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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which ventricles are visible at the level of the thalamus?
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Third and lateral
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Another name for the thalamus?
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Diencephalon
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Which nuclei are found in the thalamus?
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Lateral geniculate nucleus - visual sensory relay
Medial - auditory relay ARAS - consciousness Thalamic nuclei - i dunno |
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Is the pineal gland part of the thalamus?
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Aye - epithalamus
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Where in the thalamus would the lesion be if there were behavioural changes, visual impairment and endocrine imbalances?
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Behavioural - ARAS
Visual - Lateral geniculate Endocrine - hypothalamus |
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What parts make up the cerebrum?
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Basal nuclei
Neocortex Archicortex - limbic system Paleocortex - olfactory bulb |
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cruciate sulcus
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dgolh
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What is the limbic system responsible for?
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Behaviour and emotion
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What does the limbic system form a border between?
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Cerebrum and thalamus
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Which well-known disease affects the limbic system?
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RABIES
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Where is the hippocampus found?
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Floor of lateral ventricle
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Function of ARAS?
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State of arousal/consciousness/awareness and regulates sleep
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Which neurotransmitter is important for controlling the sleep/wake cycle?
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Hypocretin
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What can abnormalities of this result in?
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Narcolepsy - inappropriately falling asleep
Cataplexy - collapsing induced by emotional response |
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What is special about the neurons in the olfactory bulb?
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They are the only neurons to undergo apoptosis to save the brain and undergo cell division
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Where are first and second order neurons found?
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1st - olfactory epithelium
2nd - olfactory bulb |
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If not sure about if brain has white matter on outside or inside
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think about corpus callosum
(INSIDE) |
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What are some clinical signs of forebrain disease?
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Behavioural changes - rabies
Changes in mentation - depression Central blindness - no menace response or palpebral reflex Conscious proprioception deficits Circling/head aversion - often towards lesion and not in tight circles Seizures |
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What is the definition of a seizure?
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Paroxysmal transitory disturbance of brain function that starts in the forebrain SUDDENLY, ceases spontaneously and has a tendency to recur.
paroxysmal transitory disturbance |
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What leads to a seizure?
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Inadequate inhibition of neurons
or Excessive neuronal excitation |
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What are 2 inhibitory neurotransmitters?
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GABA and glycine
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What are 2 excitatory neurotransmitters?
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Aspartate and glutamate
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Are seizures acquired or genetic?
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Either
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