Nu 311 (2) Nutrition

Front 1

What are some strategies to promote health?

Back 1

1)Teaching Patients to Stay Well
2)Motivate patients to change unhealthy behaviors.
3)Propose strategies for behavior change.
4)Show patients how to care for themselves more effectively.
5)Teaching Patients to Stay Well
6)Build on patients’ strengths.
7)Help patients find and use available resources.
8)Provide support through telephone, individual and group counseling, and continuing education.

Front 2

What are some factors that affect health?

Back 2

1)Supports
2)Psychological state
3)Motivational level
4)Access to health care
5)Factors Affecting
6)Access to Health Care
7)Finances
8)Location
9)Age
10)Ethnicity or religion
11)Rationing of health care
12)Insurance
13)Transportation
14)Gender
-Men deter from going to the doctor
15)Healthy Behaviors
16)Rest and sleep
-look at cercatian rythm
17)Exercise
-why won't excersize
18)Stress
-what is a stress influence
Safety/injury prevention

Front 3

What is the definition of nutrition?

Back 3

o Nutrition is the state of balance between nutrient intake and physiological requirements for growth and physical activity.

Front 4

What is malnuttrition?

Back 4

1) Undernutrition
2) "bad nutrition"
3) Nutrition deficet

Front 5

What is overnutrition?

Back 5

Consumption of nutrients especially calories, sodium, and fat in excess of body needs.

Front 6

What is the primary nutrients?

Back 6

1) Carbohydrates (50-60%)
2) Proteins (10-20%)
3) Fats (20-30%)
4) Vitamins (b-vits, Vit c ect)
5) Minerals
6) Water

Front 7

What are the effects of nutritional deficiency

Back 7

stage 1) Primary & secondary malnutrition
stage 2) tissue reseve decrease
stage 3) Biochemical lesions
stage 4) Clinical lesions

Front 8

What is this Marasmus

Back 8

Diet contains almost all carbohydratesMuscle waisting

Front 9

What are Bitit's spots

Back 9

A fomy lesion of the cornea
Vitamin A diffitiency

Front 10

Who are at nutritional risk?

Back 10

People who are severly sick are at risk

Front 11

What can add to forming a decubitus ulcer?

Back 11

Person has great vitamin needs

Front 12

What is rickets?

Back 12

Vitamin D difitiency

Front 13

What is osteoporosis?

Back 13

Los of bone matrix
Insufitient calcium and Vit D intake

Front 14

What is glossitis?

Back 14

Disorders such as iron deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia and other B-vitamin deficiencies

Front 15

What are so nutritional considerations for Infants?

Back 15

1)High metabolic rate
2)Increased protein needs
3)Fat is critical to developing CNS
4)Fetal iron stores deplete around 4-6 months

Front 16

What are some nutrtional needs of Childeren?

Back 16

1)Weight doubles in first years by age 6
2)Breakfast important
3)Calcium and Phosphorus critical to skeletal development
4)Calories 2000/day

Front 17

What are some nutritional considerations of adolecents?

Back 17

1)Growth is erratic, Occurs in spurts
2) Sex hormones influence growth factors
3) Boys need more calories, zinc, and iron needs for sexual maturation.

Front 18

What are some nutritional needs of ?pregnant women?

Back 18

1)Folic acid,
2) vit C,
3)Iron,
4)Calcium,
5) Fluoride
6)Zinc
7)300 more calories

Front 19

What are some nutritional needs of the older adult?

Back 19

1)Decreased taste
2)Dec gastric acidity
3)Less vit D
4)Loss urinary sphincter muscle tone

Front 20

What is a comprehensive nutritional history?

Back 20

1)24-hour recall: record everything one ate and drank in the past 24 hours
2)Food intake Diaries: quantitative listing of all foods and fluids consumed within a designated time period, 3–5 days
3)Direct Observation of Eating Habits

Front 21

What is the triceps skin fold?

Back 21

1)Use individuals dominant arm
2)Also a way of measuring foat skin and adibose tissue

Front 22

What is the mid-arm circumference?

Back 22

1)Estimate muscle mass
2)Used as a backup of trceps
3)Can also do a measurement of individual dominant arm, and calf right below the knee in cm and the difference should not be more than 1 cm

Front 23

What is the purpose of the physical assesment?

Back 23

1)Provides an objective data base
2)Identifies actual/potential health problems
3)Identifies patients’ strengths
4)Validates history data

Front 24

What are the two types of physical assessment?

Back 24

Fucussed aand complete

Front 25

What are the components of a physical?

Back 25

1)General survey
2)Measurements
oVital signs
oAnthropometric
3)Measurements
oHead-to-toe, including all systems
4)Weighing patients
oWeigh patient at the same time and the same scale
oPatient should be wearing as little clothing as possible

Front 26

What are the tools one would useto assess?

Back 26

o Eyes
o Ears
o Nose
o Hands

Front 27

What is the purpose of the penlight?

Back 27

oUsed to assess eyes and hard to see places such as the mouth, throat, and nose

Front 28

What is the use of the Thermometer?

Back 28

Temperatures
oOral: 98.6(F) or 37 degrees Centigrade
oRectal: 99.5 (F) for 37.5©
oTympanic (99.5(F) 37.5©
oAxillary (97.6(F), 36.5 ©
oForehead (94(F), 34.4 ©

Front 29

What are the convertions of temp?

Back 29

F →C : (F – 32) X 5/9 = ____C
C →F: ( C x 9/5) + 32 = _____F

Front 30

What is a pulcse?

Back 30

The force of the heart contracting
oReflects the stroke volume
oNote rate and rhythm
oNewborn: 125 beats/min
oAge 4: 100 beats/min
oAdolescence : 80 -100 BPM

Front 31

What are the respiratory rates?

Back 31

oNote rate, rhythm and depth
oCount for 1 minute:
oFull inspiration and full expiration cycle
oAbnormal/Normal oRespiratory Rates
oEupnea (Normal)
oTachypnea(Above)
oBradypnea (slow)
oApnea (No breathing)
oDypsnea (Dificulty breathing)

Front 32

What is blood presure?

Back 32

oMeasurement of pressure within the vascular system as the heart contracts (Systole) and relaxes(diastole)
oBlood pressure = cardiac output(CO) x Peripheral Resistance (PVR)

Front 33

What is prehypertensive blood presure?

Back 33

S:120 – 139
D:80 – 89

Front 34

What is hypertension BP?

Back 34

S: 140-159
D:90-99

Front 35

What is hypertension stage 2

Back 35

S:>160
D:>100

Front 36

How is orthostatic(or postural B/P) assessed?

Back 36

Used to see if the person is volume depledet
1) Normal to see the BP to drop only by 10 points

Front 37

What is a doppler?

Back 37

oUsed to detect fetal heart sounds, locate pulses such as pedal pulses that may be difficult to feel

Front 38

What is a nasoscope?

Back 38

oIlluminates the nostrils to check for swelling, congestion, color, and obstruction

Front 39

What is the Opthalmascope?

Back 39

oUsed to assess the internal structure of the eye

Front 40

What is the transilluminator?

Back 40

oUsed to assess for fluid in the sinuses, the fontanels of the newborn, and the male testes.

Front 41

what is the Goniometer?

Back 41

oUsed during a musculoskeletal examination to assess the range of motion of a joint

Front 42

what parts of the hand is used for palpation?

Back 42

1)Dorsal aspect
Best for temperature
2)Balls & ulnar surface of hand
Best for vibrations
3)Fingertips
Best for fine sensations
4)Ballottement
Size, shape of free-floating objects

Front 43

What types of precussion is ther?

Back 43

Direct (immediate)
Indirect (mediate)
Fist or blunt (Ex: tenderty of the kidneys)

Front 44

What is direct or indirect used to ditect?

Back 44

-Density (air, fluid, solid)
-Size and shape
-Tenderness
-Deep tendon reflexes

Front 45

What is fist or blunt precussion for?

Back 45

Tenderness

Front 46

What is the precussion hammer used for?

Back 46

(deap tendon reflex

Front 47

What is the types of Auscultation?

Back 47

1)Direct: Without a stethescope,
2)indirect: stethoscope

Front 48

What does auscultating assess?

Back 48

1)Heart sounds
2)Lung sounds
3)Bowel sounds
4)Vascular sounds