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161 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the book at Acts emphasize?
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Similar themes like Luke such as the significance of women and concern for the poor and downtrodden
- the gospel is for all people |
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When was Acts written?
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After A.D. 70
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What is the key ingredient to becoming a Christian in Acts?
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Receiving the Holy Spirit
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An ancient genre of history writing presented the story of a nation or people from its origins to contemporary times
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general history
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A genre of history meant to defend a group from its opponents
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apologetic history
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What are the 3 parts of the story of Acts?
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1. the spread of Christianity in Jerusalem
2. its spread throughout the regions of Judea and Samaria 3. its spread throughout the broader Mediterranean world |
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What is the Day of Pentecost?
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the birthday of the church and Christianity
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Primarily a way of referring to God's (or Jesus') presence and action in the world.
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Holy Spirit
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Jesus' passage up to heaven forty days after his Resurrection
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the Ascension
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Someone who dies for what s/he believes
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martyr
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What are the key events in Act 1-7?
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1. Jesus ascends to heaven
2. The disciples replace Judas with Matthias 3. The church is born as the Holy Spirit comes on the Day of Pentecost 4. Peter and John heal a lame man at the temple 5. They face opposition from the Sanhedrin 6. God judges Ananias and Sapphira for lying to the Holy Spirit 7. The Jerusalem Christians have a conflict over the feeding of Greek-speaking widows. They appoint seven men for this task. 8. Stephen becomes the first Christian martyr |
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What are the key events in Acts 8-12?
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1. Philip takes the gospel to Samaria and the broader area of Palestine
2. Saul (Paul) joins the Christian movement 3. Peter ministers outside Jerusalem; takes the gospel to the Gentiles 4. The church at Antioch in Syria begins to thrive 5. Herod Agrippa I beheads James the apostle 6. The angel of the Lord kills Herod |
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What are the key events of Acts 13-18?
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- Paul's first missionary journey
- The "Jerusalem Council" - Paul's 2nd missionary journey - Paul's 3rd missionary journey - Paul is arrested in Jerusalem, imprisoned for 2 years at Caesarea - Paul is shipwrecked on his way to Rome |
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What is the Way?
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The term Christians seem to have used to refer to themselves as a group in the first century A.D.
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What are the elders?
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A group of individuals, probably older men, who oversaw the direction of individual churches
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What is the Jerusalem Council?
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The name often given to the meeting in which it was decided that Gentiles could become Christians without being circumcised
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What do the sermons of Acts provide?
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A consistent picture of the earliest Christian preaching
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What do the sermons of Acts claim?
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They claim that God is in control of history and that His plan is revealed in the Old Testament
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What is the appropriate human response to the message?
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Repentance and baptism
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What is the kerygma?
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The basic Christian message
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What does "baptism with the Holy Spirit" refer to?
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The inner "cleansing of one's sins that takes place when that person becomes a Christian
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In Acts, what does receiving the Spirit result in?
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Results in power, which translates into preaching the gospel boldly, performing miraculous deeds, and maintaining the astounding unity of the early church
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What is tongues?
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Languages. In Acts 2 they are human languages, while 1 Corinthians 14 seems to refer to an angelic language some Christians can speak
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What is baptism with the Holy Spirit?
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The inner cleansing of your heart when your sins are forgiven and you become a Christian. It corresponds to the outer cleansing of baptism in water
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How does Acts portray Christians?
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Acts tells the story of the first Christians in a way that shows they were not troublemakers, although their opponents often stirred up trouble
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What does Luke emphasize?
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The unity of the early church and downplays conflicts among early Christians.
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What is koinonia?
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The Greek word for "fellowship," often used to indicate how Christians should get along with one another
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What are the 4 positions in the early church?
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1. Judaizers - Gentiles must become Jews and follow the Law of Moses.
2. James - Gentiles do not need to become Jews, but should observe a core of prohibitions 3. Paul - If Gentiles become Jews, they have rejected Christ. 4. Antinomians - "I am allowed to do anything" |
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What were Ebionites?
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Jewish Christians of the second century who continued to observe the Jewish Law, but did not view Jesus as divine
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What was Docetism?
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A form of Gnosticism that believed Jesus only had seemed to be human when He was on earth. He was really a spirit being
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What were Cynics?
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They believed that the rules of society has no basis in reality and that one should live life without worrying about possessions or human rules. Some scholars have dubiously suggested that Cynic thought influenced Jesus' teaching
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Who was Paul (Saul)?
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A Jew from Tarsus who was a Pharisee before he became a Christian
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Who was Paul's ministry directed at?
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Primarily the Gentiles rather than the Jews
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How many letters in the NT bear his name?
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13 - Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon
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Which 6 books do scholars believe were pseudonymous?
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Ephesians, Colossians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, TItus
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What are Prison Epistles?
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The letters of Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon. According to tradition, Paul wrote these letters while under house arrest in Rome
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What are Pastoral Epistles?
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1 and 2 Timothy and Titus, so called because they gave instructions to two "pastors" on how to shepherd their "flocks". Timothy and Titus were two of Paul's most trusted "trainees"
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What did Paul conclude after he saw the risen Christ?
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That the power of sin was so extensive in the world that no one could escape God's wrath.
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How did Paul believe a person could be justified and found innocent in God's sight?
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by faith or trust in Christ's death and victorious Resurrection
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What is righteousness?
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One's innocence or acceptability in the eyes of the law; in a Christian context, acceptability before God, the righteous judge
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What is justification?
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legally considered innocent; declared "not guilty"; for it to be "just as I'd never sinned"
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What is justification by faith?
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The idea that the only way to be found "not guilty" by God is through trusting in what Jesus Christ has done for you on the cross
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What is atonement?
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The process of getting on good terms with God by offering Him something
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What is salvaiton?
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In Paul's writings, escape from God's wrath on the Day of Judgment
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What is Satan?
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The prince of demons, leader of demonic forces, and the epitome of evil; also known as Belial, Beelzebub, and the devil
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What is Paul's basic concern?
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To show that his message does not contradict God's faithfulness to His covenant with Israel
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What does Paul emphasize in the last chapters of Romans?
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the need for love, unity, and peace among Christians
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What is the righteousness of God?
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The fact that God is not only faithful to His covenant with Israel, but is in general a merciful God who wishes to save all people
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What is flesh?
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On the most basic level, skin. By extension, the part of a human being that is under the power of Satan because it is part of the earth; the "carnal nature"
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What is predestination?
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The idea that God has already decided who will believe and be saved
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What is an amanuensis?
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A scribe, someone who actually wrote an author's words on paper
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What is Paul's teaching oriented around?
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Christ's second coming rather than heaven and hell
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What is the altar?
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in some Christian denominations, a kneeling board at the front of the church where a person can pray
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What is catechism?
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basic instruction in the teachings of Christianity
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What is confirmation?
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For churches that baptize infants, the process of personally affirming or "confirming" the faith your parents affirmed for you when you were a child
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What is evangelism?
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the practice of telling others about the need and the possibility of salvation from God's wrath
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What is the plan of salvation?
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a brief explanation of why and how you become a Christian
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What is the sinner's prayer?
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a prayer in which you admit that you are a sinner in need of God's forgiveness
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What is salvation?
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in general, escape from God's wrath when He judges the world. For many churches it has become a shorthand way of referring to becoming a Christian - "getting saved"
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What is the Roman Road?
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a series of four verse from Romans that explain the "plan of salvation" - the basic reasons for becoming a Christian and how to do so
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What does it mean to "witness"?
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to tell others about the possibility of salvation; to "evangelize"; to share the "gospel"
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What is eternity?
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Forever
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What are good works?
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good deeds; doing good things
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What is hell?
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the place of eternal torment for the damned
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What is resurrection?
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coming back to life from the dead
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What is the second coming?
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Christ's return to earth on the Day of Judgment
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What are the contemporary issues in Romans?
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- Can a person practice homosexuality and be a Christian?
- Do we become right with God by faith or by works? - Can a Christian stop sinning? - Does God decide who will be saved? - Once a person is made right with God, can he still fail to be saved in the end? - Should a Christian obey the Law? |
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What is theological?
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pertaining to our beliefs about God and related issues
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What is sinful nature?
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the way that some Bibles translate the Greek word for flesh. It refers to that part of a human being (i.e., the physical part) that is subject to the power of sin if a person does not have the Holy Spirit within
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What is foreknowledge?
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knowledge of something before it happens
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What is election (New Testament)?
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the idea that God chooses who will be saved
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What is free will?
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the idea that God has allowed humans freedom to some extent to make choices and that God has not already decided who will be saved
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What is sovereign?
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having absolute control
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What is deterministic?
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holding that everything that happens is predetermined
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What is Calvinism?
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a theological view that typically believes in individual predestination and "eternal security"
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What is eternal security?
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the belief that once a person has become right with God, he cannot fail to be saved on the Day of Judgment
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What is TULIP?
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an acronym for remembering the basic beliefs of Calvinism;
Total depravity Unconditional election Limited atonement Irresistible grace Perseverance of the saints |
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What is civil disobedience?
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disobeying the law of the land because you disagree with it on principle
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What were some problems in the church at Corinth?
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- serious unity problems, most along social lines - some had a higher social standing than others
- some questioned Paul's authority - some thought they had superior knowledge & wisdom - some didn't believe in resurrection - some thought sexual freedom demonstrated spiritual power; some thought Christians should stop having sex altogether - some boasted about spiritual gifts |
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What was Paul's solution to the problems in Corinth?
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Love
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What is church?
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a group of believers who assemble together (church means "assembly" in Greek)
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What is house church?
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a group of believers who meet together in the house of a particular person
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What is the Lord's Supper?
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also called communion or the Eucharist, this was the weekly meal early Christians had on Sundays to remember the significance of Christ's death. It mirrored the Last Supper Jesus had with his disciples, the Passover meal
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What is table fellowship?
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the matter of who was appropriate to eat with
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What is the gift of prophecy?
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the ability to present messages from God about the church and its future
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What is the gift of tongues?
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the ability to speak in angelic languages
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What were the contemporary issues with 1 Corinthians?
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- Should a Christian have sex?
- Should a Christian marry? - Should Christians take each other to court? - What do we do when Christians disagree on how we should live? - Is it appropriate for a Christian to speak in tongues? |
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What is the body of Christ?
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a metaphor Paul uses for all Christians. Each of us has a different function, and the Holy Spirit dwells in the whole body
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What is demythologize?
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To remove aspects of the New Testament that seem foreign to our current worldview
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What kind of body does Paul say you will have when you are resurrected?
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a spiritual body
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What is creed?
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a statement of basic belief
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What is the last Adam?
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an image Paul uses of Christ as the counterpart to Adam. Adam sinned, brought death, and prevented his family from ruling the earth. Christ brings life to those "in Him" and enables them to attain to the glory God originally meant humanity to have
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What did Paul write Galatians?
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some group was exerting pressure on the Galatians to be circumcised and to follow the Jewish Law
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What is spirit?
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the heavenly part of our nature that God's Holy Spirit can enter
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What is fruit of the Spirit?
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the natural result of having God's Spirit within - love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control
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What are the 4 Prison Epistles?
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Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon
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What does Ephesians celebrate?
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the unity of the church, particularly between Jew and Gentile
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What is Philippians?
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A letter of thanks to Philippi after the church sent support to Paul
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What does Colossians warn Christians about?
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a false teaching involving the Jewish Law
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What is Philemon about?
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it's a letter asking a slave owner to receive back his slave who had run away
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What is syncretism?
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a mixture of religions
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What is mysticism?
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practices and beliefs that relate to achieving a oneness of one kind or another with the divine realm
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What is asceticism?
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involved extreme self-discipline or even the abuse of one's body
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What is pseudonymity?
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the practice of writing under the authority of someone else's name, usually an authoritative figure from the past who has long since died
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What is ghostwriting?
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when a person other than the author of a book is the primary writer of the book - the author only agreeing and modifying what the writer has written on his or her behalf
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Which book of the NT was probably the first book written?
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1 Thessalonians
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What does Paul remind the Thessalonians in his first letter to them?
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appropriate Christian sexuality, brotherly love, and diligent work
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What does 2 Thessalonians deal with?
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things that will take place before Christ's return, including the coming of a "man of lawlessness"
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What is the Day of the Lord?
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the Day of Judgment when God judges the earth
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What is the rapture?
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a popular Christian term for the ascent of Christians both dead and alive from the earth to meet Jesus in the sky
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What is Protestant Work Ethic?
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"Whoever does not work should not eat"
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What 2 books are the "pastoral epistles?"
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1 and 2 Timothy; because of their concern with how to lead the church
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What are the main concerns of 1 and 2 Timothy?
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the correction of false teaching and the order of relationships in the church, not least the qualifications of church leaders
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What is an overseer?
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perhaps the same as an elder, one of the leaders of a church
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What is a deacon?
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a lesser role of leadership that involves serving the church
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What is Christ's divinity?
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the face that Christ is God
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What are household codes?
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sets of instruction regarding the appropriate roles of individuals in relationships such as wife-husband, slave-master, and child-parent
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What was Hebrews?
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probably a sermon sent to encourage a particular community to stay faithful to its Christian commitment
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What is the old covenant?
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the arrangement between God and Israel made at Mt. Sinai; the Jewish Law
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What is the new covenant?
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the new arrangement between God and humanity through the blood of Christ
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What are Levitical priests?
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priests who descended from Levi, one of the 12 sons of Jacob in the OT
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What is a tabernacle?
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the portable tent constructed by Moses in which sacrifices were offered in the period before Solomon built the temple
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What is the Holy Place?
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the outer room of the Jewish tabernacle/temple (The Holies)
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What is the Most Holy Place?
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the inner room of the Jewish tabernacle/temple (The Holy of Holies) where the high priest offered a sacrifice on the Day of Atonement. The Ark of the Covenant was house here
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What is the Day of Atonement?
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the one day in the year when the high priest entered the Most Holy Place to atone for the sins the people had committed in ignorance that year; Yom Kippur
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What is a mediator?
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a go-between, an intercessor, or arbitrator
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What is the altar?
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the structure on which an animal was killed as a sacrifice; usually a pile of stones or stone table of sorts, often in a temple
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Who is Melchizedek?
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the first priest mentioned in the Old Testament. According to Hebrews, a "priest after the order of Melchizedek" is a priest who lives forever, yet who does not come from a priestly family - in other words, Christ.
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Which book is the only book in the New Testament to refer to Christ as a priest?
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Hebrews
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Which books are general epistles?
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James, 1 and 2 Peter, 1-2-3 John, and Jude because they address broader audiences than Paul's letters do
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What does James deal with?
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the temptation to rely on the rich and on earthly things.
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What does 1 Peter address?
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Christian suffering. It encourages its audience to be holy and to exercise respectable conduct on earth
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What does 2 Peter address?
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Skeptics who question whether Christ is going to return again
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Who does 1 John encourage?
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a community that has lost a significant number of members
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Who does 2 and 3 John address?
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a fellow church and a man named Gaius, encouraging them
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What does Jude address?
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false teaching and heresy
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What is catholic?
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universal, relating to all people everywhere
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What is redemption?
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a payment made to set someone free in some way
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What is born again?
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a phrase used by many Christians to refer to becoming a Christian; used in 1 Peter to speak of the spiritual birth of a believer
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What is holy?
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belonging to God, often with the sense that such a person lives appropriately
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What is the priesthood of all believers?
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Martin Luther's teaching that all Christians are priests, not just particular individuals ordained by the church
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Who is Cerinthus?
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an early Gnostic who believed that the spirit-being Christ had descended on the human Jesus at His baptism and that Christ did not really die on the cross. Rather, Jesus cleverly changed places with Simon of Cyrene, who was carrying the cross for Him. Simon, not Jesus died on the cross
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What 3 genres does Revelation fit?
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1. a circular letter
2. a prophetic writing 3. an apocalypse |
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What is a preterist?
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someone who believes all or almost all of Revelation is about events in the first century A.D.
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What is a futurist?
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someone who believes that most of the events of Revelation are still to come and relate to the end of time
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What is a historist?
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someone who believes Revelation is about events throughout all of history
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What is an idealist?
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someone who believes that Revelation is a symbolic portrayal of the eternal struggle between good and evil, not a book with predictions about specific events in history
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What is trisagion?
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"Holy, holy, holy" - calling God holy 3 times.
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What is seal?
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a piece of wax with which a scroll was sealed shut
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Pre-tribulation rapture?
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the belief that Christ will remove Christians from the earth before a 7 year period of "tribulation" in which the earth with undergo great distress
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Mid-tribulation rapture?
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the belief that Christians will undergo 3 and 1/2 years of a 7 year "tribulation", but will be removed from the earth before the most intense suffering of the last 3 and 1/2 years
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post-tribulation rapture?
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the belief that Christians will be present on earth throughout a 7 year "tribulation" period. If any survive, they will be taken up to be with Christ when He returns in judgment
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What are the end times?
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a way of referring to the events that will happen at the end of time on Judgment Day and in the days right before it
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What is the beast from the sea?
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the arch-persecutor of God's people in the book of Revelation. For futurists, he is the Antichrist of the end times; for preterists, he represents either the emperor Nero or the Roman Empire in general
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What is the beast from the land?
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a figure who orchestrates the worship of the beast from the sea; also known as the false prophet. According to futuritsts, he sets up a world religion around the Antichrist in the end times; preterists say he represents the emperor worship in Asia Minor in John's day
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What is the mark of the beast?
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a mark in one's right hand or on one's forehead, without which one cannot buy or sell. Futurists take it as a tattoo the Antichrist will require in the end times; preterists take it as allegiance to Rome, perhaps even the use of money proclaiming the divinity of emperors
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What is Armageddon?
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whether literal of symbolic, the place where the final battle between good and evil takes place
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What is millenium?
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a thousand year period during which Christ will reign on earth with those Christians who have been martyred for their faith
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What is premillennialism?
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the belief that the millennium has not yet occurred but will happen after a time of world crisis during which things get worse and worse
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What is postmillennialism?
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the belief that the millennium either already has taken place or is currently taking place. Things will get better and better until Christs returns
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What is amillennialism?
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the belief that the millennium is symbolic of any time when Christ rules "on earth as it is in heaven"
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