Nsg 1 Chapter 18 And Freud

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an orderly pattern of changes in structure, thoughts, feelings or behaviors, resulting from maturation, experiences and learning

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Development

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an increase in body size or changes in body cell structure, function and complexity

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growth

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physical development has a ? because of inheritance patterns carried on the chromosomes (an unborn child begins life w/ specific physical attributes)

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predetermined genetic base

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from birth through the early years of growth provide initial psychological and social contact thru positive or negative experiences w/ caregivers

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Environmental factors

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environmental influences expand beyond the immediate caregivers or family development is influenced by a wide variety of

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psychosocial experiences

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cognitive, moral, and spiritual development are fostered thru intereactions within the

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family, school and community

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predetermined genetic base, environmental factors, psychosocial experiences, orderly and sequential, continuous and complex

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principles of growth and development

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facilitated or delayed by genetic heredity; prenatal, individual, and caregiver factors; and environment and nutrition

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factors influencing growth and development

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another factor influences growth and development

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health or illness

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Theory of Psychoanalytic Development:

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Sigmund Freud

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Freud theory consist Four major components of Freud’s theory are:

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* the unconscious mind
* the id
* the ego
* the superego

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Freud identified the underlying stimulus for human behavior as sexuality, which he called

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libido

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Freud = contains memories, motives, fantasies, and fears that are not easily recalled but that directly affect behavior

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The unconscious mind

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Freud =

is the part of the mind concerned with self-gratification

also Defense mechanisms are a means of unconscious coping to reduce stress in the conscious mind when the id’s impulses cannot be satisfied.

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the id

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Freud = is the conscious part of the mind that serves as a mediator and problem solving, separation of reality from fantasy, and incorporation of experiences and learning into future behavior.

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the ego

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Freud =

is the part of the mind that represents one’s conscience. develops from the ego during the first year of life, as the child learns praise versus punishment for actions

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superego

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Development of the? allows the infant, by 6 months of age, to view self as separate from others and to begin to alter behaviors in response to cues. ? development continues throughout life.

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ego

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During the ?, the infant uses his or her mouth as the major source of gratification and exploration.

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Oral Stage (Ages 0 to 18 Months)

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Anal Stage (Ages 8 Months to 4 Years)

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Toilet training is a crucial issue, requiring delayed gratification as the child compromises between enjoyment of bowel function and limits set by social expectations.

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The child has increased interest in gender differences and his or her own gender

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Phallic Stage (Ages 3 to 7 Years)

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(Ages 7 to 12 Years)

This stage marks the transition to the genital stage during adolescence. I

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Latency Stage

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(Ages 12 to 20 Years)

At this stage, sexual interest can be expressed in overt sexual relationships

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Genital Stage