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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Which area of the brain is important for speech articulation?
Left inferior-posterior FRONTAL lobe (Broca's motor speech area; Brodmann's 44,45)
Which area of the brain is important for language comprehension?
Left posterior-superior TEMPORAL lobe
(Wernicke's area; Brodmann's 22)
What are the most common causes of aphasia?
1. Stroke (ischemic; hemorrhagic)
2. Trauma
3. Anoxia
List 3 problems that may occur during short-term poststroke recovery
1. Diaschisis
2. Iscemic penumbra
3. Edema
A lesion in which part of the brain may result in neglect?
Right (inferior) parietal lobe
What are some signs of hemispatial neglect?
1. Neglect of left space
2. Anosognosia (denial of hemiplegia)
3. Allesthesia (when touched/addressed on left side, pt will respond on right side)
What is the most common cause of neglect?
Stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic)
Is neglect usually permanent?
No. It is usually transient, with partial or complete recovery
What is the name of the fasciculus between Broca's and Wernicke's areas?
Arcuate fasciculus
What type of aphasias result from areas surrounding the Sylvian fissure (Broca's, Wernickes, etc)
Peri-sylvian aphasias
What type of aphasias result from areas other than those surrounding the sylvian fissure?
Para-sylvian aphasias
Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with Broca's aphasia
Fluency --> POOR
Repetition --> POOR
Comprehension --> GOOD
Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with Wernicke's aphasia
Fluency --> GOOD
Repetition --> POOR
Comprehension --> POOR
Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with conduction aphasia
Fluency --> GOOD
Repetition --> POOR
Comprehension --> GOOD
Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with global aphasia
Fluency, repetition, and comprehension are all POOR
Damage to which area of the brain will cause conduction aphasia?
Arcuate fasciculus
Global aphasia is caused by damage to which areas of the brain?
1. Broca's
2. Arcuate fasciculus
3. Wernicke's
Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with transcortical motor aphasia
Fluency --> POOR
Repetition --> GOOD
Comprehension --> GOOD
How do the signs of Transcortical motor aphasia differ than those seen in Broca's motor aphasia?
The signs are similar (poor fluency, good comprehension), except repetition is GOOD in transcortical motor aphasia and POOR in Broca's aphasia
Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with transcortical sensory aphasia
Fluency --> good
Repetition --> good
Comprehension --> POOR

*Similar to Wernicke's, except repetition is good
Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with anomic aphasia
Fluency, repetition, and comprehension are all GOOD
Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with mixed transcortical
Fluency --> POOR
Repetition --> good
Comprehension --> POOR
Anoxia will usually result in what type of aphasia?
Global aphasia
List some predictors if long-term recovery in aphasia
1. Intact ipsilateral cortical structures that normally connect physiologically and anatomically to injured area
2. Intact subcortical systems that normally connect physiologically and anatomically to injured area
3. Intact contralateral cortical areas that are cytoarchitectonically homologous to injured area
4. Left handedness or left-handed family members