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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cortisol
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naturally occurring corticosteroid. Dec availability of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophil and basophils by redistribution. Decrease macrophage release of TNFα, IL-1, metalloproteinase and plasminogen factor (pro-inflammatory cytokines). Decreases synthesis of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxane and histamines from mast cells
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Corticosteroid functions to
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decrease inflammation by stopping arachondic acid metabolism by dec. phospholipase A2.
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How synthetic differs from natural corticosteroids
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Affinity for mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptors
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Anti Inflammatory Activity of 1
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hydrocortisone: short acting
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Anti Inflammatory Activity of .8
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cortisone: short acting
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Anti Inflammatory Activity of 4
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Prednisone: short acting
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Anti Inflammatory Activity of 5
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prednisolone:short acting, methylprednisolone: short acting, triamicolone (intermediate)
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Anti Inflammatory Activity of 25-40
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betamethasone: long acting
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Anti Inflammatory Activity of 30
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dexamethasone: long acting
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Anti Inflammatory Activity of 10
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Fludrocortisone (salt retention of 250)
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corticosteroids used for
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arthritis, bursitis, tenosynovitis, asthma, dermatitis, temporal arteritis, Inflammatory bowel syndrome (Crohn's Disease, ulcerative colitis)
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Corticosteroid adverse effects
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Na+ retention and hypertension
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Corticosteroid contraindications
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Peptic ulcers, hypertension, osteoporosis and heart failure
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NSAID acts as
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anti inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic
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NSAID mechanism
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Inhibition of COX 1/2
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prolonged use of NSAIDs causes
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increased bleeding time, dyspepsia, subepithelial damage and hemorrhage, gasrtic muscosal erosion, frank ulceration and gastric necrosis
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NSAID mech of analgesia
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inhibition of prostaglandins PGE1 and PGF2-alpha
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NSAID effect on vessels and GFR
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decreases blood vessels' sensitivity to bradykinin and histamine, decreased GFR and may lead to kidney failure
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classes of NSAIDs
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Aspirin & Other Traditional NSAIDs
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Aspirin Mechanism
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Mech: irreversible inhibition of COX1 & COX2, →inhibit prostaglandins, thromboxanes and prostacyclins.
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aspirin uses
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decreases incidence of transient ischemic attacks, unstable angina and coronary artery thrombosis
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Aspirin Adverse effects
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airway hyperactivity in asthmatic patients. Susceptible patients may also be reactive to indomethacin, naproxen, ibuprofen, mefenamate and phenylbutazone
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Cortisol naturally
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occurring
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Decreases
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COX2
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Corticosteroid
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functions
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How
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synthetic
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Protein
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binding
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Long,
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sharp
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Anti
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Inflammatory
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Anti
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Inflammatory
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Anti
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Inflammatory
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Anti
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Inflammatory
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Anti
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Inflammatory
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Anti
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Inflammatory
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Anti
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Inflammatory
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corticosteroids
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used
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Corticosteroid
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adverse
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Hyperglycemia,
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glycosuria,
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Corticosteroid
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contraindications Peptic
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NSAID
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acts
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NSAID
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mechanism Inhibition
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prolonged
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use
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NSAID
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mech
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NSAID
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effect
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classes
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of
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COX2
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-
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Aspirin
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Mechanism Mech:
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-Decreases
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NADPH
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-COX2
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inhibition
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aspirin
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uses decreases
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Analgesic:
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synergistic
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Aspirin
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Adverse
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Reye
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Syndrome
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Cortisol
|
naturally occurring corticosteroid. Dec availability of neutrophils
|
|
|
Corticosteroid functions to
|
decrease inflammation by stopping arachondic acid metabolism by dec. phospholipase A2.
|
|
|
How synthetic differs from natural corticosteroids
|
Affinity for mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptors
|
|
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Protein binding affinity
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rate of elimination and metabolic products
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Long
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sharp and intermediate acting (treat chronic asthma or rheumatoid arthritis)
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Anti Inflammatory Activity of 1
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hydrocortisone: short acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of .8
|
cortisone: short acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 4
|
Prednisone: short acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 5
|
prednisolone:short acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 25-40
|
betamethasone: long acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 30
|
dexamethasone: long acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 10
|
Fludrocortisone (salt retention of 250)
|
|
|
corticosteroids used for
|
arthritis
|
|
|
Corticosteroid adverse effects
|
Na+ retention and hypertension
|
|
|
Hyperglycemia
|
glycosuria
|
|
|
Corticosteroid contraindications
|
Peptic ulcers
|
|
|
NSAID acts as
|
anti inflammatory
|
|
|
NSAID mechanism
|
Inhibition of COX 1/2
|
|
|
prolonged use of NSAIDs causes
|
increased bleeding time
|
|
|
NSAID mech of analgesia
|
inhibition of prostaglandins PGE1 and PGF2-alpha
|
|
|
NSAID effect on vessels and GFR
|
decreases blood vessels' sensitivity to bradykinin and histamine
|
|
|
classes of NSAIDs
|
Aspirin & Other Traditional NSAIDs
|
|
|
Aspirin Mechanism
|
Mech: irreversible inhibition of COX1 & COX2
|
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-Decreases NADPH oxidase → neutrophils oxidative burst (indomethacin
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piroxicam & ibuprofen)
|
|
|
aspirin uses
|
decreases incidence of transient ischemic attacks
|
|
|
Aspirin Adverse effects
|
airway hyperactivity in asthmatic patients. Susceptible patients may also be reactive to indomethacin
|
|
|
Cortisol
|
naturally occurring corticosteroid. Dec availability of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophil and basophils by redistribution. Decrease macrophage release of TNFα, IL-1, metalloproteinase and plasminogen factor (pro-inflammatory cytokines). Decreases synthesis of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxane and histamines from mast cells
|
|
|
Corticosteroid functions to
|
decrease inflammation by stopping arachondic acid metabolism by dec. phospholipase A2.
|
|
|
How synthetic differs from natural corticosteroids
|
Affinity for mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptors
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 1
|
hydrocortisone: short acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of .8
|
cortisone: short acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 4
|
Prednisone: short acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 5
|
prednisolone:short acting, methylprednisolone: short acting, triamicolone (intermediate)
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 25-40
|
betamethasone: long acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 30
|
dexamethasone: long acting
|
|
|
Anti Inflammatory Activity of 10
|
Fludrocortisone (salt retention of 250)
|
|
|
corticosteroids used for
|
arthritis, bursitis, tenosynovitis, asthma, dermatitis, temporal arteritis, Inflammatory bowel syndrome (Crohn's Disease, ulcerative colitis)
|
|
|
Corticosteroid adverse effects
|
Na+ retention and hypertension
|
|
|
Corticosteroid contraindications
|
Peptic ulcers, hypertension, osteoporosis and heart failure
|
|
|
NSAID acts as
|
anti inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic
|
|
|
NSAID mechanism
|
Inhibition of COX 1/2
|
|
|
prolonged use of NSAIDs causes
|
increased bleeding time, dyspepsia, subepithelial damage and hemorrhage, gasrtic muscosal erosion, frank ulceration and gastric necrosis
|
|
|
NSAID mech of analgesia
|
inhibition of prostaglandins PGE1 and PGF2-alpha
|
|
|
NSAID effect on vessels and GFR
|
decreases blood vessels' sensitivity to bradykinin and histamine, decreased GFR and may lead to kidney failure
|
|
|
classes of NSAIDs
|
Aspirin & Other Traditional NSAIDs
|
|
|
Aspirin Mechanism
|
Mech: irreversible inhibition of COX1 & COX2, →inhibit prostaglandins, thromboxanes and prostacyclins.
|
|
|
aspirin uses
|
decreases incidence of transient ischemic attacks, unstable angina and coronary artery thrombosis
|
|
|
Aspirin Adverse effects
|
airway hyperactivity in asthmatic patients. Susceptible patients may also be reactive to indomethacin, naproxen, ibuprofen, mefenamate and phenylbutazone
|
