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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Federalism |
A way of organizing a nation so that two or more levels of government have formal authority over the same land and people. |
3.1 Defining Federalism |
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Unitary government |
A way of organizing a nation so that all power Resides in the central government. |
3.1 Defining Federalism |
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Intergovernmental relations |
The workings of the federal system- the entire set of interactions among national, state, and local governments, including regulations, transfers of funds, and the sharing of information. |
3.1 Defining Federalism |
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Supremacy clause |
The clause in Article VI of the Constitution that makes the Constitution, national law, and treaties supreme over state laws as long as the national government is acting within its constitutional limits. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Tenth Amendment |
The Constitutional amendment starting, "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, not prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively or to the people. " |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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McCulloch v. Maryland |
An 1819 Supreme Court decision that established the supremacy of the national government over state government. The court, led by Chief Justice John Marshall, held that Congress had certain implied powers in addition to the power enumerated in the Constitution. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Enumerated Powers |
Powers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in the Constitution; for Congress, including the powers listed in Article 1, Section 8, for example, to coin money and regulate its value and impose taxes. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Implied powers |
Powers of the federal government that go beyond those enumerated in the Constitution, in accordance with the statement in the Constitution that Congress has the power to "make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution" the powers enumerated in Article 1. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Elastic Clause |
The final paragraph of Article 1, Section 8, of the Constitution, which authorizes Congress to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to carry out the enumerated Powers. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Gibbons v. Ogdens |
A landmark case decided in 1824 in which the Supreme Court interpreted very broadly the clause in Article 1, Section 8, of the Constitution giving Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce as encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Full Faith and Credit |
A clause in Article IV of the Constitution requiring each state to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of all other states. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Extradition |
A legal process whereby a state surrenders a person charged with a crime to the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Privileges and Immunities |
The provision of the Constitution according citizens of each state the privileges of citizens of other states. |
3.2 The Constitutional Basis of Federalism |
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Dual Federalism |
A system of governments in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies |
3.3 Intergovernmental Relations |
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Cooperative Federalism |
A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government. |
3.3 Intergovernmental Relations |
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Devolution |
Transferring responsibility for policies from the federal government to state and local governments. |
3.3 Intergovernmental Relations |
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Fiscal Federalism |
The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national government's relations with state and local government. |
3.3 Intergovernmental Relations |
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Categorical Federalism |
Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or "categories" of state and local spending. They come with strings attached, such as nondiscrimination provisions. |
3.3 Intergovernmental Relations |
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Project Grants |
Federal categorical grant given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of application. |
3.3 Intergovernmental Relations |
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Formula Grants |
Federal categorical grants distributed according to a formula specified in legislation or in administrative regulations. |
3.3 Intergovernmental Relations |
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Block Grants |
Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services. |
3.3 Intergovernmental Relations |
