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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Atenolol - class II
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I: Tachyarrhythmias such as A-flutter, A-fib, atrioventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias (PSVT), hypertension, angina.
S/E: Bradycardia, hypotension, dizziness. Bronchoconstriction is possible but occurs less frequently in selective beta blockers. Depression, fatigue, impotency. MOA: Beta 1 blockade reduces sympathetic effects on myocardium. Reduced phase 4 depolarization and decreased automaticity in the SA node, AV node and the Purkinje fibers. UQ: PO, IV. |
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Amiodorone - Class III
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I: Ventricular arryhthmias.
S/E: Dizziness and light headedness. Pulmonary fibrosis possible. BLUE GREY COLORING OF SKIN can occur as a result of iodine deposition. MOA: Potassium channel blockade. Prolongs phase III. UQ: PO, IV. Amiodarone contains high level of iodine. |
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Atropine
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I: Cardiac use is in treatment of bradycardia. blocks action of acetylcholine, atropine antidotes poisoning by organophosphate .
S/E: Blurred vision, dilated pupils, dry mouth and tachycardia. confined to emergency treatment of life threatening bradycardia with hypotension. “Dry as a bone, red as a beet, hot as a hare, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter.” The specific antidote for atropine toxicity (or tropane alkaloid toxicity) is physostigmine, a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor MOA: Anticholinergic agent - competitive inhibitor of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors = parasympatholytic. UQ: IV. PO. Can be also given via an endotracheal tube. Additional uses of atropine include: -cycloplegic to temporarily paralyze accommodation and as a mydriatic to dilate the pupils. - diarrhea as it decreases secretions and slows peristalsis. - decreases bronchial and salivary secretions preoperatively. |
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Digoxin - cardiac glycoside
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I: CHF. Slows ventricular response to atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter.
S/E: Digitalis intoxication – observed more frequently in hypokalemia. Cardiac signs: arrhythmias, including bradycardia, partial or complete heart block. GI: nausea, vomiting, anorexia and diarrhea. CNS: drowsiness and fatigue. Visual disturbances: MOA: Inhibits the Na+/K+ ATPase pump which serves to increase inward current of sodium followed by a greater influx of calcium. Cardiac contraction is enhanced by the increased concentration of intracellular calcium. UQ: PO, 36 hour half life, may cause characteristic flattening or even inversion of the T wave on EKG. |