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9 Cards in this Set

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What are the four basic terms?
Drug - Any chemical that can affect living processes.
Pharmacology - The study of drugs and their interactions wiht living systems.
Clinical Pharmacology - The study of drugs in humans.
Therapeutics (or Pharmacotherapeutics) - use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy.
What the properies of an IDEAL drug?
Effectiveness - most important property; elicits the response for which it is given.
Safety - cannot produce harmful effects (even in high doses and for a very long time).
Selectivity - drug elicits only the response for which it is given (NO SEs).
No such thing as a perfect or SAFE DRUGS
Additional Properties of an Ideal drug
Reversible action, predictability, ease of administration, freedom from drug interactions, low cost, chemical stability, and simple generic name
Therapeutic Objective
Provide maximum benefit with minimum harm
Factors Determining Intensity of Drug Responses
Administration - dosage, route, and timing of administration; primary determinent of concentration; if drug not administered correctly results maybe toxic or treatment failure; give complete instructions about med and how to take it.
Pharmacokinetics - how the body affects drugs, impact of body on drugs.
Pharmacodynamics - how the drug affects the body; impact of drugs on body; initial step leading to a response is the binding of drug to its receptor (drug-receptor interaction), followed by sequence of events that results in a response; Pt's functional state can influence pharmacodynamic process and Placebo effects also help determine responses.
is the ultimate concern; is determined by the concentration of the drug at its sites of action
Pharmacolinetics - how the body affects drugs
Drug absorption
Drug distribution
Drug metabolism
Drug excretion
Individual Variations in drug interactions
Physical - age, gender, and wt.
Genetics.
Pathophysilogy - liver and kidney function/major organs of drug elimination
Chapter I KEY POINTS
Goal is to use med to promote desired effects and minimize SE.
Principle determinants of drug response
Pharmcokinetics and Pharmacodynamics and individual variants
Regiment is tailored to individual and should produce maximum benefit with minimal harm.