage (painless ulcers) should be?

Back 25

doxy 100 mg BID x 2 weeks or tetracycline 500 mg QID x 2 weeks or ceftriaxone 1 gm IM or intravenously every 24 hours for 8-10 days.

Front 26

Secondary syphilis induces?

Back 26

a diffuse, maculopapular rash which involves the palms and soles, low grade fever, lymphadenopathy, malaise, arthralgias, myalgia, and headache.

Front 27

Treatment in the 2nd stage of syphilis is?

Back 27

same as for primary. Benzathine penicillin GG 2.4 million units IM x 1.

Front 28

Tertiary (late stage) syphilis induces?

Back 28

gumma formation (granulomatous lesions that involve skin, mucus membranes, or bone)

Front 29

Treatment for the 3rd stage of syphilis is?

Back 29

as above but weekly IM penicillin for 3 weeks, or doxy or TCN as above for 4 weeks. Consult with an ID specialist as well.

Front 30

Epididymitis and acute bacterial prostatitis in men younger than 35 years is most often caused by ?

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infection with either gonorrhea or Chlamydia.

Front 31

Presentation of epididymitis?

Back 31

Fever, painful scrotal edema, and irritative voiding symptoms

Front 32

Prostatitis also induces?

Back 32

a boggy prostate, suprapubic or perineal pain, and leukocytosis.

Front 33

Treat epididymitis in men under 35 yrs with?

Back 33

ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 plus doxy 100 mg BID x 10 days. Treat prostatitis with ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 then doxy 100 mg BID x 10 days.

Front 34

Epididymitis and prostatitis in men over 35 years more often infected with?

Back 34

Enterobacteriaceae (coliforms) inducing same symptoms as above.

Front 35

Treat epididymitis and prostatitis in men over 35 years with ?

Back 35

cipro 500 mg daily or levofloxacin 750 mg daily x 10-14 days for epididymitis and for prostatitis use alternatively ofloxacin 200 mg daily for 14 days.

Front 36

Chronic bacterial prostatitis in men over 35 years with is usually caused by?

Back 36

enterobacteriaceae (80%), and enterococci (15%).

Front 37

Treat chronic bacterial prostatitis in men over 35 years with?

Back 37

cipro 500 mg BID x 4 weeks or levofloxacin 500 mg daily x 6 weeks. As an alternative, use Bactrim DS BID x 1-3 months.

Front 38

Treatment failure with chronic bacterial prostatitis suggests?

Back 38

stones in the prostate.

Front 39

Gonococcus is becoming increasingly resistant to ?

Back 39

fluoroquinolones.

Front 40

Prostate cancer screening is usually recommended for men from age?

Back 40

50-75 and not after 75 years of age due to a high prevalence of prostate disease in this age group which does not require attention.

Front 41

A PSA level exceeding __ in a man suggests cancer?

Back 41

10, though some have prostate cancer with “normal” PSA (<4) levels.

Front 42

__________ may be helpful to determine which men should have a prostate biopsy?

Back 42

Transrectal sonogram

Front 43

A general screening profile of ____ should be drawn for ED?

Back 43

CBC, fasting lipid profile, fasting glucose level, testosterone and prolactin levels should be drawn. In patients with abnormal testosterone or prolactin, further testing of FSH and LH levels is generally assessed to determine if the disorder is due to hypothalamic-pituitary vs. testes function failure.

Front 44

Treatment for ED is generally initiated with ?

Back 44

phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, such as sildenafil, vardenafil, or tadalafil.

Front 45

The half life of tadalafil is nearly?

Back 45

3 times longer than that of sildenafil or vardenafil (17 vs. 4-5 hours). The lowest available dose should be initiated

Front 46

Alternative therapies for ED include?

Back 46

drugs injected directly into the penis, such as alprostadil [Caverject], or an alprostadil pellet inserted into the urethra (Muse). Mechanical devices may be helpful as well, via surgical implantation or mechanical vacuum devices.

Front 47

Genital herpes (herpes simplex 2) induces ?

Back 47

painful, ulcerated lesions, lymphadenopathy, and general malaise with initial infection.

Front 48

How do subsequent outbreaks of HSV present?

Back 48

less severe, with prodrome tingling, burning, prior to vesicle eruption.
Treatment for herpes II?

Front 49

For recurrence of herpes?

Back 49

use acyclovir 800 mg TID x 2 days, or 400 mg TID x 5 days

Front 50

When infection is recurrent, e.g. 5 episodes annually, use?

Back 50

consider daily suppressive therapy with acyclovir 400 mg BID or famciclovir 250 mg BID or valacyclovir 1 gm .

Front 51

If a patient has fewer than 9 recurrences of herpes per year?

Back 51

valacyclovir 500 mg daily with an increase to 1 gm daily for breakthrough can be considered.

Front 52

Chancroid is caused by?

Back 52

Haemophilus ducreyi.
Transmission of chancroid is via?

Front 53

Will you have adenopathy with chancroid?

Back 53

Yes, ipsilateral adenopathy often found and the nodes may rupture. Other STDs may coexist, especially HIV, herpes and syphilis.

Front 54

How do you detect chancroid?

Back 54

May not be detected accurately via culture

Front 55

Tx for Chancroid?

Back 55

Treatment via single dose azithromycin 1 gram or IM ceftriaxone 250 mg. Other: cipro 500 mg BID x 3 days, or erythromycin 500 mg TID x 7 days.

Front 56

Recommended regimens for BV in nonpregnant women?

Back 56

Metronidazole (Flagyl) 500 mg orally twice daily for 7 days, Clindamycin cream (Cleocin) 2%, one full applicator intravaginally at bedtime for 7 days, Metronidazole gel (Metrogel) 0.75%, Alternative regimens in nonpregnant Metronidazole 2 g orally in a single dose

Front 57

Oral regimen for PID?

Back 57

Ofloxacin (Floxin) 400 mg orally twice daily for 14 days plus Metronidazole (Flagyl) 500 mg orally twice daily for 14 days

Front 58

Alternative tx for PID?

Back 58

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 250 mg IM in a single dose or Cefoxitin 2 g IM plus Probenecid 1 g orally in a single dose given once concurrently with cefoxitin

Front 59

Pediculosis pubis is an infection of the genital area caused by?

Back 59

the crab louse (Phthirus pubis).

Front 60

The lice (commonly called crabs) are small bugs that are visible to the naked eye without the aid of a magnifying glass or microscope. The lice live on?

Back 60

pubic hair (or any other hair) and are associated with itching.

Front 61

The treatment for pubic lice is usually with?

Back 61

a 1% cream rinse of permethrin that is applied to the affected area and washed off after 10 minutes.

Front 62

Alternative treatments for lice include ?

Back 62

1% shampoo of lindane applied for four minutes before washing off or pyrethrins with piperonyl butoxide applied for 10 minutes before washing off.

Front 63

What other precautions should be taken with lice?

Back 63

The patient's bedding and clothing should be machine-washed with hot water. All sexual partners within the preceding month should be treated for pubic lice and evaluated for other STDs.

Front 64

Pubic lice on the eyelashes can be treated with?

Back 64

a permethrin formulation by applying the solution to the infested hair with an applicator.

Front 65

Scabies infections are usually tx with?

Back 65

The most commonly used cream is permethrin 5%. Other creams include benzyl benzoate and sulfur in petrolatum. Lindane is rarely used, because of its side effects. and a oral antihistamine

Front 66

A variety of serologic tests for syphilis are available, including?

Back 66

VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory),
RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin), FTA-ABS (Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption), TP-MHA (Treponema Pallidum Microhemagglutination Assay)

Front 67

Whenever a screening test (RPR, VDRL) is positive, what tests can be done?

Back 67

a more specific test (FTA-ABS, TP-MHA) should be used to confirm the test and rule out a "biologic false positive."