Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
|
to filter metabolic waste, excess sodium and water from the blood and eliminate them from the body
What is a secondary function? |
help regulate blood pressure and red blood cell production
|
|
|
What are the filtering units (about a million in each kidney) called?
|
nephrons
what is in each nephron? |
Bowman's capsule where arterioles enter, collectively called the Glomerulus
|
|
|
Clinical indications for renal imaging?(5)
|
1. relative blood flow and renal function
2. obstructive uropathy 3. renal transplant function 4. renal function of potential kidney donors 5. renovascular hypertension |
Really Ugly Trolls Deserve Happiness
|
|
|
What are the radiopharmaceuticals used in renal imaging?
|
Tc99m DTPA
I-131 (I-123) Tc99m MAG3 Tc99m DMSA Tc99m GH |
|
|
|
Name the types and parts of a Relative Renal Function Scan
|
Flow and function
Split function Perfusion Function Renogram |
|
|
|
Patient prep for renal scan?
|
should be well hydrated
for captopril or vasotec study pt should be off antihypertensives for 48 hrs and diuretics for 24 hrs |
|
|
|
Protocol for perfusion renal scan
|
bolus inj 10-15 mCi of DTPA, MAG3 or GH
pt supine, kidneys centered over detectors sequential images every 2 sec for 20-60 sec obtain immediate blood pool images |
|
|
|
normal findings for renal purfusion scan
|
tracer perfuses each kidney in a vascular flush, arriving in each kidney at same time with equal intensity
activity then seen in collecting system, ureters and bladder abnormal findings? |
areas of increased activity demonstrated by vascular tumors and arteriovenous malformations
decreased activity due to cysts or avascular tumors |
|
|
How do you properly position pt for renal scan?
|
use hot marker to locate xiphoid process, naval or iliac crest to have bladder on bottom of detector and kidneys on top
|
|
|
|
What is the protocol for renogram functional study?
|
have pt empty bladder before imaging
inject MAG3 or DTPA pt supine properly positioned 2 phase dynamic study: 1. dynamic acquisition 2-3 sec for 1 minute (1-2 sec/image for 30-60 frames 2. dynamic acquistion at 1-2 sec every 20-30 sec for 19 min additional static images of kidneys and bladder as requested by physician Time activity curve generated for flow and function what is a normal renal curve? |
vascular, renal tubular phase peaked about 3 minutes followed by downward slope of excretory phase
|
|
|
What is hydronephrosis and how will it be indicated on a functional scan?
|
it is a cystic distention of the kidney caused by the accumulation of urine in the renal pelvis as a result to outflow.
it will show delayed perfusion, delayed uptake, prolonged cortical retention of the kidney |
|
|
|
What is diuretic renography used for?
|
To evaluate a blockage that could be occuring in the pelvis of the kidney or in the ureters.
what diuretic is usually used? |
Lasix
|
|
|
What is GFR and ERPF?
|
Glomerular filtration rate - the amount of filtrate formed per minute by the kidneys. normal rate is 120-125 mL/min
Effective Renal Plasma Flow - measure of the kidney's ability to clear waste from the blood stream |
|
|
|
What is an ACE inhibitor?
|
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, used in the treatment of hypertension, often used with diuretics to control hypertension
What is a common ACE inhibitor that is used? |
Captopril
|
