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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Founder of American Red Cross
Called the "Angel of the Battlefield" |
Clara Barton
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head of nurses for the Union army during the Civil War
organized hospitals for Union army |
Dorothea Dix
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cleaned up hospitals for soldiers
organized the first ambulance service |
Mary Ann Bickerdyke
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first public health nurses (2)
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Lillian Wald
Mary Brewster |
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helped found the Nurses' Associated Alumnae of the U.S. (became ANA) and the American Society of Superintindents of Training Schools for Nurses (became National League for Nurses)
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Isabel Hampton Robb
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findings from a federal committee that said that more $ needed to be put into nursing and that nursing should be at a college level
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Goldmark Report
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anything you do in medicine must have research behind it
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evidenced-based practice
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activities one engages in to prevent him from getting sick
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health promotion
ex. prenatal care, exercise classes |
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a person has been diagnosed with a disease and is trying to prevent complications
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illness prevention
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The Dept. of Health and Human Services and the FDA are what type of health care agency?
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governmental (public)
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The CDC and NIH are what type of health care agency?
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federal
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The American Cancer Society is what type of health care agency?
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voluntary (private)
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DCH hopsital is what type of health care agency?
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not-for-profit
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The Mayo Clinic is what type of health care agency?
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for-profit
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The respitatory services, nutritional services, environmental services, and laundry make up what part of the internal structure of the health care agency?
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interdisciplinary team
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What is functional nursing?
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Each nurse has one job to do for the day (give IVs, clean wounds, etc.)
This is not seen much anymore. |
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What is team nursing?
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The RN, LPN, and PCA take care of 5-6 patients together.
Best way to practice. |
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What is primary nursing?
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The RN takes care of all care for the patient.
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What is case management nursing?
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looks at quality of care
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The registered nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health or situation.
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Standard 1. Assessment
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The registered nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues.
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Standard 2. Diagnosis
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The registered nurse identifies expected outcomes for a plan individualized to the patient or situation.
Ex. "Prior to discharge, this patient will be able to walk to the length of the hall and not be out of breath." |
Standard 3. Outcomes Identification
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The RN develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes.
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Standard 4. Planning
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The RN implements the identified plan.
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Standard 5. Implementation
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What 4 things are part of Standard 5 (Implementation)?
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Coordination of care
Health teaching and health promotion For APN/CNS: Consultation Presciptive authority and treatment |
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The RN evaluates progress toward attainment of outcomes.
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Standard 6. Evaluation
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The RN systematically enhanaces the quality/effectiveness of nursing practice.
Is ethical, accountable, responsible, creative, and innovative. |
Standard 7. Quality of Practice
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The RN attains knowledge and competency that reflects current nursing practice.
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Standard 8. Education
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The RN evaluates her own nursing practice in relation to professional practice standards and guildelines, relevant statutes, rules, and regulations.
Involves peer review and course evaluations. |
Standard 9. Professional Practice Evaluation
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The RN interacts with and contributes to the professional development of peers and colleagues.
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Standard 10. Collegiality
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The RN collaborates with the patient, family, and others in the conduct of nursing practice.
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Standard 11. Collaboration
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The RN integrates ethical provisions in all areas of practice
(Preserves and protects human dignity, provides autonomy for patients, patient rights, confidentiality) |
Standard 12. Ethics
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The RN integrates research findings into practice.
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Standard 13. Research
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The RN considers factors related to safety, effectiveness, cost, and impact on practice in planning and delivery of nursing services.
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Standard 14. Resource Utilization
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The RN provides leadership in the professional practice setting and the profession.
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Standard 15. Leadership
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The scope of nursing practice has 4 defining characteristics. They are:
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1. Boundaries - what we can do and not do
2. Intersections - with patient, family, and physician 3. Dimensions - healthy person to dying person, young, old, big hospital, jungle clinic 4. Core - caring, ethics, critical thinking, lifelong learning, tech skills, evidence-based practice, communication, knowing when to ask for help, etc. |
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a group of related concepts, definitions, and statements that propose a view of nursing phenomena from which to describe, explain, or predict outcomes
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theory
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a mental image of an object or event
a building block of theory helps describe or label a phenomena |
concept
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an occurrence or circumstance that is observable
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phenomenon
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What are the 4 concepts basic to nursing theory?
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person
health environment nursing |
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a dynamic state of being in which the developmental and behavioral potential of the individual is realized to the fullest extent possible
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health
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the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems
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nursing
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defines the essential knowledge, values, and professional behaviors expected of the BSN nurse graduate
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Essentials Document
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a concern for the welfare of others
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altriusm
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the right to self-determination
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autonomy
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valuing and respecting all patients and colleagues
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human dignity
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acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and standards of practice
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integrity
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upholding moral, legal, and humanistic principles
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social justice
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What does HIPAA stand for?
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Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
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information that has any components that could be used to identify the subject
Ex. Name, address, phone number, email address, employer's name, DL #, relative's names, photos, DOB, SSN, medical record #, etc. |
identifiable data (part of PHI - protected health information)
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Name some exceptions where covered entities may disclose information.
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- Oversight of health system
- Public health (outbreak of ebola) - Research - Judicial/administrative hearings - Emergency circumstances - Identification of body - Facility patient directory - National defense/security activities |
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What is the penalty for wrongfully accessing or disclosing PHI?
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fines up to $50,000 and up to 1 year in prison
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What is the penalty for obtaining PHI under false pretenses?
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fines up to $100,000 and up to 5 years in prison
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What is the penalty for wrongfully using PHI for a commercial activity?
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fines up to $250,000 and up to 10 years in prison
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A heart beating donor can donate:
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organs and tissues
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A non-heart beating donor can donate:
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tissues only
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What does DCD stand for?
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Donation after Cardiac Death
*This is a donor that does not meet criteria for brain death. *Vascular organs (liver and kidneys) can be recovered after cardiac arrest. |
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an irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem
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brain death
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Name 4 causes of brain death.
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Trauma
Anoxic injuries Primary brain tumors CVA (cardiovascular death) |
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the absence of respirations in the presence of adequate CO2 stimulus
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apnea
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How many people were waiting for an organ in the U.S. as of June 2006?
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91,915
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How many people were waiting for an organ in Alabama as of June 2006?
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2,844
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When looking for an organ recipient, what 3 things are the points based on?
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medical urgency
time waiting match with the donor |
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After blood transfusion, what is the most frequent transplant performed?
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bone transplantation
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the involuntary separation from something we have possessed and may even have treasured
the absence of something desired or previously thought to be available |
loss
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any significant loss of someone or something that can no longer be felt, heard, known, or experienced
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personal loss
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loss of something you can touch
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actual loss
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loss of something you cannot touch
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perceived loss
(ex. self esteem) |
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any change in the developmental process that is normally expected during a lifetime
events are expected, but feelings of loss persist until adaptation occurs |
maturational loss
(ex. mom crying at her daughter's wedding) |
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any sudden, unexpected and definable event that is not predictable
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situational loss
(ex. dog hit by a car) |
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the emotional response to a loss
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grief
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What are Kubler-Ross's 5 stages of dying?
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denial
anger bargaining depression acceptance |
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the process (rituals and behaviors) that follows a loss and includes working through the grief
process leads to a gradual acceptance and adaptation to move on with one's life |
mourning
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What are Bowlby's 4 phases of mourning?
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numbing
yearning and searching disorganization and despair reorganization |
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What are Warden's 4 tasks of mourning?
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- To accept the reality of the loss
- To work through the pain/grief - To adjust to the environment in which the deceased is missing - To emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life |
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palliative care for individuals with a terminal illness and a prognosis of less than 6 months to live
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hospice care
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What do infants (to age 2) understand about death?
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Do not understand it.
Separation from mother causes changes. |
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What do children ages 2-6 understand about death?
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Death is like sleeping.
Dead person continues to live and function in some ways. Death is temporary, not final. Dead person can come back to life. |
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What do children ages 6-9 understand about death?
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Death is thought of as a person or spirit (skeleton, ghost, bogeyman, angel).
Death is final and frightening. Death happens to others, it won't happen to ME. |
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What do children 9 and older understand about death?
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Everyone will die.
Death is final and cannot be changed. Even I will die. |
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act that allows you to create an advanced directive if you want one
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The Patient Self-Determination Act
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controls medical decision making in the terminally ill and permanently unconscious
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advanced health care directive
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generally controls all financial matters
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durable power of attorney
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controls medical decision making when the patient is unconscious but should recover
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durable power of attorney for health care
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if a person over 18 cannot make decisions for himself, their parents can go to court and get permission to make decisions for them
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conservatorship
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whatever is at the center of a person's life
the act of connecting to systems such as God, nature, or other people through relationships |
spirituality
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individual who does not believe in the existence of God or that any ultimate reality is unknown
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atheist
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individual who believes that the existence of God or a higher power cannot be proven or disproved.
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agnostic
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a belief or confidence in something for which there is no proof
may involve belief in a higher power |
faith
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an awareness of that which one cannot see or know in ordinary physical ways
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transcendance
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a concept that provides comfort while enduring life threats and personal challenges
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hope
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a set of attitudes, ideologies, values, beliefs and behaviors that influence the way members of the group view themselves
a belief system that has developed over a person's lifetime and is difficult to change |
culture
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socialization into one's primary culture as a child
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enculturation
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the process of adapting to and adopting a new culture
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acculturation
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an individual identifies equally with 2 or more cultures
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biculturalism
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the goal of transcultural nursing
care that fits the people's valued life patterns and set of meanings |
culturally congruent care
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an individual's belief that his/her cultural values are superior
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ethnocentrism
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an oversimplified belief, conception, or opinion about another person (or group) based on limited information
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stereotyping
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guides the nurse to assess different holistic factors that tend to influence the client's care and health, such as cultural values, religious/spiritual beliefs, economic factors, educational beliefs, technology views, family/social ties, and political/legal factors
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Leininger's Sunrise Model
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