Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
CHARACTERISTICS OF ALL CANCERS
|
1.UNREGULATED GROWTH OF CELLS
2.MUTATIONS OF CELL 3.MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS=CANCEROUS |
|
|
WHAT CAN HAPPEN IF CANCER UNTREATED
|
CAN INVADE ADJACENT TISSUE
CAN SPREAD BY BLOOD AND LYMPHATICS TO DISTANT SITES=METASTASIS |
|
|
TO FIND TXT (MD) FOR CANCER, DEPENDS ON __
|
CELL TYPE
-EACH TYPE OF CANCER RESPONDS TO TXT DIFFERENTLY |
|
|
DIFFERENTIATION
|
MATURATION OF CELL
WELL DIFFERENTIATED=BENIGN POORLY DIFFERENTIATED=ANAPLASTIC MALIGNANT |
|
|
HOW DOES A CELL BECOME CANCEROUS?
|
CARCINOGENISIS-->
1.INITIATION-CARCINOGENS 2.PROMOTION-MAKES IT GROW UNREGULATED 3.PROGRESSION-GROWS AND SPREADS TO SITES |
|
|
HOW LONG CAN IT TAKE CANCER TO DEVELOP
|
10-20 YRS
|
|
|
CANCER CAN DEVELOP IF__
80 PERCENT OF ALL CANCERS OCCUR AGE__ IF YOU HAVE 1 CANCER__ EARLY DIAGNOSIS= |
-IMMUNE SYS FAILS
-AGE 55 AND UP -YOU ARE PRONE TO HAVING INCREASED CHANCE OF DEVELOPING ANOTHER CANCER -BETTER PROGNOSIS |
|
|
CELLS CONTAIN PROTEINS CALLED__
|
TUMOR SPECIFIC ANTIGENS (TSA)
|
|
|
CEA
|
USED FOR ABDOMINAL CANCERS
-IF LEVELS HIGH,MD STARTS TO LOOK FOR MALIGNANCY |
|
|
PSA
|
PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN
|
|
|
CA 15-3
|
BREAST CANCER ANTIGEN
-WILL BE ELEVATED IF BREAST CANCER PRESENT |
|
|
SCREENING RECOMMENDATIONS
|
-IMAGING TESTS
-STAGING:TNM (TUMOR NODE METASTASIS) -GRADE:BASED ON DIFFERENTIATION -AFFECTS MANY SYS -PROBLEMS OF METASTASIS -TXT GOAL:CURE,CONTROL,PALLIATION |
|
|
SURGERY
|
LOCAL TXT
DX-BIOPSY BIOPSY-TUMOR AND SURROUNDING REMOVED |
|
|
INCISIONAL BIOPSY
|
WEDGE OF TISSUE REMOVED
|
|
|
NEEDLE BIOPSY
|
-UNDER ANESTHESIA
-NEEDLE INSERTED IN AREA -TUMOR REMOVED |
|
|
PRIMARY TXT
|
REMOVE TUMOR AND SURROUNDING TISSUES AND STRUCTURES "CLEAR MARGINS"
|
|
|
PROPHYLACTIC
|
FAMILY HISTORY
EXP:IF PT HAS HISTORY OF OVARIAN CANCER (IN FAM),PERSON MAY BET OVARIES REMOVED |
|
|
PALLIATIVE
|
COMPLICATIONS
-SURGERY TO REMOVE PAIN |
|
|
RECONSTRUCTIVE
|
TO IMPROVE FUNCTION AND COSMETICS
|
|
|
INGESTION
|
-BODY SECRETIONS
-RADIOACTIVE |
|
|
CUMULATIVE
|
LIFE TIME DOSE
-IF PT HAS RADIATION IN 1 AREA, PT CANNOT HAVE RADIATION AGAIN IN SAME AREA NSG CARE:DONT WANT TO WASH OFF MARKINGS |
|
|
S/E OF RADIATION
|
LOCALIZED IN AREA RADIATED
-HAIR LOSS -THROMBOCYTOPENIA -ANEMIA -LEUKOPENIA -C/O OF FATIGUE HEALTH TEAM WEARS A FILM BADGE-DETERMINES RAD(RADIATION ABSORBED DOSE) -EXPOSURE TO RADIATION |
|
|
NSG CARE WITH RADIATION
|
-NO LOTION,MED ON SKIN
-AVOID INJURY -ANOREXIA STOMATITIS-XEROSTOMIA (NO ETOH,MOUTH SWABS,GIVE BAKING SODA,SALT,H20) -BMS -ALOPECIA -SYSTEM SPECIFIC |
|
|
CHEMOTHERAPY
|
AFFECTS RAPIDLY DIVIDING CELLS
PT GIVEN 2-3 DIFFERENT DRUGS (FOR EACH CYCLE) WORSE S.E. SEEN IN 10-14 DAYS LIFE THREATENING S.E.**BMS** BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION |
|
|
OTHER S.E. OF CHEMO
|
1.GI
2.ALOPECIA 3.STOMATITIS (MOUTH AND ESOPHAGUS) 4.NADIR-THE LOWEST COUNT OF WBC/RBC |
